多线程编程和递增静态变量

时间:2015-07-23 20:54:19

标签: java multithreading static locking

我几乎阅读了与我的问题相关的所有帖子,但无法解决我的问题。这段代码是Big Java中的一个问题 - Cay Horstmann的早期对象。问题是通过使用多线程编程来计算几个文件的单词,存储组合的单词计数这是我的问题。

为了获得组合计数器,我使用了static变量,该变量在线程中计算单词的每次迭代时递增。此外,我使用ReentrantLock()一次只能为一个线程提供增量。 除了递增之外,一切正常。似乎有时静态变量不会增加。我测试了lock()unlock()的数量 每个线程都与我的预期结果匹配,但static变量无法正常工作。

有什么解释吗?谢谢你的时间和帮助。

我的task class

 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
 import java.util.Scanner;
 import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
 import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

public class WordCount implements Runnable
{
    private String fileName;
    Scanner inputFile;
    private long counter;
    public volatile static long combinedCounter = 0;
    Lock ccLock;

    public WordCount(String aName) throws FileNotFoundException
    {
        try
        {
            this.ccLock = new ReentrantLock();
            this.counter = 0;
            this.fileName = aName;
            this.inputFile = new Scanner(new File(this.fileName));
        }
        catch (FileNotFoundException e)
        {}
     }
    public void cCount()
    {
        ccLock.lock();
        try
        {
            combinedCounter++;
            /*synchronized (this)
            {
                combinedCounter++;
            }*/
         }
        finally
        {
            ccLock.unlock();
        }
     }
    @Override
    public void run()
    {
        try
        {
            while (inputFile.hasNext() && !Thread.interrupted())
            {
                 synchronized (this)
                 {
                     cCount();
                 }
                 counter++;
                 inputFile.next();
                 Thread.sleep(0);
             }
             System.out.printf("%s: %d\t\t%d\n", this.fileName,           
             this.counter,combinedCounter);
        }
         catch (InterruptedException e)
         {}
     }
 }

这是我的client class

    import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
    import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
    import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

    public class WordCountRunner
    {

        public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException,
                InterruptedException
        {
            String a = "a.txt";
            String b = "b.txt";
            ExecutorService pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
            ;
            try
            {
                Runnable r1 = new WordCount(a);
                Runnable r2 = new WordCount(b);
                pool.execute(r1);
                pool.execute(r2);

                while (!pool.isTerminated())
                {
                    pool.shutdown();
                }
                Thread.sleep(100);
                System.out.print("***" + WordCount.combinedCounter);
            }
            catch (FileNotFoundException e)
            {

            }
            finally
            {
                pool.shutdown();

            }
        }

    }

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

锁不起作用,因为ReentrantLock是WordCount类中的实例变量。因此,该类的每个实例都有自己的私有锁,并且它们不会相互同步。最容易的变化是使锁定静态,就像它保护的变量一样。

答案 1 :(得分:2)

每个Runnable都有自己的锁定对象。为了使您的策略有效,他们都需要完全分享一个锁。

例如,

    // ...
    static Lock ccLock = new ReentrantLock();

    public WordCount(String aName) throws FileNotFoundException
    {
        try
        {
            // this.ccLock = new ReentrantLock();
            this.counter = 0;
            this.fileName = aName;
            this.inputFile = new Scanner(new File(this.fileName));
        // ...
    }