Question

我在Spring引导静止控制器中有POST方法，如下所示

@RequestMapping(value="/post/action/bookmark", method=RequestMethod.POST)
public @ResponseBody Map<String, String> bookmarkPost(
        @RequestParam(value="actionType",required=true) String actionType,
        @RequestParam(value="postId",required=true) String postId,
        @CurrentUser User user) throws Exception{
    return service.bookmarkPost(postId, actionType, user);
}

现在，如果我在 Postman 中测试缺少参数，我会获得400个http响应和一个JSON正文：

{
  "timestamp": "2015-07-20",
  "status": 400,
  "error": "Bad Request",
  "exception": "org.springframework.web.bind.MissingServletRequestParameterException",
  "message": "Required String parameter 'actionType' is not present",
  "path": "/post/action/bookmark"
}

直到现在还可以，但是当我尝试进行单元测试时，我没有收到JSON回复

@Test
public void bookmarkMissingActionTypeParam() throws Exception{
    // @formatter:off
    mockMvc.perform(
                post("/post/action/bookmark")
                    .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
                    .param("postId", "55ab8831036437e96e8250b6")
                    )
            .andExpect(status().isBadRequest())
            .andExpect(jsonPath("$.exception", containsString("MissingServletRequestParameterException")));
    // @formatter:on
}

测试失败并产生

java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: json can not be null or empty

我做了 .andDo（print（）），发现回复中没有正文

MockHttpServletResponse:
          Status = 400
   Error message = Required String parameter 'actionType' is not present
         Headers = {X-Content-Type-Options=[nosniff], X-XSS-Protection=[1; mode=block], Cache-Control=[no-cache, no-store], Pragma=[no-cache], Expires=[1], X-Frame-Options=[DENY]}
    Content type = null
            Body = 
   Forwarded URL = null
  Redirected URL = null
         Cookies = []

为什么我在单元测试我的控制器时没有得到JSON响应，但是在使用Postman或cUrl进行手动测试时是否收到它？

编辑：我已经添加了 @WebIntegrationTest 但得到了同样的错误：

import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.containsString;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.post;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers.print;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.jsonPath;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.SpringApplicationConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.test.WebIntegrationTest;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = RestApplication.class)
@WebIntegrationTest
public class PostControllerTest {

    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @Autowired
    private WebApplicationContext webApplicationContext;

    @Autowired
    private FilterChainProxy springSecurityFilterChain;

    @Before
    public void setUp() {
        mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(webApplicationContext)
                .addFilter(springSecurityFilterChain)
                .build();
    }  

    @Test
    public void bookmarkMissingActionTypeParam() throws Exception{
        // @formatter:off
        mockMvc.perform(
                    post("/post/action/bookmark")
                        .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
                        .param("postId", "55ab8831036437e96e8250b6")
                        )
                .andDo(print())
                .andExpect(status().isBadRequest())
                .andExpect(jsonPath("$.exception", containsString("MissingServletRequestParameterException")));
        // @formatter:on
    }
}

Answer 1

这是因为Spring Boot已自动配置了一个异常处理程序org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController，它可能在您的单元测试中不存在。获得它的方法是使用Spring Boot测试支持相关的注释：

@SpringApplicationConfiguration
@WebIntegrationTest

更多详情为here

<强>更新：你是绝对正确的，UI和测试中的行为是非常不同的，响应状态代码的错误页面没有正确地连接在非servlet测试环境中。改进此行为可能是为Spring MVC和/或Spring Boot打开的一个很好的错误。

目前，我有一种解决方法，可以通过以下方式模拟BasicErrorController的行为：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = {RestApplication.class, TestConfiguration.class})
@WebIntegrationTest
public class PostControllerTest {

    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @Autowired
    private WebApplicationContext webApplicationContext;

    @Autowired
    private FilterChainProxy springSecurityFilterChain;

    @Before
    public void setUp() {
        mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(webApplicationContext)
                .addFilter(springSecurityFilterChain)
                .build();
    }  

    @Test
    public void bookmarkMissingActionTypeParam() throws Exception{
        // @formatter:off
        mockMvc.perform(
                    post("/post/action/bookmark")
                        .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
                        .param("postId", "55ab8831036437e96e8250b6")
                        )
                .andDo(print())
                .andExpect(status().isBadRequest())
                .andExpect(jsonPath("$.exception", containsString("MissingServletRequestParameterException")));
        // @formatter:on
    }
}
     @Configuration
    public static class TestConfiguration {


        @Bean
        public ErrorController errorController(ErrorAttributes errorAttributes) {
            return new ErrorController(errorAttributes);
        }
    }
@ControllerAdvice
class ErrorController extends BasicErrorController {

    public ErrorController(ErrorAttributes errorAttributes) {
        super(errorAttributes);
    }

    @Override
    @ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
    @ResponseBody
    public ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>> error(HttpServletRequest request) {
        return super.error(request);
    }
}

我在这里做的是添加ControllerAdvice来处理异常流并委托回BasicErrorController。这至少会使行为与您保持一致。

Answer 2

最初，它应该在定义REST控制器方法时通过@ResponseBody标记修复错误。它将修复测试类中的json错误。但是，当您使用spring boot时，您将使用@RestController定义控制器类，它应该自动处理错误而不定义@Controller和@ResponseType标记。

单元测试Spring MissingServletRequestParameterException JSON响应

2 个答案: