Question

我必须支持传统的Visual Basic 6.0客户端，它需要解析XML文件。这些是由相当大且复杂的XSD架构描述的。为了简化解析过程，我通过Windows SDK xsd.exe工具创建了C＃类，将它们添加到C＃库项目中，并设置“Make assembly COM-Visible”属性。不幸的是，结果类型库没有任何价值，因为它只公开了所有复杂类型的空接口。

为了说明此行为，请考虑以下XSD架构：

<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" targetNamespace="urn:customers" xmlns:c="urn:customers">
  <xsd:element name="catalog" type="c:CatalogData"/>   
    <xsd:complexType name="AddressData">
        <xsd:sequence>
            <xsd:element name="no" type="xsd:integer"/>
            <xsd:element name="road" type="xsd:string"/>
        </xsd:sequence>
    </xsd:complexType>
    <xsd:complexType name="CustomerData">
      <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:element name="name" type="xsd:string"/>
        <xsd:element name="address" type="c:AddressData"/>
        <xsd:element name="order_date" type="xsd:date"/>
      </xsd:sequence>
      <xsd:attribute name="id" type="xsd:string"/>
    </xsd:complexType>
    <xsd:complexType name="CatalogData">
        <xsd:sequence>
            <xsd:element name="customer" type="c:CustomerData" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
        </xsd:sequence>
    </xsd:complexType>
</xsd:schema>

xsd工具创建以下源文件：

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// <auto-generated>
//     This code was generated by a tool.
//     Runtime Version:4.0.30319.34209
//
//     Changes to this file may cause incorrect behavior and will be lost if
//     the code is regenerated.
// </auto-generated>
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

using System.Xml.Serialization;

// 
// This source code was auto-generated by xsd, Version=4.0.30319.33440.
// 


/// <remarks/>
[System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("xsd", "4.0.30319.33440")]
[System.SerializableAttribute()]
[System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThroughAttribute()]
[System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(Namespace="urn:customers")]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute("catalog", Namespace="urn:customers", IsNullable=false)]
public partial class CatalogData {

    private CustomerData[] customerField;

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("customer", Form=System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified)]
    public CustomerData[] customer {
        get {
            return this.customerField;
        }
        set {
            this.customerField = value;
        }
    }
}

/// <remarks/>
[System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("xsd", "4.0.30319.33440")]
[System.SerializableAttribute()]
[System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThroughAttribute()]
[System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(Namespace="urn:customers")]
public partial class CustomerData {

    private string nameField;

    private AddressData addressField;

    private System.DateTime order_dateField;

    private string idField;

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute(Form=System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified)]
    public string name {
        get {
            return this.nameField;
        }
        set {
            this.nameField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute(Form=System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified)]
    public AddressData address {
        get {
            return this.addressField;
        }
        set {
            this.addressField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute(Form=System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified, DataType="date")]
    public System.DateTime order_date {
        get {
            return this.order_dateField;
        }
        set {
            this.order_dateField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
    public string id {
        get {
            return this.idField;
        }
        set {
            this.idField = value;
        }
    }
}

/// <remarks/>
[System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("xsd", "4.0.30319.33440")]
[System.SerializableAttribute()]
[System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThroughAttribute()]
[System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(Namespace="urn:customers")]
public partial class AddressData {

    private string noField;

    private string roadField;

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute(Form=System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified, DataType="integer")]
    public string no {
        get {
            return this.noField;
        }
        set {
            this.noField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute(Form=System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified)]
    public string road {
        get {
            return this.roadField;
        }
        set {
            this.roadField = value;
        }
    }
}

生成的类型库如下所示：

// Generated .IDL file (by the OLE/COM Object Viewer)
// 
// typelib filename: xsd.tlb

[
]
library xsd
{

    importlib("mscorlib.tlb");

    importlib("stdole2.tlb");

    // Forward declare all types defined in this typelib
    interface _CatalogData;
    interface _CustomerData;
    interface _AddressData;

    [      
    ]
    coclass CatalogData {
        [default] interface _CatalogData;
        interface _Object;
    };

    [      
    ]
    coclass CustomerData {
        [default] interface _CustomerData;
        interface _Object;
    };

    [      
    ]
    coclass AddressData {
        [default] interface _AddressData;
        interface _Object;
    };

    [
    ]
    interface _CatalogData : IDispatch {
    };

    [
    ]
    interface _CustomerData : IDispatch {
    };

    [
    ]
    interface _AddressData : IDispatch {
    };
};

我知道，我可以手动创建所需的COM接口，以便公开所有嵌套属性。但是，由于复杂的XSD架构，生成的C＃类文件超过3000行，我将永远为每个部分类创建一个接口。

是否有替代方案可以加快这一进程？或者是否有人知道另一个工具，它可以从XSD架构生成COM接口/类，最好是通过ATL或C ++？

Answer 1

你可能使用了Project＆gt;属性＆gt;申请＆gt; “装配信息”按钮并勾选“使装配COM可见”选项。使用COM客户端应用程序可见的程序集中的默认构造函数创建所有公共类的快速方法。它使用[ClassInterface] attribute的默认值，因为它没有明确地应用于类，它是ClassInterfaceType.AutoDispatch。

这是一个非常安全的设置，它有助于客户端代码对暴露类中的更改更具弹性。当类更改但客户端应用程序未重新编译时，您将获得的运行时错误更易于解释。早期绑定有许多更糟糕的失败模式，包括使用完全错误的属性或客户端应用程序落在AccessViolation异常上。

考虑到您正在公开数据，容易经常更改，这并不是一个坏主意。

但不是你要求的。更改默认[ClassInterface]非常简单。打开属性＆gt; AssemblyInfo.cs源代码文件，使其如下所示：

// Setting ComVisible to false makes the types in this assembly not visible 
// to COM components.  If you need to access a type in this assembly from 
// COM, set the ComVisible attribute to true on that type.
[assembly: ComVisible(true)]
[assembly: ClassInterface(ClassInterfaceType.AutoDual)]

添加了最后一行。重建您的项目，您现在将看到接口不再为空，并且VB6 IDE中的自动完成功能正常工作。

Answer 2

你可以修复＆＃34; xsd.exe工具使它生成你需要的东西。基本上，xsd.exe是一个相对较小的工具，它基于CodeDom。点击此处：writing your own xsd.exe

这是＆＃34;自定义xsd.exe＆＃34;的起点（完整源代码）。（除了类，它还生成接口和COM互操作）

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
using System.Xml.Schema;
using System.CodeDom;
using System.CodeDom.Compiler;

using Microsoft.CSharp;

namespace ConsoleApplication9
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            // identify the path to the xsd
            const string xsdFileName = @"schema.xsd";
            var path = Path.GetDirectoryName(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location);
            var xsdPath = Path.Combine(path, xsdFileName);

            // load the xsd
            XmlSchema xsd;
            using (var stream = new FileStream(xsdPath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
            {
                xsd = XmlSchema.Read(stream, null);
            }

            var xsds = new XmlSchemas();
            xsds.Add(xsd);
            xsds.Compile(null, true);
            var schemaImporter = new XmlSchemaImporter(xsds);

            // create the codedom
            var codeNamespace = new CodeNamespace("Generated");
            var codeExporter = new XmlCodeExporter(codeNamespace);

            var maps = new List<XmlTypeMapping>();
            foreach (XmlSchemaType schemaType in xsd.SchemaTypes.Values)
            {
                maps.Add(schemaImporter.ImportSchemaType(schemaType.QualifiedName));
            }
            foreach (XmlSchemaElement schemaElement in xsd.Elements.Values)
            {
                maps.Add(schemaImporter.ImportTypeMapping(schemaElement.QualifiedName));
            }
            foreach (var map in maps)
            {
                codeExporter.ExportTypeMapping(map);
            }

            PostProcess(codeNamespace);

            // Check for invalid characters in identifiers
            CodeGenerator.ValidateIdentifiers(codeNamespace);

            // output the C# code
            var codeProvider = new CSharpCodeProvider();
            using (var writer = new StringWriter())
            {
                codeProvider.GenerateCodeFromNamespace(codeNamespace, writer, new CodeGeneratorOptions());
                Console.WriteLine(writer.GetStringBuilder().ToString());
            }
        }
        // For each class declaration, 
        // adds interface declaration, makes that class inherit from that interface,
        // and adds COM interop stuff
        private static void PostProcess(CodeNamespace codeNamespace)
        {
            var codeTypeDeclarations = new List<CodeTypeDeclaration>();
            foreach (CodeTypeDeclaration codeType in codeNamespace.Types)
            {
                // mark class as com visible
                AddClassInterfaceNone(codeType.CustomAttributes);
                AddComVisibleTrue(codeType.CustomAttributes);

                // create new interface
                var itf = new CodeTypeDeclaration
                {
                    Name = string.Format("I{0}", codeType.Name),
                    IsInterface = true
                };

                AddComVisibleTrue(itf.CustomAttributes);

                // make base type inherit from this interface
                codeType.BaseTypes.Add(new CodeTypeReference(itf.Name));

                // clone interface members
                foreach (CodeTypeMember m in codeType.Members)
                {
                    var itfM = CloneMember(m);
                    itfM.CustomAttributes.Clear();
                    itf.Members.Add(itfM);
                }

                codeTypeDeclarations.Add(itf);
            }

            codeNamespace.Types.AddRange(codeTypeDeclarations.ToArray());
        }

        private static CodeTypeMember CloneMember(CodeTypeMember m)
        {
            var ms = new MemoryStream();
            var formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
            formatter.Serialize(ms, m);
            ms.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
            return formatter.Deserialize(ms) as CodeTypeMember;
        }

        private static void AddComVisibleTrue(CodeAttributeDeclarationCollection attrs)
        {
            attrs.Add(new CodeAttributeDeclaration(
                new CodeTypeReference("System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisibleAttribute"),
                new[] { new CodeAttributeArgument(new CodePrimitiveExpression(true)) }));
        }

        private static void AddClassInterfaceNone(CodeAttributeDeclarationCollection attrs)
        {
            attrs.Add(new CodeAttributeDeclaration(
                new CodeTypeReference("System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterface"),
                new[] { new CodeAttributeArgument(new CodeFieldReferenceExpression(
                new CodeTypeReferenceExpression("System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterfaceType"), 
                ClassInterfaceType.None.ToString()))
                    }));
        }
    }
}

以下是您输出的内容：

/// <remarks/>
[System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("ConsoleApplication9", "1.0.0.0")]
[System.SerializableAttribute()]
[System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThroughAttribute()]
[System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(Namespace="urn:customers")]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace="urn:customers", IsNullable=true)]
[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterface(System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterfaceType.None)]
[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisibleAttribute(true)]
public partial class AddressData : IAddressData {

    private string noField;

    private string roadField;

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute(Form=System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified, DataType="integer")]
    public string no {
        get {
            return this.noField;
        }
        set {
            this.noField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute(Form=System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified)]
    public string road {
        get {
            return this.roadField;
        }
        set {
            this.roadField = value;
        }
    }
}

/// <remarks/>
[System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("ConsoleApplication9", "1.0.0.0")]
[System.SerializableAttribute()]
[System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThroughAttribute()]
[System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(Namespace="urn:customers")]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace="urn:customers", IsNullable=true)]
[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterface(System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterfaceType.None)]
[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisibleAttribute(true)]
public partial class CustomerData : ICustomerData {

    private string nameField;

    private AddressData addressField;

    private System.DateTime order_dateField;

    private string idField;

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute(Form=System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified)]
    public string name {
        get {
            return this.nameField;
        }
        set {
            this.nameField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute(Form=System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified)]
    public AddressData address {
        get {
            return this.addressField;
        }
        set {
            this.addressField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute(Form=System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified, DataType="date")]
    public System.DateTime order_date {
        get {
            return this.order_dateField;
        }
        set {
            this.order_dateField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
    public string id {
        get {
            return this.idField;
        }
        set {
            this.idField = value;
        }
    }
}

/// <remarks/>
[System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("ConsoleApplication9", "1.0.0.0")]
[System.SerializableAttribute()]
[System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThroughAttribute()]
[System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(Namespace="urn:customers")]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace="urn:customers", IsNullable=true)]
[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterface(System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterfaceType.None)]
[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisibleAttribute(true)]
public partial class CatalogData : ICatalogData {

    private CustomerData[] customerField;

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("customer", Form=System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified)]
    public CustomerData[] customer {
        get {
            return this.customerField;
        }
        set {
            this.customerField = value;
        }
    }
}

[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisibleAttribute(true)]
public interface IAddressData {



    /// <remarks/>
    string no {
        get;
        set;
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    string road {
        get;
        set;
    }
}

[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisibleAttribute(true)]
public interface ICustomerData {





    /// <remarks/>
    string name {
        get;
        set;
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    AddressData address {
        get;
        set;
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    System.DateTime order_date {
        get;
        set;
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    string id {
        get;
        set;
    }
}

[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisibleAttribute(true)]
public interface ICatalogData {


    /// <remarks/>
    CustomerData[] customer {
        get;
        set;
    }
}

这是TLB文件：

// TLib :     // TLib : mscorlib.dll : {BED7F4EA-1A96-11D2-8F08-00A0C9A6186D}
importlib("mscorlib.tlb");
// TLib : OLE Automation : {00020430-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}
importlib("stdole2.tlb");

// Forward declare all types defined in this typelib
interface IAddressData;
interface ICustomerData;
interface ICatalogData;

[
  odl,
  uuid(9C2EF5B0-59BA-3CBE-874A-DA690A595F26),
  version(1.0),
  dual,
  oleautomation,
  custom(0F21F359-AB84-41E8-9A78-36D110E6D2F9, "Generated.IAddressData")    

]
interface IAddressData : IDispatch {
    [id(0x60020000), propget]
    HRESULT no([out, retval] BSTR* pRetVal);
    [id(0x60020000), propput]
    HRESULT no([in] BSTR pRetVal);
    [id(0x60020002), propget]
    HRESULT road([out, retval] BSTR* pRetVal);
    [id(0x60020002), propput]
    HRESULT road([in] BSTR pRetVal);
};

[
  uuid(26736B67-A277-3E81-AAF1-653A936F209E),
  version(1.0),
  custom(0F21F359-AB84-41E8-9A78-36D110E6D2F9, "Generated.AddressData")
]
coclass AddressData {
    interface _Object;
    [default] interface IAddressData;
};

[
  odl,
  uuid(8CCFC141-05C0-3A11-BD3B-C3279AB9B3C1),
  version(1.0),
  dual,
  oleautomation,
  custom(0F21F359-AB84-41E8-9A78-36D110E6D2F9, "Generated.ICustomerData")    

]
interface ICustomerData : IDispatch {
    [id(0x60020000), propget]
    HRESULT name([out, retval] BSTR* pRetVal);
    [id(0x60020000), propput]
    HRESULT name([in] BSTR pRetVal);
    [id(0x60020002), propget]
    HRESULT address([out, retval] IAddressData** pRetVal);
    [id(0x60020002), propputref]
    HRESULT address([in] IAddressData* pRetVal);
    [id(0x60020004), propget]
    HRESULT order_date([out, retval] DATE* pRetVal);
    [id(0x60020004), propput]
    HRESULT order_date([in] DATE pRetVal);
    [id(0x60020006), propget]
    HRESULT id([out, retval] BSTR* pRetVal);
    [id(0x60020006), propput]
    HRESULT id([in] BSTR pRetVal);
};

[
  uuid(9B02E545-4EF6-355E-8CD3-7EC5D2780648),
  version(1.0),
  custom(0F21F359-AB84-41E8-9A78-36D110E6D2F9, "Generated.CustomerData")
]
coclass CustomerData {
    interface _Object;
    [default] interface ICustomerData;
};

[
  odl,
  uuid(8DC4A69C-31FA-311A-8668-9D646AFF1F10),
  version(1.0),
  dual,
  oleautomation,
  custom(0F21F359-AB84-41E8-9A78-36D110E6D2F9, "Generated.ICatalogData")    

]
interface ICatalogData : IDispatch {
    [id(0x60020000), propget]
    HRESULT customer([out, retval] SAFEARRAY(ICustomerData*)* pRetVal);
    [id(0x60020000), propput]
    HRESULT customer([in] SAFEARRAY(ICustomerData*) pRetVal);
};

[
  uuid(5423877C-2618-3D59-8F3A-E1443AC362CA),
  version(1.0),
  custom(0F21F359-AB84-41E8-9A78-36D110E6D2F9, "Generated.CatalogData")
]
coclass CatalogData {
    interface _Object;
    [default] interface ICatalogData;
};

XSD架构到COM接口

2 个答案: