Question

想象一下，多个HTML文件与所有剩余的格式，标签等合并 - 更别提为什么 - 应该使用哪些工具从后续合并的html文件的起始行进行搜索，即<!doctype html>...到<h1>标题的开头？该范围模式应该替换为水平规则。

---END OF PREV MERGED FILE---
---BEGIN SEARCH/REPLACE HERE---
<!doctype html>
        <!--[if !IE]>
        <html class="no-js non-ie" lang="en-US" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#"> <![endif]-->
        <!--[if IE 7 ]>
        <html class="no-js ie7" lang="en-US" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#"> <![endif]-->
        <!--[if IE 8 ]>
        <html class="no-js ie8" lang="en-US" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#"> <![endif]-->
        <!--[if IE 9 ]>
---HEAD,META,ETC---
---END SEARCH/REPLACE HERE---
<h1>TITLE OF NEXT MERGED FILE</h1>

我不确定sed和awk是否是错误的工具，但首选类似的工具/解决方案。

输入

<li><strong>email_from = root@localhost</strong>, <strong>email_to = root</strong>, <strong>email_host = localhost</strong> defines respectively when the message is a mail the originator&#8217;s email address, the recipient&#8217;s
 email address and the host to which the mail is sent.<strong><br />
 30658  </strong></li>
 30659  </ul>
 30660  <p>Source: <a title="http://linuxaria.com/howto/enabling-automatic-updates-in-centos-7-and-rhel-7" href="http://linuxaria.com/howto/enabling-automatic-updates-in-centos-7-and-rhel-7">Linuxaria&#8217;s website</a>.</p>
 30661                                                                          </div><!-- end of .post-entry -->

 30662

 30663  <div class="post-edit"></div>
 30664                                                          </div><!-- end of #post-4116 -->
 30665
 30666




 30667          <!doctype html>
 30668          <!--[if !IE]>
 30669          <html class="no-js non-ie" lang="en-US" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#"> <![endif]-->
 30670          <!--[if IE 7 ]>
 30671          <html class="no-js ie7" lang="en-US" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#"> <![endif]-->
 30672          <!--[if IE 8 ]>
 30673          <html class="no-js ie8" lang="en-US" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#"> <![endif]-->
 30674          <!--[if IE 9 ]>
 30675          <html class="no-js ie9" lang="en-US" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#"> <![endif]-->
 30676          <!--[if gt IE 9]><!-->
 30677  <html class="no-js" lang="en-US" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#"> <!--<![endif]-->
 30678          <head>

 30679                  <meta charset="UTF-8"/>
 30680                  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">

 30681                  <title>something something</title>

 30682                  <link rel="profile" href="http://gmpg.org/xfn/11"/>
 30683                  <link rel="pingback" href="www.example.com"/>

 30684
 30685          <h1 class="entry-title post-title">Something Something</h1>

预期输出

<li><strong>email_from = root@localhost</strong>, <strong>email_to = root</strong>, <strong>email_host = localhost</strong> defines respectively when the message is a mail the originator&#8217;s email address, the recipient&#8217;s
     email address and the host to which the mail is sent.<strong><br />
     30658  </strong></li>
     30659  </ul>
     30660  <p>Source: <a title="http://linuxaria.com/howto/enabling-automatic-updates-in-centos-7-and-rhel-7" href="http://linuxaria.com/howto/enabling-automatic-updates-in-centos-7-and-rhel-7">Linuxaria&#8217;s website</a>.</p>
     30661                                                                          </div><!-- end of .post-entry -->

     30662

     30663  <div class="post-edit"></div>
     30664                                                          </div><!-- end of #post-4116 -->


    <hr />




     30685          <h1 class="entry-title post-title">Something Something</h1>

Answer 1

这似乎可以做你想要的：

awk '/<!doctype html>/{f=1;print "    <hr />";} /<h1 class=/{f=0;} !f' input >output

如何运作

/<!doctype html>/{f=1;print " <hr />";}

当我们到达包含<!doctype html>的行时，会将标记f设置为1，表示我们应该停止打印。然后，我们打印水平规则。
/<h1 class=/{f=0;}

当我们到达包含<h1 class=的行时。将标记f设置为0，表示我们可以继续打印。
!f

如果f为0，则会导致打印当前行。

更详细地说，!f是条件。当条件为真时，awk执行操作。由于未指定任何操作，awk将执行其默认操作，即打印该行。 !是awk的否定符号。因此，当f为假（0）时，则!f为真，并且会打印该行。

保留第一个doctype标记

假设我们要删除第一个除之外的所有doctype标记。在那种情况下：

awk '/<!doctype html>/{count++; if (count>1){f=1; print "    <hr />";}} /<h1 class=/{f=0;} !f' input

这可以通过添加另一个变量count来实现，该变量跟踪我们看到过多少个doctype标记。只有在我们看到多个doctype标记后，标记f才会设置为1。

为了演示上述内容，我们使用此输入文件：

$ cat input2
miscellaneous stuff
30667          <!doctype html>
30668          something
30669          <h1 class="entry-title post-title">Something Something</h1>
More stuff
30667          <!doctype html>
30668          something 2
30669          <h1 class="entry-title post-title">Something Something</h1>
Still More stuff
30667          <!doctype html>
30668          something 3
30669          <h1 class="entry-title post-title">Something Something</h1>
Stuff at end

该命令产生的输出是：

$ awk '/<!doctype html>/{count++; if (count>1){f=1; print "    <hr />";}} /<h1 class=/{f=0;} !f' input2
miscellaneous stuff
30667          <!doctype html>
30668          something
30669          <h1 class="entry-title post-title">Something Something</h1>
More stuff
    <hr />
30669          <h1 class="entry-title post-title">Something Something</h1>
Still More stuff
    <hr />
30669          <h1 class="entry-title post-title">Something Something</h1>
Stuff at end

搜索和替换RANGE模式

1 个答案:

如何运作

保留第一个doctype标记