关于TFOOT和TH的ASP.NET GridView新手问题

Question

问候！

我还在学习GridView控件，我有一个绑定到ObjectDataSource。我的Web表单如下所示：

<asp:GridView ID="ourGrid" runat="server" DataSourceID="ourDataSource" onrowdatabound="ourGrid_RowDataBound"
              HeaderStyle-CssClass="header_style" AlternatingRowStyle-CssClass="altrow_style"
              ShowFooter="true">
    <columns>
    <asp:BoundField DataField="Name" HeaderText="Full Name" />
    <asp:BoundField DataField="Gender" HeaderText="Gender" />
    <asp:BoundField DataField="BirthYear" HeaderText="Year of Birth" />
    <asp:BoundField DataField="JoinDate" HeaderText="Date Joined" HtmlEncode="false" DataFormatString="{0:d}" />
  </columns>
</asp:GridView>
<asp:ObjectDataSource ID="ourDataSource" runat="server" SelectMethod="GetTopUsers" TypeName="Acme.Model.OurNewObject">
</asp:ObjectDataSource>

它目前生成以下标记：

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="">
    <thead>
        <tr style="header_style">
            <th scope="col">Full Name</th>
            <th scope="col">Gender</th>
            <th scope="col">Year of Birth</th>
            <th scope="col">Date Joined</th>
        </tr>
    </thead>

    <tfoot>
        <tr>
            <td> </td>
            <td> </td>
            <td> </td>
            <td> </td>
        </tr>
    </tfoot>

    <tbody>
        <tr>
            <td>John Smith</td>
            <td>Male</td>
            <td>1967</td>
            <td>17-6-2007</td>
        </tr>
        <tr class="AspNet-GridView-Alternate altrow_style">
            <td>Mary Kay</td>
            <td>Female</td>
            <td>1972</td>
            <td>15-11-2007</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>Bill Jones</td>
            <td>Male</td>
            <td>1970</td>
            <td>23-2-2007</td>
        </tr>
    </tbody>
</table>

我想在这个GridView控件将生成的表标记中添加一些HTML元素。对于初学者，我需要TFOOT看起来像这样：

<tfoot>
    <tr>
        <td colspan="4">
            <div>
                <a class="footerlink_style" title="Newest Members" href="#">Newest Members</a>
                <a class="footerlink_style" title="Top Posters" href="#">Top Posters</a>
            </div>
        </td>
    </tr>
</tfoot>

链接不包含数据绑定信息，但很可能是超链接控件。有没有办法在设计时指定这个？

另外，对于THEAD，是否可以在GridView中为每个列标题指定单独的样式？

<thead>
    <tr style="header_style">
        <th scope="col" style="col1_style">Full Name</th>
        <th scope="col" style="col2_style">Gender</th>
        <th scope="col" style="col3_style">Year of Birth</th>
        <th scope="col" style="col4_style">Date Joined</th>
    </tr>
</thead>

最后，是否可以像这样指定表的摘要属性？

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="Here is a list of users">

提前致谢。

Answer 1

TFOOT自定义：

页脚始终默认创建与gridview其余部分相同数量的单元格。您可以通过添加：

在代码中覆盖它

protected void OurGrid_RowCreated(object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e)
{
    if(e.Row.RowType == DataControlRowType.Footer)
    {
        int colSpan = e.Row.Cells.Count;

        for(int i = (e.Row.Cells.Count - 1); i >= 1; i -= 1)
        {
            e.Row.Cells.RemoveAt(i);
            e.Row.Cells[0].ColumnSpan = colSpan;
        }  

        HtmlAnchor link1 = new HtmlAnchor();
        link1.HRef = "#";
        link1.InnerText = "Newest Members";  

        HtmlAnchor link2 = new HtmlAnchor();  
        link2.HRef = "#";
        link2.InnerText = "Top Posters";  

        // Add a non-breaking space...remove the space between & and nbsp;
        // I just can't seem to get it to render in
        LiteralControl space = new LiteralControl("& nbsp;");

        Panel p = new Panel();
        p.Controls.Add(link1);
        p.Controls.Add(space);
        p.Controls.Add(link2);

        e.Row.Cells[0].Controls.Add(p);
    }
}

...并将onrowcreated属性添加到服务器控件：

<asp:GridView ID="ourGrid" onrowcreated="OurGrid_RowCreated" ...

THEAD样式：

您可以为每个绑定字段的'headerstyle-cssclass'中的每个列指定标头css类。例如：

<asp:BoundField headerstyle-cssclass="col1_style1" DataField="Name" HeaderText="Full Name" />    
<asp:BoundField headerstyle-cssclass="col1_style2" DataField="Gender" HeaderText="Gender" />

表摘要：

只需将摘要属性添加到griview：

<asp:GridView ID="ourGrid" summary="blah" ...

全部放在一起：

<%@ Page Language="C#" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Data"%>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

<script runat="server">
    protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        DataSet ds = CreateDataSet();
        this.gv.DataSource = ds.Tables[0];

        this.gv.DataBind();
        this.gv.HeaderRow.TableSection = TableRowSection.TableHeader;
        this.gv.FooterRow.TableSection = TableRowSection.TableFooter;
    }

    protected void OurGrid_RowCreated(object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e)
    {
        if (e.Row.RowType == DataControlRowType.Footer)
        {
            int colSpan = e.Row.Cells.Count;

            for (int i = (e.Row.Cells.Count - 1); i >= 1; i -= 1)
            {
                e.Row.Cells.RemoveAt(i);
                e.Row.Cells[0].ColumnSpan = colSpan;
            }

            HtmlAnchor link1 = new HtmlAnchor();
            link1.HRef = "#";
            link1.InnerText = "Newest Members";

            HtmlAnchor link2 = new HtmlAnchor();
            link2.HRef = "#";
            link2.InnerText = "Top Posters";

            LiteralControl l = new LiteralControl("&nbsp;");

            Panel p = new Panel();
            p.Controls.Add(link1);
            p.Controls.Add(l);
            p.Controls.Add(link2);

            e.Row.Cells[0].Controls.Add(p);

        }
    }

    private DataSet CreateDataSet()
    {
        DataTable table = new DataTable("tblLinks");
        DataColumn col;
        DataRow row;

        col = new DataColumn();
        col.DataType = Type.GetType("System.Int32");
        col.ColumnName = "ID";
        col.ReadOnly = true;
        col.Unique = true;
        table.Columns.Add(col);

        col = new DataColumn();
        col.DataType = Type.GetType("System.DateTime");
        col.ColumnName = "Date";
        col.ReadOnly = true;
        col.Unique = false;
        table.Columns.Add(col);

        col = new DataColumn();
        col.DataType = Type.GetType("System.String");
        col.ColumnName = "Url";
        col.ReadOnly = true;
        col.Unique = false;
        table.Columns.Add(col);

        DataColumn[] primaryKeysColumns = new DataColumn[1];
        primaryKeysColumns[0] = table.Columns["ID"];
        table.PrimaryKey = primaryKeysColumns;

        DataSet ds = new DataSet();
        ds.Tables.Add(table);

        row = table.NewRow();
        row["ID"] = 1;
        row["Date"] = new DateTime(2008, 11, 1);
        row["Url"] = "www.bbc.co.uk/newsitem1.html";
        table.Rows.Add(row);

        row = table.NewRow();
        row["ID"] = 2;
        row["Date"] = new DateTime(2008, 11, 1);
        row["Url"] = "www.bbc.co.uk/newsitem2.html";
        table.Rows.Add(row);

        return ds;
    }
</script>

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
    <title></title>
    <style type="text/css">
    .red
    {
         color: red;
    }
    .olive
    {
        color:Olive;
    }
    .teal
    {
        color:Teal;
    }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <form id="form1" runat="server">
    <div>
        <asp:gridview 
        id="gv" 
        autogeneratecolumns="false"
        showheader="true" 
        showfooter="true"
        summary="Here is the news!"
        caption="The Caption"
        captionalign="Top"
        alternatingrowstyle-cssclass="alt_row" 
        useaccessibleheader="true"
        onrowcreated="OurGrid_RowCreated" 
        runat="server">
        <columns>
            <asp:boundfield 
                headertext="ID" 
                headerstyle-cssclass="olive"  
                datafield="id" />
            <asp:hyperlinkfield 
                headertext="Link" 
                headerstyle-cssclass="red" 
                datanavigateurlfields="Url" 
                datanavigateurlformatstring="http://{0}" 
                datatextfield="Url" 
                datatextformatstring="http://{0}" />
            <asp:boundfield 
                headertext="Date"  
                headerstyle-cssclass="teal" 
                datafield="Date"/>
        </columns>
    </asp:gridview>
    </div>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

以上产生以下HTML：

<table cellspacing="0" 
        rules="all" 
        summary="Here is the news!" 
        border="1" 
        id="gv" 
        style="border-collapse:collapse;">

    <caption align="Top">
        The Caption
    </caption>
    <thead>
        <tr>
            <th class="olive" scope="col">ID</th>
            <th class="red" scope="col">Link</th>
            <th class="teal" scope="col">Date</th>
        </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
        <tr>
            <td>1</td>
            <td>
                <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsitem1.html">
                    http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsitem1.html
                </a>
            </td>
            <td>01/11/2008 00:00:00</td>
        </tr>
        <tr class="alt_row">
            <td>2</td>
            <td>
                <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsitem2.html">
                    http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsitem2.html
                </a>
            </td>
            <td>01/11/2008 00:00:00</td>
        </tr>
    </tbody>
    <tfoot>
        <tr>
            <td colspan="3">
                <div>
                    <a href="#">Newest Members</a>&nbsp;<a href="#">Top Posters</a>
                </div>
            </td>
        </tr>
    </tfoot>
</table>

Answer 2

看起来您可能通过使用ListView控件可以获得更多成功。这样你就可以定义标记而不是依赖GridView来做正确的事。

Answer 3

需要在数据绑定上生成页脚内容。为RowDataBound设置处理程序。逻辑看起来应该是这样的：

if (e.Row.Type == DataControlRowType.Footer)
{
// Do Work
}

要为标题指定不同的样式，请执行以下操作：

<Columns>
  <asp:BoundField DataField="PrimaryKey" HeaderText="TheKey">
    <headerstyle cssclass="Header1" />
  </asp:BoundField>
  <asp:BoundField DataField="Value" HeaderText="AValue">
    <HeaderStyle cssclass="Header2" />
  </asp:BoundField>
  <%-- ... --%>
</Columns>

对于摘要部分，您可以在GridView控件的声明中使用它。

<asp:GridView id="theGrid" runat="server" summary="The Summary" >
...
</asp:GridView>

根据您的验证设置，Visual Studio可能会对您产生影响，但它会呈现。