在Rcpp中使用(西班牙语)重音词排序地图

时间:2015-07-19 04:29:34

标签: c++ r sorting std rcpp

虽然我可以通过在std :: sort中指定UTF-8语言环境来成功地对带有重音元音的西班牙语单词进行排序,

// [[Rcpp::export]]
std::vector<std::string> sort_words(std::vector<std::string> x) {
  std::sort(x.begin(), x.end(), std::locale("en_US.UTF-8"));
  return x;
}

/*** R
words <- c("casa", "árbol", "zona", "árbol", "casa", "libro")
sort_words(words)
*/

returns (as expected):
[1] "árbol" "árbol" "casa"  "casa"  "libro" "zona"

我无法弄清楚如何对地图做同样的事情:

// slightly modified version of tableC on http://adv-r.had.co.nz/Rcpp.html
// [[Rcpp::export]]
std::map<String, int> table_words(CharacterVector x) {
  std::setlocale(LC_ALL, "en_US.UTF-8");
  // std::setlocale(LC_COLLATE, "en_US.UTF-8"); // also tried this instead of previous line
  std::map<String, int> counts;
  int n = x.size();
  for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    counts[x[i]]++;
  }
  return counts;
}

/*** R
words <- c("casa", "árbol", "zona", "árbol", "casa", "libro")
table_words(words)
*/

returns:
casa    libro   zona    árbol
    2       1       1       2

but I want:
árbol   casa    libro   zona    
    2       2       1       1

关于如何让table_words将带有重音的“árbol”放在“casa”之前,Rcpp甚至退回到R中的base::sort的任何想法?

另外,std::sort(..., std::locale("en_US.UTF-8"))我的Linux机器上的单词只有:gcc version 4.8.2(Ubuntu 4.8.2-19ubuntu1)。它在Mac 10.10.3上不起作用:Apple LLVM版本6.1.0(clang-602.0.53)(基于LLVM 3.6.0svn)。关于我的Linux编译器缺少我的Mac编译器的任何线索?

这是我的脚本和我的sessionInfo,适用于两台机器:

// [[Rcpp::plugins(cpp11)]]
#include <locale>
#include <clocale>
#include <Rcpp.h>
using namespace Rcpp;

// [[Rcpp::export]]
std::vector<std::string> sort_words(std::vector<std::string> x) {
  std::sort(x.begin(), x.end(), std::locale("en_US.UTF-8"));
  return x;
}

// [[Rcpp::export]]
std::map<String, int> table_words(CharacterVector x) {
  // std::setlocale(LC_ALL, "en_US.UTF-8"); // tried this instead of next line
  std::setlocale(LC_COLLATE, "en_US.UTF-8");
  std::map<String, int> counts;
  int n = x.size();
  for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    counts[x[i]]++;
  }
  return counts;
}

/*** R
words <- c("casa", "árbol", "zona", "árbol", "casa", "libro")
sort_words(words)
table_words(words)
sort(table_words(words), decreasing = T)
output_from_Rcpp <- table_words(words)
sort(names(output_from_Rcpp))
*/

> words <- c("casa", "árbol", "zona", "árbol", "casa", "libro")

> sort_words(words)
[1] "árbol" "árbol" "casa"  "casa"  "libro" "zona" 

> table_words(words)
 casa libro  zona árbol 
    2     1     1     2 

> sort(table_words(words), decreasing = T)
 casa árbol libro  zona 
    2     2     1     1 

> output_from_Rcpp <- table_words(words)

> sort(names(output_from_Rcpp))
[1] "árbol" "casa"  "libro" "zona" 

sessionInfo on linux machine:
R version 3.2.0 (2015-04-16)
Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit)
Running under: Ubuntu 14.04 LTS

locale:
[1] en_US.UTF-8

attached base packages:
[1] stats     graphics  grDevices utils     datasets  methods   base     

loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
[1] tools_3.2.0 Rcpp_0.11.6

sessionInfo on Mac:
R version 3.2.1 (2015-06-18)
Platform: x86_64-apple-darwin13.4.0 (64-bit)
Running under: OS X 10.10.3 (Yosemite)

locale:
[1] en_US.UTF-8

attached base packages:
[1] stats     graphics  grDevices utils     datasets  methods   base     

other attached packages:
[1] textcat_1.0-3 readr_0.1.1   rvest_0.2.0  

loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
 [1] httr_1.0.0    selectr_0.2-3 R6_2.1.0      magrittr_1.5  tools_3.2.1   curl_0.9.1    Rcpp_0.11.6   slam_0.1-32   stringi_0.5-5
[10] tau_0.0-18    stringr_1.0.0 XML_3.98-1.3 

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

std::sort上应用std::map没有意义,因为根据定义,地图 始终排序。该定义是模板实例化的具体类型的一部分。 std::map有第三个,&#34;隐藏&#34;用于对键进行排序的比较函数的类型参数,对于键类型,默认为std::less。请参阅http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/map

在您的情况下,您可以使用std::locale作为比较类型,并将std::locale("en-US")(或适合您系统的任何内容)传递给构造函数。

这是一个例子。它使用C ++ 11,但您可以在C ++ 03中轻松使用相同的解决方案。

#include <map>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <locale>
#include <exception>

using Map = std::map<std::string, int, std::locale>;

int main()
{
    try
    {
        Map map(std::locale("en-US"));
        map["casa"] = 1;
        map["árbol"] = 2;
        map["zona"] = 3;
        map["árbol"] = 4;
        map["casa"] = 5;
        map["libro"] = 6;

        for (auto const& map_entry : map)
        {
            std::cout << map_entry.first << " -> " << map_entry.second << "\n";
        }
    }
    catch (std::exception const& exc)
    {
        std::cerr << exc.what() << "\n";
    }
}

输出:

árbol -> 4
casa -> 5
libro -> 6
zona -> 3

当然,您必须意识到std::locale高度依赖于实现的事实。使用Boost.Locale可能会更好。

另一个问题是这个解决方案可能看起来很混乱,因为std::locale并不是许多程序员与比较函数关联的东西。它几乎有点太聪明了。

因此可能更具可读性:

#include <map>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <locale>
#include <exception>

struct ComparisonUsingLocale
{
    std::locale locale{ "en-US" };

    bool operator()(std::string const& lhs, std::string const& rhs) const
    {
        return locale(lhs, rhs);
    }
};

using Map = std::map<std::string, int, ComparisonUsingLocale>;

int main()
{
    try
    {
        Map map;
        map["casa"] = 1;
        map["árbol"] = 2;
        map["zona"] = 3;
        map["árbol"] = 4;
        map["casa"] = 5;
        map["libro"] = 6;

        for (auto const& map_entry : map)
        {
            std::cout << map_entry.first << " -> " << map_entry.second << "\n";
        }
    }
    catch (std::exception const& exc)
    {
        std::cerr << exc.what() << "\n";
    }
}