Question

我正在转换现有的ASP .Net Web API 2项目以使用OWIN。该项目使用Castle Windsor作为依赖注入框架，其中一个依赖项设置为使用PerWebRequest生活方式。

当我向服务器发出请求时，我收到Castle.MicroKernel.ComponentResolutionException个异常。该异常建议将以下内容添加到配置文件中的system.web/httpModules和system.WebServer/modules部分：

<add name="PerRequestLifestyle"
     type="Castle.MicroKernel.Lifestyle.PerWebRequestLifestyleModule, Castle.Windsor" />

这不能解决错误。

从SimpleInjector的OWIN集成提供的示例中汲取灵感，我尝试使用以下方法在OWIN启动类中设置范围（以及更新依赖关系的生活方式）：

appBuilder.User(async (context, next) =>
{
    using (config.DependencyResolver.BeginScope()){
    {
        await next();
    }
}

不幸的是，这也没有用。

如何使用Castle Windsor的PerWebRequest生活方式或在OWIN中模拟它？

Answer 1

根据Castle Windsor文档，您可以实现自己的自定义范围。您必须实现Castle.MicroKernel.Lifestyle.Scoped.IScopeAccessor接口。

然后在注册组件时指定范围访问器：

Container.Register(Component.For<MyScopedComponent>().LifestyleScoped<OwinWebRequestScopeAccessor >());

类OwinWebRequestScopeAccessor实现了Castle.Windsor的IScopeAccessor：

using Castle.MicroKernel.Context;
using Castle.MicroKernel.Lifestyle.Scoped;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Web.Api.Host
{
    public class OwinWebRequestScopeAccessor : IScopeAccessor
    {
        public void Dispose()
        {
            var scope = PerWebRequestLifestyleOwinMiddleware.YieldScope();
            if (scope != null)
            {
                scope.Dispose();
            }
        }

        public ILifetimeScope GetScope(CreationContext context)
        {
            return PerWebRequestLifestyleOwinMiddleware.GetScope();
        }
    }
}

您可以看到OwinWebRequestScopeAccessor将对 GetScope 和 Dispose 的调用委托给PerWebRequestLifestyleOwinMiddleware。

班级PerWebRequestLifestyleOwinMiddleware是Castle Windsor的ASP.NET IHttpModule PerWebRequestLifestyleModule的OWIN计数器部分。

这是PerWebRequestLifestyleOwinMiddleware类：

using Castle.MicroKernel;
using Castle.MicroKernel.Lifestyle.Scoped;
using Owin;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Web.Api.Host
{
    using AppFunc = Func<System.Collections.Generic.IDictionary<string, object>, System.Threading.Tasks.Task>;

    public class PerWebRequestLifestyleOwinMiddleware
    {
        private readonly AppFunc _next;
        private const string c_key = "castle.per-web-request-lifestyle-cache";
        private static bool _initialized;

        public PerWebRequestLifestyleOwinMiddleware(AppFunc next)
        {
            _next = next;
        }

        public async Task Invoke(IDictionary<string, object> environment)
        {
            var requestContext = OwinRequestScopeContext.Current;
            _initialized = true;

            try
            {
                await _next(environment);
            }
            finally
            {
                var scope = GetScope(requestContext, createIfNotPresent: false);
                if (scope != null)
                {
                    scope.Dispose();
                }
                requestContext.EndRequest();
            }
        }

        internal static ILifetimeScope GetScope()
        {
            EnsureInitialized();
            var context = OwinRequestScopeContext.Current;
            if (context == null)
            {
                throw new InvalidOperationException(typeof(OwinRequestScopeContext).FullName +".Current is null. " +
                    typeof(PerWebRequestLifestyleOwinMiddleware).FullName +" can only be used with OWIN.");
            }
            return GetScope(context, createIfNotPresent: true);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Returns current request's scope and detaches it from the request 
        /// context. Does not throw if scope or context not present. To be 
        /// used for disposing of the context.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        internal static ILifetimeScope YieldScope()
        {
            var context = OwinRequestScopeContext.Current;
            if (context == null)
            {
                return null;
            }
            var scope = GetScope(context, createIfNotPresent: false);
            if (scope != null)
            {
                context.Items.Remove(c_key);
            }
            return scope;
        }

        private static void EnsureInitialized()
        {
            if (_initialized)
            {
                return;
            }
            throw new ComponentResolutionException("Looks like you forgot to register the OWIN middleware " + typeof(PerWebRequestLifestyleOwinMiddleware).FullName);
        }

        private static ILifetimeScope GetScope(IOwinRequestScopeContext context, bool createIfNotPresent)
        {
            ILifetimeScope candidates = null;
            if (context.Items.ContainsKey(c_key))
            {
                candidates = (ILifetimeScope)context.Items[c_key];
            }
            else if (createIfNotPresent)
            {
                candidates = new DefaultLifetimeScope(new ScopeCache());
                context.Items[c_key] = candidates;
            }
            return candidates;
        }
    }

    public static class AppBuilderPerWebRequestLifestyleOwinMiddlewareExtensions
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Use <see cref="PerWebRequestLifestyleOwinMiddleware"/>.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="app">Owin app.</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static IAppBuilder UsePerWebRequestLifestyleOwinMiddleware(this IAppBuilder app)
        {
            return app.Use(typeof(PerWebRequestLifestyleOwinMiddleware));
        }
    }
}

Castle Windsor的ASP.NET IHttpModule PerWebRequestLifestyleModule利用HttpContext.Current在每个网络请求的基础上存储Castle Windsor ILifetimeScope。 PerWebRequestLifestyleOwinMiddleware班级使用OwinRequestScopeContext.Current。这是基于Yoshifumi Kawai的想法。

以下OwinRequestScopeContext的实现是我对Yoshifumi Kawai原始OwinRequestScopeContext的轻量级实现。

注意：如果你不想要这个轻量级的实现，你可以通过在NuGet包管理器控制台中运行这个命令来使用Yoshifumi Kawai的优秀原始实现：

PM> Install-Package OwinRequestScopeContext

OwinRequestScopeContext的轻量级实现：

using System;
using System.Collections.Concurrent;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.Remoting.Messaging;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Web.Api.Host
{
    public interface IOwinRequestScopeContext
    {
        IDictionary<string, object> Items { get; }
        DateTime Timestamp { get; }
        void EndRequest();
    }

    public class OwinRequestScopeContext : IOwinRequestScopeContext
    {
        const string c_callContextKey = "owin.reqscopecontext";
        private readonly DateTime _utcTimestamp = DateTime.UtcNow;
        private ConcurrentDictionary<string, object> _items = new ConcurrentDictionary<string, object>();

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the <see cref="IOwinRequestScopeContext"/> object 
        /// for the current HTTP request.
        /// </summary>
        public static IOwinRequestScopeContext Current
        {
            get
            {
                var requestContext = CallContext.LogicalGetData(c_callContextKey) as IOwinRequestScopeContext;
                if (requestContext == null)
                {
                    requestContext = new OwinRequestScopeContext();
                    CallContext.LogicalSetData(c_callContextKey, requestContext);
                }
                return requestContext;
            }
            set
            {
                CallContext.LogicalSetData(c_callContextKey, value);
            }
        }

        public void EndRequest()
        {
            CallContext.FreeNamedDataSlot(c_callContextKey);
        }

        public IDictionary<string, object> Items
        {
            get
            {
                return _items;
            }
        }

        public DateTime Timestamp
        {
            get
            {
                return _utcTimestamp.ToLocalTime();
            }
        }
    }
}

如果你有所有的部件，你可以把事情搞定。在您的OWIN启动类中，调用appBuilder.UsePerWebRequestLifestyleOwinMiddleware();扩展方法来注册上面定义的OWIN中间件。在appBuilder.UseWebApi(config);：

之前执行此操作

using Owin;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Web.Http;
using System.Diagnostics;
using Castle.Windsor;
using System.Web.Http.Dispatcher;
using System.Web.Http.Tracing;

namespace Web.Api.Host
{
    class Startup
    {
        private readonly IWindsorContainer _container;

        public Startup()
        {
            _container = new WindsorContainer().Install(new WindsorInstaller());
        }

        public void Configuration(IAppBuilder appBuilder)
        {
            var properties = new Microsoft.Owin.BuilderProperties.AppProperties(appBuilder.Properties);
            var token = properties.OnAppDisposing;
            if (token != System.Threading.CancellationToken.None)
            {
                token.Register(Close);
            }

            appBuilder.UsePerWebRequestLifestyleOwinMiddleware();

            //
            // Configure Web API for self-host. 
            //
            HttpConfiguration config = new HttpConfiguration();
            WebApiConfig.Register(config);
            appBuilder.UseWebApi(config);
        }

        public void Close()
        {
            if (_container != null)
                _container.Dispose();
        }
    }
}

示例WindsorInstaller类显示了如何使用OWIN per-web-request范围：

using Castle.MicroKernel.Registration;
using Castle.MicroKernel.SubSystems.Configuration;
using Castle.Windsor;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Web.Api.Host
{
    class WindsorInstaller : IWindsorInstaller
    {
        public void Install(IWindsorContainer container, IConfigurationStore store)
        {
            container.Register(Component
                .For<IPerWebRequestDependency>()
                .ImplementedBy<PerWebRequestDependency>()
                .LifestyleScoped<OwinWebRequestScopeAccessor>());

            container.Register(Component
                .For<Controllers.V1.TestController>()
                .LifeStyle.Transient);
        }
    }
}

我上面列出的解决方案基于现有的/src/Castle.Windsor/MicroKernel/Lifestyle/PerWebRequestLifestyleModule.cs和Yoshifumi Kawai的原始OwinRequestScopeContext。

Answer 2

我尝试实现here，但发现在我们使用ASP.NET MVC控制器方法后它还没有工作。

这是一个更简单的解决方案：

首先，创建一些位于管道起点的Owin中间件并创建DefaultLifetimeScope

public class WebRequestLifestyleMiddleware : OwinMiddleware
{
    public const string EnvironmentKey = "WindsorOwinScope";

    public WebRequestLifestyleMiddleware(OwinMiddleware next) : base(next)
    {
    }

    public override async Task Invoke(IOwinContext context)
    {
        ILifetimeScope lifetimeScope = new DefaultLifetimeScope();
        context.Environment[EnvironmentKey] = lifetimeScope;
        try
        {
            await this.Next.Invoke(context);
        }
        finally
        {
            context.Environment.Remove(EnvironmentKey);
            lifetimeScope.Dispose();
        }
    }
}

在启动配置中将其插入管道的开头：

public void Configure(IAppBuilder appBuilder)
{
    appBuilder.Use<WebRequestLifestyleMiddleware>();

    //
    // Further configuration
    //
}

现在，您创建一个实现IScopeAccessor的类，并获取WebRequestLifestyleMiddleware推入环境的范围：

public class OwinWebRequestScopeAccessor : IScopeAccessor
{
    void IDisposable.Dispose() { }

    ILifetimeScope IScopeAccessor.GetScope(CreationContext context)
    {
        IOwinContext owinContext = HttpContext.Current.GetOwinContext();
        string key = WebRequestLifestyleMiddleware.EnvironmentKey;
        return owinContext.Environment[key] as ILifetimeScope;
    }
}

最后，在注册组件生命周期时使用此范围访问器。例如，我有一个名为AccessCodeProvider的自定义组件，我想在一个请求中重复使用它：

container.Register(
      Component.For<AccessCodeProvider>()
               .LifestyleScoped<OwinRequestScopeAccessor>()
);

在这种情况下，AccessCodeProvider将在请求中第一次被请求时创建，然后在整个Web请求中重复使用，最后在WebRequestLifestyleMiddleware调用{{1}时被处理掉}}

Answer 3

我在Web api应用程序中创建了PerScope生活方式，它使用owin中间件和城堡windsor作为应用程序的IoC。

首先让我们将我们的windsor容器作为web api应用程序的IoC，如下所示：

    public class WindsorHttpDependencyResolver : IDependencyResolver
    {
        private readonly IWindsorContainer container;

        public WindsorHttpDependencyResolver(IWindsorContainer container)
        {
            if (container == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("container");
            }
            this.container = container;
        }

        public object GetService(Type t)
        {
            return this.container.Kernel.HasComponent(t)
             ? this.container.Resolve(t) : null;
        }

        public IEnumerable<object> GetServices(Type t)
        {
            return this.container.ResolveAll(t).Cast<object>().ToArray();
        }

        public IDependencyScope BeginScope()
        {
            return new WindsorDependencyScope(this.container);
        }

        public void Dispose()
        {
        }
    }//end WindsorHttpDependencyResolver 

  public class WindsorDependencyScope : IDependencyScope
    {
        private readonly IWindsorContainer container;
        private readonly IDisposable scope;

        public WindsorDependencyScope(IWindsorContainer container)
        {
            if (container == null)
                throw new ArgumentNullException("container");

            this.container = container;
        }

        public object GetService(Type t)
        {
            return this.container.Kernel.HasComponent(t)
                ? this.container.Resolve(t) : null;
        }

        public IEnumerable<object> GetServices(Type t)
        {
            return this.container.ResolveAll(t).Cast<object>().ToArray();
        }

        public void Dispose()
        {
            this.scope?.Dispose();
        }
    }

然后在应用程序启动期间让我们注册它：

container.Register(Component.For<System.Web.Http.Dependencies.IDependencyResolver>().ImplementedBy<WindsorHttpDependencyResolver>().LifestyleSingleton());

现在在第一个中间件（将是第一个和最后一个中间件将被执行）内部让我们在新请求到达我们的web api时开始范围，并在它结束时将其处理如下：

public class StartinMiddleware : OwinMiddleware
{

    public StartinMiddleware(OwinMiddleware next) : base(next)
    {
        if (next == null)
        {
            throw new ArgumentNullException("next");
        }
    }


    public override async Task Invoke(IOwinContext context)
    {

        this.Log().Info("Begin request");
        IDisposable scope = null;            
        try
        {
            // here we are using IoCResolverFactory which returns 
            // the instance of IoC container(which will be singleton for the 
            // whole application)
            var ioCResolver= IoCResolverFactory.GetOrCreate();
            //here we are starting new scope
            scope = ioCResolver.BeginScope();

            await Next.Invoke(context);

            this.Log().Info("End request");
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        { 
          //here you can log exceptions
        }
        finally
        {
            //here we are desposing scope
            scope?.Dispose();
        }
    }
}

IoC工厂的代码将是这样的：

public static class IoCResolverFactory
{
    public static IoCResolver iocResolver;

    public static IoCResolver GetOrCreate()
    {
        if (iocResolver != null)
            return iocResolver;

        iocResolver = new IoCResolver();
        return iocResolver;
    }
}// end IoCResolverFactory

public class IoCResolver
{
    private static WindsorContainer container;

    public IoCResolver()
    {
        container = new WindsorContainer();

        container.Register(Component.For<IoCResolver>().Instance(this).LifestyleSingleton());
        container.Register(Component.For<IWindsorContainer>().Instance(container).LifestyleSingleton());
    }


    public IDisposable BeginScope()
    {
        return container.BeginScope();
    }


    public IDisposable GetCurrentScope()
    {
        return Castle.MicroKernel.Lifestyle.Scoped.CallContextLifetimeScope.ObtainCurrentScope();
    }


    public T Resolve<T>()
    {
        return container.Resolve<T>();
    }

    public IList<T> ResolveAll<T>()
    {
        return container.ResolveAll<T>();
    }

    public void Dispose()
    {
        container.Dispose();
    }
}

在启动期间注册服务时，您可以注册它们以按照以下范围解决：

container.Register(Component.For<ICurrentRequestService>().ImplementedBy<CurrentRequestService>().LifestyleScoped());

如何在OWIN中使用Castle Windsor的PerWebRequest生活方式

3 个答案: