Question

我有一个WCF服务方法，它返回一个大小为2 mb的大字节[]数组。但是，当我从WcfTestClient运行该方法时，我得到以下异常。

System.InsufficientMemoryException
Failed to allocate a managed memory buffer of 536870912 bytes. The amount of available memory may be low.

我在谷歌上搜索过，人们似乎有这个问题，但我很难找到任何解决方案，其实际原因是为什么它首先尝试创建如此巨大的缓冲区？

以下是我的配置设置。我设置了maxItemsInObjectGraph =“2147483647”，否则它会抛出异常。其余的很简单，我想。

服务器

  <system.serviceModel>
    <services>
      <service behaviorConfiguration="Wcf.ServiceBehavior"
        name="Wcf.WcfService">
        <endpoint address="" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="Wcf.IWcfService">
          <identity>
            <dns value="localhost" />
          </identity>
        </endpoint>
        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" />
      </service>
    </services>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="Wcf.ServiceBehavior">
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" />
          <dataContractSerializer maxItemsInObjectGraph="2147483647" />
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>

    <diagnostics>    
      <messageLogging maxMessagesToLog="30000"    
              logEntireMessage="true"    
              logMessagesAtServiceLevel="true"    
              logMalformedMessages="true"    
              logMessagesAtTransportLevel="true">    
      </messageLogging>    
    </diagnostics>
  </system.serviceModel>

WcfTestClient配置这是使用WcfTestClient加载的默认配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
    <system.serviceModel>
        <bindings>
            <wsHttpBinding>
                <binding name="WSHttpBinding_IWcfService" closeTimeout="00:01:00"
                    openTimeout="00:01:00" receiveTimeout="00:10:00" sendTimeout="00:01:00"
                    bypassProxyOnLocal="false" transactionFlow="false" hostNameComparisonMode="StrongWildcard"
                    maxBufferPoolSize="524288" maxReceivedMessageSize="65536"
                    messageEncoding="Text" textEncoding="utf-8" useDefaultWebProxy="true"
                    allowCookies="false">
                    <readerQuotas maxDepth="32" maxStringContentLength="8192" maxArrayLength="16384"
                        maxBytesPerRead="4096" maxNameTableCharCount="16384" />
                    <reliableSession ordered="true" inactivityTimeout="00:10:00"
                        enabled="false" />
                    <security mode="Message">
                        <transport clientCredentialType="Windows" proxyCredentialType="None"
                            realm="" />
                        <message clientCredentialType="Windows" negotiateServiceCredential="true"
                            algorithmSuite="Default" />
                    </security>
                </binding>
            </wsHttpBinding>
        </bindings>
        <client>
            <endpoint address="http://localhost:4151/Service1.svc" binding="wsHttpBinding"
                bindingConfiguration="WSHttpBinding_IWcfService" contract="IWcfService"
                name="WSHttpBinding_IWcfService">
                <identity>
                    <dns value="localhost" />
                </identity>
            </endpoint>
        </client>
    </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

以下是Stack Trace

的异常

    <E2ETraceEvent xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2004/06/E2ETraceEvent">

  <System xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2004/06/windows/eventlog/system">

    <EventID>131075</EventID>
    <Type>3</Type>
    <SubType Name="Error">0</SubType>
    <Level>2</Level>
    <TimeCreated SystemTime="2010-06-29T09:18:23.9616589Z" />
    <Source Name="System.ServiceModel" />
    <Correlation ActivityID="{7870ff09-e268-4e9d-a692-389fd03db1aa}" />
    <Execution ProcessName="WebDev.WebServer20" ProcessID="4812"
    ThreadID="17" />
    <Channel />
    <Computer>PC-008915</Computer>
  </System>
  <ApplicationData>
    <TraceData>
      <DataItem>
        <TraceRecord xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2004/10/E2ETraceEvent/TraceRecord"
        Severity="Error">
          <TraceIdentifier>
          http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-GB/library/System.ServiceModel.Diagnostics.ThrowingException.aspx</TraceIdentifier>
          <Description>Throwing an exception.</Description>
          <AppDomain>5ab4f443-1-129222741421051645</AppDomain>
          <Exception>
            <ExceptionType>System.InsufficientMemoryException,
            mscorlib, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral,
            PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089</ExceptionType>
            <Message>Failed to allocate a managed memory buffer of
            536870912 bytes. The amount of available memory may be
            low.</Message>
            <StackTrace>at
            System.ServiceModel.Diagnostics.Utility.AllocateByteArray(Int32
            size) at
            System.ServiceModel.Channels.BufferManager.GCBufferManager.TakeBuffer(Int32
            bufferSize) at
            System.ServiceModel.Channels.BufferedOutputStream.AllocNextChunk(Int32
            minimumChunkSize) at
            System.ServiceModel.Channels.BufferedOutputStream.WriteCore(Byte[]
            buffer, Int32 offset, Int32 size) at
            System.ServiceModel.Channels.BufferedOutputStream.Write(Byte[]
            buffer, Int32 offset, Int32 size) at
            System.Xml.XmlStreamNodeWriter.FlushBuffer() at
            System.Xml.XmlStreamNodeWriter.GetBuffer(Int32 count,
            Int32&amp; offset) at
            System.Xml.XmlStreamNodeWriter.UnsafeWriteUTF8Chars(Char*
            chars, Int32 charCount) at
            System.Xml.XmlStreamNodeWriter.WriteUTF8Chars(String
            value) at
            System.Xml.XmlUTF8NodeWriter.WriteEndElement(String
            prefix, String localName) at
            System.Xml.XmlSigningNodeWriter.WriteEndElement(String
            prefix, String localName) at
            System.Xml.XmlBaseWriter.WriteEndElement() at
            System.Runtime.Serialization.XmlObjectSerializerWriteContext.WriteString(XmlWriterDelegator
            xmlWriter, String value, XmlDictionaryString name,
            XmlDictionaryString ns) at
            WritePropertyDtoToXml(XmlWriterDelegator , Object ,
            XmlObjectSerializerWriteContext , ClassDataContract )
            at
            System.Runtime.Serialization.ClassDataContract.WriteXmlValue(XmlWriterDelegator
            xmlWriter, Object obj, XmlObjectSerializerWriteContext
            context) at
            System.Runtime.Serialization.XmlObjectSerializerWriteContext.WriteDataContractValue(DataContract
            dataContract, XmlWriterDelegator xmlWriter, Object obj,
            RuntimeTypeHandle declaredTypeHandle) at
            System.Runtime.Serialization.XmlObjectSerializerWriteContext.SerializeWithoutXsiType(DataContract
            dataContract, XmlWriterDelegator xmlWriter, Object obj,
            RuntimeTypeHandle declaredTypeHandle) at
            System.Runtime.Serialization.XmlObjectSerializerWriteContext.InternalSerialize(XmlWriterDelegator
            xmlWriter, Object obj, Boolean isDeclaredType, Boolean
            writeXsiType, Int32 declaredTypeID, RuntimeTypeHandle
            declaredTypeHandle) at
            WriteArrayOfPropertyDtoToXml(XmlWriterDelegator ,
            Object , XmlObjectSerializerWriteContext ,
            CollectionDataContract ) at
            System.Runtime.Serialization.CollectionDataContract.WriteXmlValue(XmlWriterDelegator
            xmlWriter, Object obj, XmlObjectSerializerWriteContext
            context) at
            System.Runtime.Serialization.XmlObjectSerializerWriteContext.WriteDataContractValue(DataContract
            dataContract, XmlWriterDelegator xmlWriter, Object obj,
            RuntimeTypeHandle declaredTypeHandle) at
            System.Runtime.Serialization.XmlObjectSerializerWriteContext.SerializeWithoutXsiType(DataContract
            dataContract, XmlWriterDelegator xmlWriter, Object obj,
            RuntimeTypeHandle declaredTypeHandle) at
            System.Runtime.Serialization.XmlObjectSerializerWriteContext.InternalSerialize(XmlWriterDelegator
            xmlWriter, Object obj, Boolean isDeclaredType, Boolean
            writeXsiType, Int32 declaredTypeID, RuntimeTypeHandle
            declaredTypeHandle) at
            System.Runtime.Serialization.XmlObjectSerializerWriteContext.InternalSerializeReference(XmlWriterDelegator
            xmlWriter, Object obj, Boolean isDeclaredType, Boolean
            writeXsiType, Int32 declaredTypeID, RuntimeTypeHandle
            declaredTypeHandle) at
            WriteEntityTypeDtoToXml(XmlWriterDelegator , Object ,
            XmlObjectSerializerWriteContext , ClassDataContract )
            at
            System.Runtime.Serialization.ClassDataContract.WriteXmlValue(XmlWriterDelegator
            xmlWriter, Object obj, XmlObjectSerializerWriteContext
            context) at
            System.Runtime.Serialization.XmlObjectSerializerWriteContext.WriteDataContractValue(DataContract
            dataContract, XmlWriterDelegator xmlWriter, Object obj,
            RuntimeTypeHandle declaredTypeHandle) at
            System.Runtime.Serialization.XmlObjectSerializerWriteContext.SerializeWithoutXsiType(DataContract
            dataContract, XmlWriterDelegator xmlWriter, Object obj,
            RuntimeTypeHandle declaredTypeHandle) at
            System.Runtime.Serialization.XmlObjectSerializerWriteContext.InternalSerialize(XmlWriterDelegator
            xmlWriter, Object obj, Boolean isDeclaredType, Boolean
            writeXsiType, Int32 declaredTypeID, RuntimeTypeHandle
            declaredTypeHandle) at
            System.Runtime.Serialization.XmlObjectSerializerWriteContext.InternalSerializeReference(XmlWriterDelegator
            xmlWriter, Object obj, Boolean isDeclaredType, Boolean
            writeXsiType, Int32 declaredTypeID, RuntimeTypeHandle
            declaredTypeHandle) at
            WriteNodeTypeDtoToXml(XmlWriterDelegator , Object ,
            XmlObjectSerializerWriteContext , ClassDataContract )
            at
            System.Runtime.Serialization.ClassDataContract.WriteXmlValue(XmlWriterDelegator
            xmlWriter, Object obj, XmlObjectSerializerWriteContext
            context) at
            System.Runtime.Serialization.XmlObjectSerializerWriteContext.WriteDataContractValue(DataContract
            dataContract, XmlWriterDelegator xmlWriter, Object obj,
            RuntimeTypeHandle declaredTypeHandle) at
            System.Runtime.Serialization.XmlObjectSerializerWriteContext.SerializeWithoutXsiType(DataContract
            dataContract, XmlWriterDelegator xmlWriter, Object obj,
            RuntimeTypeHandle declaredTypeHandle) at
            System.Runtime.Serialization.XmlObjectSerializerWriteContext.InternalSerialize(XmlWriterDelegator
            xmlWriter, Object obj, Boolean isDeclaredType, Boolean
            writeXsiType, Int32 declaredTypeID, RuntimeTypeHandle
            declaredTypeHandle) at
            WriteArrayOfNodeTypeDtoToXml(XmlWriterDelegator ,
            Object , XmlObjectSerializerWriteContext ,
            CollectionDataContract ) at
            System.Runtime.Serialization.CollectionDataContract.WriteXmlValue(XmlWriterDelegator
            xmlWriter, Object obj, XmlObjectSerializerWriteContext
            context) at
            System.Runtime.Serialization.XmlObjectSerializerWriteContext.WriteDataContractValue(DataContract
            dataContract, XmlWriterDelegator xmlWriter, Object obj,
            RuntimeTypeHandle declaredTypeHandle) at
            System.Runtime.Serialization.XmlObjectSerializerWriteContext.SerializeWithoutXsiType(DataContract
            dataContract, XmlWriterDelegator xmlWriter, Object obj,
            RuntimeTypeHandle declaredTypeHandle) at
            System.Runtime.Serialization.DataContractSerializer.InternalWriteObjectContent(XmlWriterDelegator
            writer, Object graph) at
            System.Runtime.Serialization.DataContractSerializer.InternalWriteObject(XmlWriterDelegator
            writer, Object graph) at
            System.Runtime.Serialization.XmlObjectSerializer.WriteObjectHandleExceptions(XmlWriterDelegator
            writer, Object graph) at
            System.Runtime.Serialization.XmlObjectSerializer.WriteObject(XmlDictionaryWriter
            writer, Object graph) at
            System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.DataContractSerializerOperationFormatter.SerializeParameterPart(XmlDictionaryWriter
            writer, PartInfo part, Object graph) at
            System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.DataContractSerializerOperationFormatter.SerializeParameter(XmlDictionaryWriter
            writer, PartInfo part, Object graph) at
            System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.DataContractSerializerOperationFormatter.SerializeBody(XmlDictionaryWriter
            writer, MessageVersion version, String action,
            MessageDescription messageDescription, Object
            returnValue, Object[] parameters, Boolean isRequest) at
            System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.OperationFormatter.SerializeBodyContents(XmlDictionaryWriter
            writer, MessageVersion version, Object[] parameters,
            Object returnValue, Boolean isRequest) at
            System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.OperationFormatter.OperationFormatterMessage.OperationFormatterBodyWriter.OnWriteBodyContents(XmlDictionaryWriter
            writer) at
            System.ServiceModel.Channels.BodyWriter.WriteBodyContents(XmlDictionaryWriter
            writer) at
            System.ServiceModel.Channels.BodyWriterMessage.OnWriteBodyContents(XmlDictionaryWriter
            writer) at
            System.ServiceModel.Channels.Message.WriteBodyContents(XmlDictionaryWriter
            writer) at
            System.ServiceModel.Security.SecurityAppliedMessage.WriteBodyToSignThenEncryptWithFragments(Stream
            stream, Boolean includeComments, String[]
            inclusivePrefixes, EncryptedData encryptedData,
            SymmetricAlgorithm algorithm, XmlDictionaryWriter
            writer) at
            System.ServiceModel.Security.WSSecurityOneDotZeroSendSecurityHeader.ApplyBodySecurity(XmlDictionaryWriter
            writer, IPrefixGenerator prefixGenerator) at
            System.ServiceModel.Security.SecurityAppliedMessage.OnWriteMessage(XmlDictionaryWriter
            writer) at
            System.ServiceModel.Channels.Message.WriteMessage(XmlDictionaryWriter
            writer) at
            System.ServiceModel.Channels.BufferedMessageWriter.WriteMessage(Message
            message, BufferManager bufferManager, Int32
            initialOffset, Int32 maxSizeQuota) at
            System.ServiceModel.Channels.TextMessageEncoderFactory.TextMessageEncoder.WriteMessage(Message
            message, Int32 maxMessageSize, BufferManager
            bufferManager, Int32 messageOffset) at
            System.ServiceModel.Channels.HttpOutput.SerializeBufferedMessage(Message
            message) at
            System.ServiceModel.Channels.HttpOutput.Send(TimeSpan
            timeout) at
            System.ServiceModel.Channels.HttpRequestContext.OnReply(Message
            message, TimeSpan timeout) at
            System.ServiceModel.Activation.HostedHttpContext.OnReply(Message
            message, TimeSpan timeout) at
            System.ServiceModel.Channels.RequestContextBase.Reply(Message
            message, TimeSpan timeout) at
            System.ServiceModel.Security.SecuritySessionServerSettings.SecuritySessionRequestContext.OnReply(Message
            message, TimeSpan timeout) at
            System.ServiceModel.Channels.RequestContextBase.Reply(Message
            message, TimeSpan timeout) at
            System.ServiceModel.Channels.RequestContextBase.Reply(Message
            message) at
            System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ImmutableDispatchRuntime.Reply(MessageRpc&amp;
            rpc) at
            System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ImmutableDispatchRuntime.ProcessMessageCleanup(MessageRpc&amp;
            rpc) at
            System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ImmutableDispatchRuntime.ProcessMessage5(MessageRpc&amp;
            rpc) at
            System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ImmutableDispatchRuntime.ProcessMessage4(MessageRpc&amp;
            rpc) at
            System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ImmutableDispatchRuntime.ProcessMessage3(MessageRpc&amp;
            rpc) at
            System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ImmutableDispatchRuntime.ProcessMessage2(MessageRpc&amp;
            rpc) at
            System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ImmutableDispatchRuntime.ProcessMessage1(MessageRpc&amp;
            rpc) at
            System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.MessageRpc.Process(Boolean
            isOperationContextSet) at
            System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ImmutableDispatchRuntime.Dispatch(MessageRpc&amp;
            rpc, Boolean isOperationContextSet) at
            System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ChannelHandler.DispatchAndReleasePump(RequestContext
            request, Boolean cleanThread, OperationContext
            currentOperationContext) at
            System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ChannelHandler.HandleRequest(RequestContext
            request, OperationContext currentOperationContext) at
            System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ChannelHandler.AsyncMessagePump(IAsyncResult
            result) at
            System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ChannelHandler.OnContinueAsyncReceive(Object
            state) at
            System.ServiceModel.Channels.IOThreadScheduler.CriticalHelper.WorkItem.Invoke2()
            at
            System.ServiceModel.Channels.IOThreadScheduler.CriticalHelper.WorkItem.OnSecurityContextCallback(Object
            o) at
            System.Security.SecurityContext.Run(SecurityContext
            securityContext, ContextCallback callback, Object
            state) at
            System.ServiceModel.Channels.IOThreadScheduler.CriticalHelper.WorkItem.Invoke()
            at
            System.ServiceModel.Channels.IOThreadScheduler.CriticalHelper.ProcessCallbacks()
            at
            System.ServiceModel.Channels.IOThreadScheduler.CriticalHelper.CompletionCallback(Object
            state) at
            System.ServiceModel.Channels.IOThreadScheduler.CriticalHelper.ScheduledOverlapped.IOCallback(UInt32
            errorCode, UInt32 numBytes, NativeOverlapped*
            nativeOverlapped) at
            System.ServiceModel.Diagnostics.Utility.IOCompletionThunk.UnhandledExceptionFrame(UInt32
            error, UInt32 bytesRead, NativeOverlapped*
            nativeOverlapped) at
            System.Threading._IOCompletionCallback.PerformIOCompletionCallback(UInt32
            errorCode, UInt32 numBytes, NativeOverlapped*
            pOVERLAP)</StackTrace>
            <ExceptionString>System.InsufficientMemoryException:
            Failed to allocate a managed memory buffer of 536870912
            bytes. The amount of available memory may be low.
            ---&gt; System.OutOfMemoryException: Exception of type
            'System.OutOfMemoryException' was thrown. at
            System.ServiceModel.Diagnostics.Utility.AllocateByteArray(Int32
            size) --- End of inner exception stack trace
            ---</ExceptionString>
            <InnerException>
              <ExceptionType>System.OutOfMemoryException, mscorlib,
              Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral,
              PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089</ExceptionType>
              <Message>Exception of type
              'System.OutOfMemoryException' was thrown.</Message>
              <StackTrace>at
              System.ServiceModel.Diagnostics.Utility.AllocateByteArray(Int32
              size)</StackTrace>
              <ExceptionString>System.OutOfMemoryException:
              Exception of type 'System.OutOfMemoryException' was
              thrown. at
              System.ServiceModel.Diagnostics.Utility.AllocateByteArray(Int32
              size)</ExceptionString>
            </InnerException>
          </Exception>
        </TraceRecord>
      </DataItem>
    </TraceData>
  </ApplicationData>
</E2ETraceEvent>

等待纳比尔

Answer 1

你确定你的字节数组只有大约2MB吗？从您发布的异常消息看来，缓冲区中的消息似乎接近0.5GB（536870912字节）。这个错误是否一直发生？您是否在此时运行多个服务呼叫？

还要明白，当使用带有Message Security的WSHttpBinding时，整个消息都会被缓冲。我的理解是这样做是为了在一个块中加密整个消息，以便可以在头部中提供相应的细节。换句话说，标头需要消息的长度，这在加密完成之前是未知的。

请参阅我的相关问题，我问How to best transfer large payloads of data using wsHttp with WCF with message security。

Answer 2

我们的应用程序池设置为每0分钟回收一次（不回收）。将其更改回1740并手动回收池后，错误就消失了。我认为应用程序池用完了可用/已提交的内存，如果所有对象都没有在.NET中正确处理，则返回该消息

Answer 3

我们也有完全相同的问题。试图下载一个只有15mb的文件，内存使用量飙升到大约1GB。这导致服务器上的内存异常。我们的解决方案非常简单。数据契约实现了ByteArray的ICollection。当我们将其更改为Byte []时，问题就消失了，内存使用率又恢复正常。显然，序列化过程无法有效地处理ICollection类型。

Wcf System.InsufficientMemoryException。无法分配536870912字节的托管内存缓冲区

3 个答案: