如果QStateMachine中的转换成功,则从类中发出信号

时间:2015-07-13 14:05:20

标签: c++ qt state-machine qstatemachine

我的问题如下:我需要创建包含QStateMachine实例的类。这个班级应该有插槽,你可以通过这些插槽来询问"状态机转换到另一个状态。如果过渡成功,我的班级应该发出关于它的信号。我该如何实现?类应该具有根据某个槽调用发出某些信号的能力。 这是一个小类的例子:

class MyClass : public QObject
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    explicit MyClass(QObject *parent = 0)
    {
        mStateMachine = new QStateMachine(this);
        QState *s1 = new QState(mStateMachine);
        QState *s2 = new QState(mStateMachine);
        QState *s3 = new QState(mStateMachine);

        s1->addTransition(); // Transition to s2
        s2->addTransition(); // Transition to s3
        s3->addTransition(); // Transition to s1

        mStateMachine->setInitialState(s1);
        mStateMachine->start();
    }

signals:
    toS1();
    toS2();
    toS3();

public slots:
    slotToS1()
    {
        /* post event to state machine about
        transition to state s1,
        if transition was successful,
        then emit toS1() signal. */
    };
    slotToS2(){ /* Similar to slotToS1 */};
    slotToS3(){ /* Similar to slotToS1 */};
private:
    QStateMachine *mStateMachine;
}

我非常感谢你的帮助!

UPD:
插槽代表不同类型的转换,因此外部类(将使用MyClass)可以“问”'为了一些过渡。因此,插槽将事件或信号发送到状态机,它查看事件或信号,并且(如果处于正确状态)进行此转换。而且我想通过某些信号通知外部类,在插槽(转换)成功完成之前询问。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

  1. 要转换插槽调用,您需要以某种方式将插槽绑定到QAbstractTransition。有两种方法:

    • 使用QEventTransition并发送相关事件以触发它。

    • 使用QSignalTransition并使用内部信号触发它。

  2. 要在状态转换时发出信号,您可以将QAbstractTransition::triggeredQState::enteredQState::exited信号连接到其他信号。请记住,在Qt中,连接目标可以是插槽或信号。

  3. 因此,使用信号转换:

    class MyClass : public QObject
    {
      Q_OBJECT
      QStateMachine machine;
      QState s1, s2;
      Q_SIGNAL void s_go_s1_s2();
      Q_SIGNAL void s_go_s2_s1();
    public:
      Q_SIGNAL void transitioned_s1_s2();
      Q_SIGNAL void transitioned_s2_s1();
      Q_SLOT void go_s2_s1() { emit s_go_s2_s1(); }
      Q_SLOT void go_s1_s2() { emit s_go_s1_s2(); }
      explicit MyClass(QObject *parent = 0) : QObject(parent),
        s1(&machine), s2(&machine) {
        auto s1_s2 = s1.addTransition(this, SIGNAL(s_go_s1_s2()), &s2);
        auto s2_s1 = s2.addTransition(this, SIGNAL(s_go_s2_s1()), &s1);
        machine.setInitialState(&s1);
        machine.start();
        connect(s1_s2, &QAbstractTransition::triggered, this, &MyClass:: transitioned_s1_s2);
        connect(s2_s1, &QAbstractTransition::triggered, this, &MyClass:: transitioned_s2_s1);
      }
    }
    

    使用事件转换有点困难,因为您使用的事件必须可由状态机克隆。核心模块的状态机只知道如何克隆NoneTimer事件 - 请参阅其cloneEvent实现。

    小部件模块添加了对各种GUI / Widgets事件的支持 - 请参阅那里的cloneEvent实现。你可以在紧要关头,根据自己的目的使用这样的GUI事件 - 毕竟,它们被发送到一个不以特殊方式解释它们的普通QObject

    您可以提供自己的cloneEvent实施方案,与其他实施方案相关联。

    #include <private/qstatemachine_p.h>
    
    class MyClass : public QObject
    {
      Q_OBJECT
      QStateMachine machine;
      QState s1, s2;
      QEvent e_s1_s2, e_s2_s1;
      QEventTransition s1_s2, s2_s1;
    public:
      Q_SIGNAL void transitioned_s1_s2();
      Q_SIGNAL void transitioned_s2_s1();
      Q_SLOT void go_s2_s1() { QCoreApplication::sendEvent(this, &e_s2_s1); }
      Q_SLOT void go_s1_s2() { QCoreApplication::sendEvent(this, &e_s1_s2); }
      explicit MyClass(QObject *parent = 0) : QObject(parent),
        s1(&machine), s2(&machine),
        e_s1_s2((QEvent::Type)(QEvent::User + 1)),
        e_s2_s1((QEvent::Type)(QEvent::User + 2)),
        s1_s2(this, e_s1_s2.type()),
        s2_s1(this, e_s2_s1.type()) {
        s1_s2.setTargetState(&s2);
        s2_s1.setTargetState(&s1);
        s1.addTransition(&s1_s2);
        s2.addTransition(&s2_s1);
        machine.setInitialState(&s1);
        machine.start();
        connect(&s1_s2, &QAbstractTransition::triggered, this, &MyClass::transitioned_s1_s2);
        connect(&s2_s1, &QAbstractTransition::triggered, this, &MyClass::transitioned_s2_s1);
      }
    }
    
    static const QStateMachinePrivate::Handler * last_handler = 0;
    
    static QEvent * cloneEvent(QEvent * e) {
      if (e->type() >= QEvent::User && e->type() < QEvent::User+100) {
        return new QEvent(e->type());
      return last_handler->cloneEvent(e);
    }
    
    const QStateMachinePrivate::Handler our_handler = {
        cloneEvent
    };
    
    void registerHandler() {
      last_handler = QStateMachinePrivate::handler;
      QStateMachinePrivate::handler = &our_handler;
    }
    Q_CONSTRUCTOR_FUNCTION(registerHandler())
    
    void unregisterHandler() {
      QStateMachinePrivate::handler = last_handler;
    
    }
    Q_DESTRUCTOR_FUNCTION(unregisterHandler())
    

答案 1 :(得分:2)

我过去遇到过同样的问题,我发现最简单的方法是使用自己的QState类继承fom QState,并实现2个名为QState :: onEntry的方法(QEvent * event)QState :: onExit(QEvent *事件)

这样,您可以在退出时和进入新状态时发出任何您喜欢的信号。

以下是示例:

文件mystate.h

#include <QState>

    class MyState : public QState
    {
        Q_OBJECT
    public:
        explicit MyState(qint32 stateId, QState * parent = 0);

    protected:
        void onEntry(QEvent * event);
        void onExit(QEvent * event);

    signals:
        void exit(qint32 stateId);
        void enter(qint32 stateId);

    private:

        qint32 stateId;

    };

并提交mystate.cpp

#include "mystate.h"


MyState::MyState(qint32 stateId, QState *parent)
{
    this->stateId = stateId;
}

void MyState::onEntry(QEvent *event)
{
    emit enter(stateId);
}

void MyState::onExit(QEvent *event)
{
    emit (exit(stateId));
}