下划线mixin和下面的函数以两种不同的方式完成相同的事情,它们获得数组的所有对。我想知道如何创建一个函数(闭包?),它允许我传递多少“对”或我想要的数组项分组,而不是每次都嵌套for loops
或range-maps
。
getPairs: function(arr){
return _.chain(_.range(arr.length))
.map(function(setOne){
return _.chain(_.range(arr.length))
.map(function(setTwo){
return [
arr[setOne],
arr[setTwo],
]
})
.value()
})
.value()
}
function getPairs(arr){
var pairs = []
for(var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++){
for(var p = 0; p < arr.length; p++){
var pair = [
arr[i],
arr[p],
]
pairs.push()
}
}
return pairs
}
答案 0 :(得分:0)
由于这个问题更多的是关于算法的实现,我使用Swift来实现它:
// provide 2 parameters, an array and the size of one group of elements
// [[T]] means an array of an array of type T (placeholder for anything)
func getPair<T>(array: [T], pairCount: Int) -> [[T]] {
if pairCount <= 1 {
// puts each element of array in a separate array:
// [3, 6, 7] -> [[3], [6], [7]]
return array.map{ [$0] }
}
// returns a flattened array of all possible element combinations
// flatMap: array gets mapped to all other possible combinations of one less than pairCount and gets flattened/concatenated
// el1: element of the array which can be used in the closure
return array.flatMap{ el1 in
// smaller pairs are mapped to bigger ones
// el2: element of the smaller pairs (one small pair) which can be used in the closure
return getPair(array, pairCount - 1).map{ el2 in
return [el1] + el2
}
}
}
正如你所看到的,这个递归函数在代码行方面是非常有效的,但与下面更多类似C的版本相比,它的速度是2-22(平均值:4-6),特别是对于一对bigCounts。 / p>
这是另一个版本:
// helper function which "creates" for loops and passes the indexes to a closure which takes an array of indexes
// indexes = [2, 3, 4] ==> for 4 times { for 3 times { for 2 times {} } }
// the corresponding passed indexes range from [0, 0, 0] to [2 - 1, 3 - 1, 4 - 1] so you can pass array.count directly
// therefore the index of the inner for loop can be accessed with passedArray[0] and so on
func forIndexes(indexes: [Int], closure: [Int] -> ()) {
if indexes.count == 0 { return }
// array which gets passed to the closure and modified over time
var currentIndexes = Array(count: indexes.count, repeatedValue: 0)
// maximum overall count of inner for loop: [2, 4, 5] => 2*4*5 = 40
var count = 1
for var i = 0; i < indexes.count; i++ {
count *= indexes[i]
}
for var i = 0; i < count; i++ {
// call closure with currentIndexes
closure(currentIndexes)
// increment first current index and check whether the other ones have to be updated
if ++currentIndexes[0] == indexes[0] {
// condition: j < indexes.count - 1 => prevent out of bounds exception for: currentIndexes[j+1]++
for var j = 0; j < indexes.count - 1; j++ {
if currentIndexes[j] >= indexes[j] {
currentIndexes[j] -= indexes[j]
currentIndexes[j+1]++
}
}
}
}
}
func getPair2<T>(array: [T], pairCount: Int) -> [[T]] {
var result = [[T]]()
// pair count determines the depth of the nested for loops while array.count specifies the loop count
forIndexes(Array(count: pairCount, repeatedValue: array.count), closure: { indexes in
// map array elements from all possible indexes
result.append(indexes.map{ index in
return array[index]
})
})
return result
}
答案 1 :(得分:0)
引人入胜的问题。为了得到一个简单的解决方案,我不得不考虑一下。事实上,整个事情可以通过两个for
循环和一些繁重的数学来完成。这是代码:
function getGroupings(arr, numPerGroup){
numPerGroup > 1 || (numPerGroup = 2);
var groups = Math.pow(arr.length, numPerGroup);
var groupings = [];
for (var i = 0; i < numPerGroup; i++) {
for (var j = 0; j < groups; j++) {
groupings[j] || groupings.push(Array(numPerGroup));
var index = Math.floor(j / Math.pow(arr.length, i)) % arr.length;
groupings[j][i] = arr[index];
if (i === numPerGroup - 1) groupings[j] = groupings[j].reverse();
}
}
return groupings;
}
关于这是如何工作的一些注释:
示例:
假设您有一个数组var arr = [3, 6, 9]
,并希望获得所有可能的分组3 - getGroupings(arr, 3);
。组的实际数量为arr.length ^ 3 = 27
,因此该函数将生成一个包含27个数组的数组。
(忽略外部for
循环 - 想象它的所有迭代都会立即发生)二进制时钟从0开始,因此第一个分组是arr[0], arr[0], arr[0]
- [3, 3, 3]
。
在下一次迭代中,1的位置前进一个 - arr[0], arr[0], arr[1]
- [3, 3, 6]
,然后是[3, 3, 9]
。
接下来是时候让3个地方前进并重置一个地方 - arr[0], arr[1], arr[0]
,所以分组4是[3, 6, 3]
。依此类推,直到第27个数组[9, 9, 9]
。
这是一个JSFiddle。试试吧!