这是在Ubuntu 14.04 LTS
上修改：
根据说明https://gist.github.com/elithrar/8682235和https://github.com/wal-e/wal-e#dependencies，使用pip安装WAL-E，并使用由envdir管理的密钥。
我正在尝试使用WAL-E恢复数据库，一切看起来都很顺利，因为我安装并运行了Postgres，并且可以轻松地创建或恢复数据库并通过pgadmin在本地和远程访问它。它变坏的地方是我尝试使用wal-e fetch-backup从S3备份执行恢复。它似乎一直很好，直到开始postgres。
出现了许多错误，似乎缺少包或权限问题，如下所示：
* Starting PostgreSQL 9.3 database server
* The PostgreSQL server failed to start. Please check the log output:
2015-07-11 00:41:11 EDT LOG: database system was interrupted; last known up at 2015-06-30 05:00:02 EDT
2015-07-11 00:41:11 EDT LOG: starting archive recovery
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/bin/wal-e", line 5, in <module>
from pkg_resources import load_entry_point
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 3084, in <module>
@_call_aside
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 3070, in _call_aside
f(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 3097, in _initialize_master_working_set
working_set = WorkingSet._build_master()
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 651, in _build_master
ws.require(__requires__)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 952, in require
needed = self.resolve(parse_requirements(requirements))
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 847, in resolve
new_requirements = dist.requires(req.extras)[::-1]
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2602, in requires
dm = self._dep_map
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2803, in _dep_map
self.__dep_map = self._compute_dependencies()
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2825, in _compute_dependencies
for req in self._parsed_pkg_info.get_all('Requires-Dist') or []:
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2794, in _parsed_pkg_info
metadata = self.get_metadata(self.PKG_INFO)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 1617, in get_metadata
return self._get(self._fn(self.egg_info, name))
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 1728, in _get
with open(path, 'rb') as stream:
IOError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/six-1.9.0.dist-info/METADATA'
2015-07-11 00:41:11 EDT LOG: invalid checkpoint record
2015-07-11 00:41:11 EDT FATAL: could not locate required checkpoint record
2015-07-11 00:41:11 EDT HINT: If you are not restoring from a backup, try removing the file "/var/lib/postgresql/9.3/main/backup_label".
2015-07-11 00:41:11 EDT LOG: startup process (PID 1693) exited with exit code 1
2015-07-11 00:41:11 EDT LOG: aborting startup due to startup process failure
我有几个并且能够通过更改组并修改所关注文件的权限以匹配目录中的其他文件来解决它们，但我怀疑问题更多地与这些包的方式和/或位置有关安装了。解决上述问题后，postgres仍然无法启动，返回以下内容：
* Starting PostgreSQL 9.3 database server
* The PostgreSQL server failed to start. Please check the log output:
2015-07-11 00:30:04 EDT LOG: database system was interrupted; last known up at 2015-06-30 05:00:02 EDT
2015-07-11 00:30:04 EDT LOG: starting archive recovery
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/bin/wal-e", line 5, in <module>
from pkg_resources import load_entry_point
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 3084, in <module>
@_call_aside
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 3070, in _call_aside
f(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 3097, in _initialize_master_working_set
working_set = WorkingSet._build_master()
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 651, in _build_master
ws.require(__requires__)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 952, in require
needed = self.resolve(parse_requirements(requirements))
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 839, in resolve
raise DistributionNotFound(req, requirers)
pkg_resources.DistributionNotFound: The 'wal-e==0.8.1' distribution was not found and is required by the application
2015-07-11 00:30:04 EDT LOG: invalid checkpoint record
2015-07-11 00:30:04 EDT FATAL: could not locate required checkpoint record
2015-07-11 00:30:04 EDT HINT: If you are not restoring from a backup, try removing the file "/var/lib/postgresql/9.3/main/backup_label".
2015-07-11 00:30:04 EDT LOG: startup process (PID 1495) exited with exit code 1
2015-07-11 00:30:04 EDT LOG: aborting startup due to startup process failure
它抱怨the 'wal-e==0.8.1' distribution was not found...，但它已明确安装并可执行：
ls -l /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
total 608
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 10 20:14 argparse-1.3.0.dist-info
-rw-r--r-- 1 root staff 88400 Jul 10 20:14 argparse.py
-rw-r--r-- 1 root staff 65659 Jul 10 20:14 argparse.pyc
drwxr-sr-x 6 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 azure
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 azure-0.11.1.egg-info
drwxr-sr-x 5 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 babel
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 Babel-1.3.egg-info
drwxr-sr-x 57 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 boto
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 boto-2.38.0.dist-info
drwxr-sr-x 3 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 concurrent
drwxr-sr-x 3 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 dateutil
drwxr-sr-x 3 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 debtcollector
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 debtcollector-0.5.0.dist-info
-rw-r--r-- 1 root staff 207 Jul 10 20:10 easy-install.pth
-rw-r--r-- 1 root staff 126 Jul 10 20:33 easy_install.py
-rw-r--r-- 1 root staff 315 Jul 10 20:33 easy_install.pyc
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 futures-3.0.3.dist-info
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 gevent
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 gevent-1.0.2.egg-info
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 greenlet-0.4.7.egg-info
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root staff 82869 Jul 9 22:36 greenlet.so
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 iso8601
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 iso8601-0.1.10.egg-info
drwxr-sr-x 15 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 keystoneclient
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 10 20:33 _markerlib
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 msgpack
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 msgpack_python-0.4.6.egg-info
drwxr-sr-x 5 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 netaddr
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 netaddr-0.7.15.dist-info
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 netifaces-0.10.4.egg-info
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root staff 58386 Jul 9 22:36 netifaces.so
drwxr-sr-x 4 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 oslo
drwxr-sr-x 3 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 oslo_config
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 oslo.config-1.14.0.dist-info
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 299 Jul 9 22:35 oslo.config-1.14.0-py2.7-nspkg.pth
drwxr-sr-x 3 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 oslo_i18n
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 oslo.i18n-2.1.0.dist-info
drwxr-sr-x 3 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 oslo_serialization
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 oslo.serialization-1.7.0.dist-info
drwxr-sr-x 3 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 oslo_utils
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 oslo.utils-1.8.0.dist-info
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 299 Jul 9 22:35 oslo.utils-1.8.0-py2.7-nspkg.pth
drwxr-sr-x 5 root staff 4096 Jul 10 20:14 pbr
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 10 20:14 pbr-1.3.0.dist-info
drwxr-sr-x 4 root staff 4096 Jul 10 20:10 pip-7.1.0-py2.7.egg
drwxr-sr-x 3 root staff 4096 Jul 10 20:33 pkg_resources
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 python_dateutil-2.4.2.dist-info
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 python_keystoneclient-1.6.0.dist-info
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 python_swiftclient-2.4.0.dist-info
drwxr-sr-x 3 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 pytz
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 pytz-2015.4.dist-info
drwxr-sr-- 3 root staff 4096 Jul 9 23:25 requests
drwxr-sr-- 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 23:25 requests-2.7.0.dist-info
drwxr-sr-x 3 root staff 4096 Jul 10 20:33 setuptools
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 10 20:33 setuptools-18.0.1.dist-info
drwxr-sr-x 3 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 simplejson
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 simplejson-3.7.3.egg-info
drwxr-sr-- 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 23:26 six-1.9.0.dist-info
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 29664 Jul 9 23:26 six.py
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 29006 Jul 9 23:26 six.pyc
drwxr-sr-x 4 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 stevedore
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 stevedore-1.6.0.dist-info
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 swiftclient
drwxr-sr-x 7 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:35 wal_e
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:35 wal_e-0.8.1.egg-info
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 wrapt
drwxr-sr-x 2 root staff 4096 Jul 9 22:36 wrapt-1.10.5.egg-info
我做了很多搜索，但没有发现任何有用的东西。任何有正确方向的建议或观点都表示赞赏。
此外，解决此问题非常有意义，以确保我的主要安装在需要恢复时才会发生。如果我无法恢复它，那么备份是毫无意义的。
答案 0 :(得分：0)
我不完全确定是什么解决了The 'wal-e==0.8.1' distribution was not found错误，但在重新启动时我再也没有看到过。
除此之外，解决这个问题相当简单。
未设置许多python发行版上的可执行位。
Chowning这些修复了错误：
chmod o+x /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/requests-2.7.0.dist-info/
chmod o+x /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/requests
...
答案 1 :(得分：0)
原因未正确创建backup_label
在您的主人
中运行以下命令su postgres
psql -c＆＃34;选择pg_start_backup（＆＃39; initial_backup＆＃39;）;＆＃34;
rsync -cva --inplace --exclude = pg_xlog /var/lib/postgresql/9.1/main/ slave_IP_address：/var/lib/postgresql/9.1/main /
psql -c＆＃34;选择pg_stop_backup（）;＆＃34;
创建文件名recovery.conf 添加以下行
服务postgresql重启