我有几个具有大致相同结构的data.frames。对于可重现的示例，我创建了两个示例数据框df1和df2。
df1 <- structure(list(sample = c(2L, 6L), data1 = c(56L, 78L), data2 = c(59L,
27L), data6 = c(90L, 28L), data1namet = structure(c(1L, 1L), .Label = "Sam1", class = "factor"),
data2namab = structure(c(1L, 1L), .Label = "Test2", class = "factor"),
dataame = structure(c(1L, 1L), .Label = "Ex3", class = "factor")), .Names = c("sample",
"data1", "data2", "data3", "data1namet", "data2namab", "dataame"
), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -2L))
df1
sample data1 data2 data3 data1namet data2namab dataame
1 2 56 59 90 Sam1 Test2 Ex3
2 6 78 27 28 Sam1 Test2 Ex3
df2 <- structure(list(sample = c(12L, 13L, 17L), data1 = c(56L, 78L,
3L), data2 = c(59L, 27L, 2L), datest = structure(c(1L, 1L,
1L), .Label = "Exa9", class = "factor"), dattestr = structure(c(1L,
1L, 1L), .Label = "cz1", class = "factor")), .Names = c("sample",
"data1", "data2", "datest", "dattestr"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA,
-3L))
df2
sample data1 data2 datest dattestr
1 12 56 59 Exa9 cz1
2 13 78 27 Exa9 cz1
3 17 3 2 Exa9 cz1
数据名称保存在数据列之后的列中，我想知道是否有一种方法可以重构data.frames（大约40个data.frames），它们包含数据列表中的数据名称列名？
df1
sample Sam1 Test2 Ex3
1 2 56 59 90
2 6 78 27 28
和
df2
sample Exa9 cz1
1 12 56 59
2 13 78 27
3 17 3 2
修改
正如我刚刚意识到我在数据列之后还有其他列，以便我的输入数据看起来像这样
df1 <- structure(list(sample = c(2L, 6L), data1 = c(56L, 78L), data2 = c(59L,
27L), data3 = c(90L, 28L), data1namet = structure(c(1L, 1L), .Label = "Sam1", class = "factor"),
data2namab = structure(c(1L, 1L), .Label = "Test2", class = "factor"),
dataame = structure(c(1L, 1L), .Label = "Ex3", class = "factor"),
ma = c("Jay", "Jay")), .Names = c("sample", "data1", "data2",
"data3", "data1namet", "data2namab", "dataame", "ma"), row.names = c(NA,
-2L), class = "data.frame")
df1
sample data1 data2 data3 data1namet data2namab dataame ma
1 2 56 59 90 Sam1 Test2 Ex3 Jay
2 6 78 27 28 Sam1 Test2 Ex3 Jay
df2 <- structure(list(sample = c(12L, 13L, 17L), data1 = c(56L, 78L,
3L), data2 = c(59L, 27L, 2L), datest = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L
), .Label = "Exa9", class = "factor"), dattestr = structure(c(1L,
1L, 1L), .Label = "cz1", class = "factor"), add = c(2, 2, 2)), .Names = c("sample",
"data1", "data2", "datest", "dattestr", "add"), row.names = c(NA,
-3L), class = "data.frame")
df2
sample data1 data2 datest dattestr add
1 12 56 59 Exa9 cz1 2
2 13 78 27 Exa9 cz1 2
3 17 3 2 Exa9 cz1 2
在这种情况下，ma和add列不是数据的一部分，应该在最后添加，如下所示：
df1
sample Sam1 Test2 Ex3 ma
1 2 56 59 90 Jay
2 6 78 27 28 Jay
和
df2
sample Exa9 cz1 add
1 12 56 59 2
2 13 78 27 2
3 17 3 2 2
答案 0 :(得分：1)
首先要确定应保留哪些列：
keep_col <- which(sapply(df2, is.numeric))
之后，需要做一些工作来提取新的列名并重命名数据框中的相应列：
names <- df2[1,keep_col[-1] + length(keep_col)-1]
colnames(df2)[keep_col[-1]] <- as.character(unlist(names))
最后，可以通过仅保留所需的列来重新组装数据帧：
df2 <- df2[,keep_col]
#> df2
# sample Exa9 cz1
#1 12 56 59
#2 13 78 27
#3 17 3 2
为了将这种转换用于几个不同的数据帧，代码可以包装到一个函数中：
summarize_table <- function(x){
keep_col <- which(sapply(x, is.numeric))
names <- x[1,keep_col[-1] + length(keep_col)-1]
colnames(x)[keep_col[-1]] <- as.character(unlist(names))
x <- x[,keep_col]
}
如果各种数据帧存储在列表中，则函数summarize_table()可与lapply()一起使用，以获取每个数据帧的结果：
my_dfs <- list(df1,df2)
out <- lapply(my_dfs,summarize_table)
#> out
#[[1]]
# sample Sam1 Test2 Ex3
#1 2 56 59 90
#2 6 78 27 28
#
#[[2]]
# sample Exa9 cz1
#1 12 56 59
#2 13 78 27
#3 17 3 2
编辑/附录
下面的修改版本也应该能够处理修订后的帖子中提到的案例：
summarize_tab2 <- function(x){
keep_col <- which(sapply(x, is.numeric))
first_block <- c(keep_col[1],keep_col[which(diff(keep_col)==1)])
add_col <- FALSE
if (2 * (length(keep_col) - 1) + 1 < ncol(x)) add_col <- TRUE
keep_col1 <- keep_col[1:length(first_block)]
names <- x[1,keep_col1[-1] + length(keep_col1) - 1]
colnames(x)[keep_col1[-1]] <- as.character(unlist(names))
df_t <- x[,keep_col]
if (add_col) df_t <- cbind(df_t, x[(2 * (ncol(df_t) - 1) + 2):ncol(x)])
return(df_t)
}
my_dfs <- list(df1, df2, df3, df4)
out <- lapply(my_dfs, summarize_tab2)
#> out
#[[1]]
# sample Sam1 Test2 Ex3 ma
#1 2 56 59 90 Jay
#2 6 78 27 28 Jay
#
#[[2]]
# sample Exa9 cz1 add
#1 12 56 59 2
#2 13 78 27 2
#3 17 3 2 2
#
#[[3]]
# sample Sam1 Test2 Ex3
#1 2 56 59 90
#2 6 78 27 28
#
#[[4]]
# sample Exa9 cz1
#1 12 56 59
#2 13 78 27
#3 17 3 2
此处数据框df3和df4分别是原始帖子的数据框df1和df2。
答案 1 :(得分：1)
以下内容应该有效：
library(plyr)
cols.to.rename <- grep('^data(.)$', colnames(df1))
cols.of.names <- max(cols.to.rename)+seq(1,length(cols.to.rename))
the.names <- lapply(df1[1,cols.of.names], as.character)
df1.mod <- df1
colnames(df1.mod)[cols.to.rename] <- the.names
df1.mod <- df1.mod[-cols.of.names]
它将所有dataX列重命名为最后一个dataX列后面的列中的（第一个）值。然后它会从数据框中删除所有名称列。