从运行连续的exe文件中删除闪烁

Question

我运行了几个.exe文件，如下所示：

   public void RunCalculator(Calculator calculator)
    {
        var query = Path.Combine(EpiPath, calculator.ExeName + ".exe");

        if (File.Exists(Path.Combine(EpiPath, "ffs.exe")))
        {
            var p = new Process();
            p.StartInfo.FileName = query;
            p.StartInfo.WorkingDirectory = EpiPath;
            p.StartInfo.WindowStyle = ProcessWindowStyle.Hidden;
            p.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
            p.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;
            p.StartInfo.WindowStyle = ProcessWindowStyle.Hidden;
            p.StartInfo.Arguments = String.Join(" ", calculator.Arguments);
            p.Start();
            p.WaitForExit();
        }
        else throw new InvalidOperationException();
    }

这段代码有效，但是exe-s多次运行仍会引起一些闪烁。是否有任何方法可以消除闪烁，因为用户体验它是非常烦人的，因为它发生了几秒钟（有很多exe正在运行）。

我尝试使用一个任务在另一个线程上执行它，但由于每个exe依赖于前一个的工作（它写入文件），我得到一个IO异常。

似乎exe文件仅在其ProcessPriority设置为Realtime时才有效。

编辑：

关于我最近尝试过的更多细节： 正如@Jack Hughes建议我尝试使用后台工作者来解决这个问题：

这就是我的所作所为：

我在后台工作程序上调用RunWorkerAsync（）函数，后者依次调用每个计算器的RunCalculator函数。闪烁仍然存在。

Edit2： 我创建了一个详细的存储库，其中包含我运行exe文件的方式，exe文件和Old Fox建议的ProcessHelper类。 您可以在README文件中找到有关如何使用存储库的说明。

链接到存储库：https://github.com/interdrift/epiwin-flick

Answer 1

我有同样的＆＃34;闪烁＆＃34;我在使用C＃创建ActiveX扩展名时描述的问题。扩展程序必须启动隐藏的Console Application，但每次启动应用程序时，控制台都会显示几毫秒。

为了解决这个问题，我尝试了很多方法，例如：获取Process类的源代码并对其进行调试，UAC检查，VM＆vs。真机等等

我找到的解决方案是使用Win32Api。以下代码段启动了一个没有＆＃34;闪烁＆＃34;：

的新流程

public class ProcessHelper
{

    public const Int32 USE_STD_HANDLES = 0x00000100;
    public const Int32 STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE = -11;
    public const Int32 STD_ERROR_HANDLE = -12;

    //this flag instructs StartProcessWithLogonW to consider the value StartupInfo.showWindow when creating the process
    public const Int32 STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW = 0x00000001;



    public static ProcessStartResult StartProcess(string exe,
                                                  string[] args = null,
                                                  bool isHidden = false,
                                                  bool waitForExit = false,
                                                  uint waitTimeout = 0)
    {
        string command;

        var startupInfo = CreateStartupInfo(exe, args, isHidden, out command);

        ProcessInformation processInfo;

        var processSecAttributes = new SecurityAttributes();

        processSecAttributes.Length = Marshal.SizeOf(processSecAttributes);

        var threadSecAttributes = new SecurityAttributes();

        threadSecAttributes.Length = Marshal.SizeOf(threadSecAttributes);

        CreationFlags creationFlags = 0;

        if (isHidden)
        {
            creationFlags = CreationFlags.CreateNoWindow;
        }

        var started = Win32Api.CreateProcess(exe,
                                                command,
                                                ref processSecAttributes,
                                                ref threadSecAttributes,
                                                false,
                                                Convert.ToInt32(creationFlags),
                                                IntPtr.Zero,
                                                null,
                                                ref startupInfo,
                                                out processInfo);


        var result = CreateProcessStartResult(waitForExit, waitTimeout, processInfo, started);

        return result;
    }

    private static StartupInfo CreateStartupInfo(string exe, string[] args, bool isHidden, out string command)
    {
        var startupInfo = new StartupInfo();

        startupInfo.Flags &= USE_STD_HANDLES;
        startupInfo.StdOutput = (IntPtr) STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE;
        startupInfo.StdError = (IntPtr) STD_ERROR_HANDLE;

        if (isHidden)
        {
            startupInfo.ShowWindow = 0;
            startupInfo.Flags = STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW;
        }

        var argsWithExeName = new string[args.Length + 1];

        argsWithExeName[0] = exe;

        args.CopyTo(argsWithExeName, 1);

        var argsString = ToCommandLineArgsString(argsWithExeName);

        command = argsString;

        return startupInfo;
    }

    private static string ToCommandLineArgsString(Array array)
    {
        var argumentsBuilder = new StringBuilder();

        foreach (var item in array)
        {
            if (item != null)
            {
                var escapedArgument = item.ToString().Replace("\"", "\"\"");
                argumentsBuilder.AppendFormat("\"{0}\" ", escapedArgument);
            }
        }

        return argumentsBuilder.ToString();
    }

    private static ProcessStartResult CreateProcessStartResult(bool waitForExit, uint waitTimeout,
        ProcessInformation processInfo, bool started)
    {
        uint exitCode = 0;
        var hasExited = false;

        if (started && waitForExit)
        {
            var waitResult = Win32Api.WaitForSingleObject(processInfo.Process, waitTimeout);

            if (waitResult == WaitForSingleObjectResult.WAIT_OBJECT_0)
            {
                Win32Api.GetExitCodeProcess(processInfo.Process, ref exitCode);
                hasExited = true;
            }
        }

        var result = new ProcessStartResult()
        {
            ExitCode = (int) exitCode,
            Started = started,
            HasExited = hasExited
        };
        return result;
    }

}

[Flags]
public enum CreationFlags
{
    CreateSuspended = 0x00000004,

    CreateNewConsole = 0x00000010,

    CreateNewProcessGroup = 0x00000200,

    CreateNoWindow = 0x08000000,

    CreateUnicodeEnvironment = 0x00000400,

    CreateSeparateWowVdm = 0x00000800,

    CreateDefaultErrorMode = 0x04000000,
}

public struct ProcessInformation
{
    public IntPtr Process { get; set; }
    public IntPtr Thread { get; set; }
    public int ProcessId { get; set; }
    public int ThreadId { get; set; }
}

public class ProcessStartResult
{
    public bool Started { get; set; }

    public int ExitCode { get; set; }

    public bool HasExited { get; set; }

    public Exception Error { get; set; }

}

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct SecurityAttributes
{
    public int Length;
    public IntPtr SecurityDescriptor;
    public int InheritHandle;
}

public struct StartupInfo
{
    public int Cb;
    public String Reserved;
    public String Desktop;
    public String Title;
    public int X;
    public int Y;
    public int XSize;
    public int YSize;
    public int XCountChars;
    public int YCountChars;
    public int FillAttribute;
    public int Flags;
    public UInt16 ShowWindow;
    public UInt16 Reserved2;
    public byte Reserved3;
    public IntPtr StdInput;
    public IntPtr StdOutput;
    public IntPtr StdError;
}

public static class WaitForSingleObjectResult
{
    /// <summary>
    /// The specified object is a mutex object that was not released by the thread that owned the mutex
    /// object before the owning thread terminated. Ownership of the mutex object is granted to the 
    /// calling thread and the mutex state is set to nonsignaled
    /// </summary>
    public const UInt32 WAIT_ABANDONED = 0x00000080;
    /// <summary>
    /// The state of the specified object is signaled.
    /// </summary>
    public const UInt32 WAIT_OBJECT_0 = 0x00000000;
    /// <summary>
    /// The time-out interval elapsed, and the object's state is nonsignaled.
    /// </summary>
    public const UInt32 WAIT_TIMEOUT = 0x00000102;
}

public class Win32Api
{
    [DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
    public static extern bool GetExitCodeProcess(IntPtr process, ref UInt32 exitCode);

    [DllImport("Kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
    public static extern UInt32 WaitForSingleObject(IntPtr handle, UInt32 milliseconds);

    [DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
    public static extern bool CreateProcess
        (string lpApplicationName,
            string lpCommandLine,
            ref SecurityAttributes lpProcessAttributes,
            ref SecurityAttributes lpThreadAttributes,
            bool bInheritHandles,
            Int32 dwCreationFlags,
            IntPtr lpEnvironment,
            string lpCurrentDirectory,
            [In] ref StartupInfo lpStartupInfo,
            out ProcessInformation lpProcessInformation);
}

修改

我尝试使用startupInfo.ShowWindow = 7上面的代码（它应该在不破坏焦点的情况下启动应用程序），一些应用程序仍在窃取焦点，因此我推断其中一些使用了{{1} } ....

我在Bring to front method窗口中使用您的代码玩了一下，然后我发现如果WPF位于UI，应用程序就不会失去焦点：

Sleep

这不是一个好的解决方案！但是，只有在启动某个进程时才需要进行休眠...所以我尝试使用此信息：

    private  void Button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
        {

            //Provide path to epi
            string epiPath = @"c:/EPISUITE41";
            Level3ntCalculator cl = new Level3ntCalculator();
            var runner = new Calculators.Epi.Runners.ProcessRunner(epiPath);


            runner.WriteXSmilesFiles("CCCCC1CCCCCCC1");
                    cl.Calculate(runner);

        });

        Thread.Sleep(2000);
    }

然后我改变了 private void Button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { var ac = new Action(() => Application.Current.Dispatcher.Invoke( () => { Thread.Sleep(50); })); Task.Factory.StartNew(() => { //Provide path to epi string epiPath = @"c:/EPISUITE41"; Level3ntCalculator cl = new Level3ntCalculator(); var runner = new Calculators.Epi.Runners.ProcessRunner(epiPath, ac); runner.WriteXSmilesFiles("CCCCC1CCCCCCC1"); cl.Calculate(runner); }); } ：

ProcessRunner

在此代码段中，您只能在 public void RunCalculator(Calculator calculator) { //bla bla bla... new Thread(new ThreadStart(_action)).Start(); p.Start(); //... } 主题中执行Thread.Sleep很短的时间（用户永远不会知道......）。

这是一个糟糕的解决方案......然而它解决了这个问题。

Answer 2

将作品放入后台线程，这样就不会阻塞主GUI线程。

这样的事情：

public class MainWindow : Window
{
    private readonly BackgroundWorker worker = new BackgroundWorker();

    public MainWindow()
    {
        this.Loaded += MyWindow_Loaded;
        worker.DoWork += worker_DoWork;
        worker.RunWorkerCompleted += worker_RunWorkerCompleted;
    }

    private void MyWindow_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        // Start the background worker. May be better started off on a button or something else app specific
        worker.RunWorkerAsync();
    }

    private void worker_DoWork(object sender, DoWorkEventArgs e)
    {
       // run all .exes here...
       // Note: you cannot access the GUI elements directly from the background thread
       RunCalculator();
       RunOtherExes();
    }

    private void worker_RunWorkerCompleted(object sender, 
                                           RunWorkerCompletedEventArgs e)
    {
        //update ui once worker complete its work
    }

    private void RunCalculator()
    {
        var p = new Process();
        p.StartInfo.FileName = query;
        p.StartInfo.WorkingDirectory = path;
        p.StartInfo.WindowStyle = ProcessWindowStyle.Hidden;
        p.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;
        p.StartInfo.Arguments = String.Join(" ", calculator.Arguments);
        p.Start();
        p.WaitForExit();
    }

    private void RunOtherExes()
    {
        // ...
    }

}

如果需要，您也可以使用后台线程更新GUI线程。

Answer 3

您仍然不清楚自己会遇到什么样的闪烁，但是您在GUI线程上执行WaitForExit()这一事实看起来很麻烦。鉴于您正在运行外部程序，我并没有真正意识到从另一个线程启动它并等待，可能使用Exited事件而不是阻塞等待将释放GUI线程来完成其工作，停止这个问题。

不要忘记将EnableRaisingEvents设置为true，而IIRC将在线程池上引发事件，因此在触摸任何控件之前返回UI上下文。