如何使用Powershell中的regex函数访问以下值，并将每个值分配给单个变量？：
id （即获取值：TOKEN_ID） - 在令牌下
ID （即获取值：TENANT_ID） - 在令牌下，租户
adminURL （即获取值：http://10.100.0.222:35357/v2.0） - serviceCatalog 下的第一个值，端点
当我使用Powershell v2时，我无法使用ConvertFrom-Json cmdlet。到目前为止，我已尝试使用第三方PS脚本将文档转换为xml文件，但它并不总是正确。我想使用正则表达式，但我对它不太满意。
$json =
"{
"access": {
"metadata": {
"is_admin": 0,
"roles": [
"9fe2ff9ee4384b1894a90878d3e92bab"
]
},
"serviceCatalog": [
{
"endpoints": [
{
"adminURL": "http://10.100.0.222:8774/v2/TENANT_ID",
"id": "0eb78b6d3f644438aea327d9c57b7b5a",
"internalURL": "http://10.100.0.222:8774/v2/TENANT_ID",
"publicURL": "http://8.21.28.222:8774/v2/TENANT_ID",
"region": "RegionOne"
}
],
"endpoints_links": [],
"name": "nova",
"type": "compute"
},
{
"endpoints": [
{
"adminURL": "http://10.100.0.222:9696/",
"id": "3f4b6015a2f9481481ca03dace8acf32",
"internalURL": "http://10.100.0.222:9696/",
"publicURL": "http://8.21.28.222:9696/",
"region": "RegionOne"
}
],
"endpoints_links": [],
"name": "neutron",
"type": "network"
},
{
"endpoints": [
{
"adminURL": "http://10.100.0.222:8776/v2/TENANT_ID",
"id": "16f6416588f64946bdcdf4a431a8f252",
"internalURL": "http://10.100.0.222:8776/v2/TENANT_ID",
"publicURL": "http://8.21.28.222:8776/v2/TENANT_ID",
"region": "RegionOne"
}
],
"endpoints_links": [],
"name": "cinder_v2",
"type": "volumev2"
},
{
"endpoints": [
{
"adminURL": "http://10.100.0.222:8779/v1.0/TENANT_ID",
"id": "be48765ae31e425cb06036b1ebab694a",
"internalURL": "http://10.100.0.222:8779/v1.0/TENANT_ID",
"publicURL": "http://8.21.28.222:8779/v1.0/TENANT_ID",
"region": "RegionOne"
}
],
"endpoints_links": [],
"name": "trove",
"type": "database"
},
{
"endpoints": [
{
"adminURL": "http://10.100.0.222:9292",
"id": "1adfcb5414304f3596fb81edb2dfb514",
"internalURL": "http://10.100.0.222:9292",
"publicURL": "http://8.21.28.222:9292",
"region": "RegionOne"
}
],
"endpoints_links": [],
"name": "glance",
"type": "image"
},
{
"endpoints": [
{
"adminURL": "http://10.100.0.222:8777",
"id": "350f3b91d73f4b3ab8a061c94ac31fbb",
"internalURL": "http://10.100.0.222:8777",
"publicURL": "http://8.21.28.222:8777",
"region": "RegionOne"
}
],
"endpoints_links": [],
"name": "ceilometer",
"type": "metering"
},
{
"endpoints": [
{
"adminURL": "http://10.100.0.222:8000/v1/",
"id": "2198b0d32a604e75a5cc1e13276a813d",
"internalURL": "http://10.100.0.222:8000/v1/",
"publicURL": "http://8.21.28.222:8000/v1/",
"region": "RegionOne"
}
],
"endpoints_links": [],
"name": "heat-cfn",
"type": "cloudformation"
},
{
"endpoints": [
{
"adminURL": "http://10.100.0.222:8776/v1/TENANT_ID",
"id": "7c193c4683d849ca8e8db493722a4d8c",
"internalURL": "http://10.100.0.222:8776/v1/TENANT_ID",
"publicURL": "http://8.21.28.222:8776/v1/TENANT_ID",
"region": "RegionOne"
}
],
"endpoints_links": [],
"name": "cinder",
"type": "volume"
},
{
"endpoints": [
{
"adminURL": "http://10.100.0.222:8773/services/Admin",
"id": "11fac8254be74d7d906110f0069e5748",
"internalURL": "http://10.100.0.222:8773/services/Cloud",
"publicURL": "http://8.21.28.222:8773/services/Cloud",
"region": "RegionOne"
}
],
"endpoints_links": [],
"name": "nova_ec2",
"type": "ec2"
},
{
"endpoints": [
{
"adminURL": "http://10.100.0.222:8004/v1/TENANT_ID",
"id": "38fa4f9afce34d4ca0f5e0f90fd758dd",
"internalURL": "http://10.100.0.222:8004/v1/TENANT_ID",
"publicURL": "http://8.21.28.222:8004/v1/TENANT_ID",
"region": "RegionOne"
}
],
"endpoints_links": [],
"name": "heat",
"type": "orchestration"
},
{
"endpoints": [
{
"adminURL": "http://10.100.0.222:35357/v2.0",
"id": "256cdf78ecb04051bf0f57ec11070222",
"internalURL": "http://10.100.0.222:5000/v2.0",
"publicURL": "http://8.21.28.222:5000/v2.0",
"region": "RegionOne"
}
],
"endpoints_links": [],
"name": "keystone",
"type": "identity"
}
],
"token": {
"audit_ids": [
"gsjrNoqFSQeuLUo0QeJprQ"
],
"expires": "2014-12-15T15:09:29Z",
"id": "TOKEN_ID",
"issued_at": "2014-12-15T14:09:29.794527",
"tenant": {
"description": "Auto created account",
"enabled": true,
"id": "TENANT_ID",
"name": "USERNAME"
}
},
"user": {
"id": "USER_ID",
"name": "USERNAME",
"roles": [
{
"name": "_member_"
}
],
"roles_links": [],
"username": "USERNAME"
}
}
}"
答案 0 :(得分：3)
如果您在使用PowerShell 2.0的计算机上使用.NET 3.5或更高版本，you can use a JSON serializer（来自链接的答案）：
[System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("System.Web.Extensions")
$json = "{a:1,b:2,c:{nested:true}}"
$ser = New-Object System.Web.Script.Serialization.JavaScriptSerializer
$obj = $ser.DeserializeObject($json)
这比使用正则表达式更可取。
例如，对于管理员网址，您可以参考：
$obj.access.serviceCatalog[0].endpoints[0].adminURL
if ($json -match '(?s)"serviceCatalog".+?"endpoints".+?"adminURL"[^"]+"(?<adminUrl>[^"]+)".+?"token".+?"id"[^"]+"(?<tokenID>[^"]+)".+?"tenant".+?"id"[^"]+"(?<tenantID>[^"]+)') {
$Matches['adminURL']
$Matches['tokenID']
$Matches['tenantID']
}
(?s)告诉正则表达式引擎.匹配任何内容，包括换行符（默认情况下不会）。"whatever"部分都只是按照字面意思匹配。.+?匹配任何字符中的一个或多个（包括我们使用s后的换行符），?使其成为non-greedy。[^"]+这匹配一个或多个不是双引号的字符。()是一个捕获组。通过使用(?<name>)，我们可以稍后通过名称而不是数字返回该群组，这只是一个精确的。所以基本的想法是寻找文字，然后到达我们可以捕获所需值的点。在PowerShell中匹配-regex运算符后，$Matches变量将填充匹配项，组等。
请注意，这取决于它们在发布的JSON中的顺序。如果它们处于不同的顺序，它就会失败。
要解决此问题，您可以将其拆分为3种不同的正则表达式匹配。