我有一个名为z的字典,看起来像这样
{0:[0.28209479177387814,0.19947114020071635,0.10377687435514868,0.07338133158686996], -1:[0.28209479177387814,0.19947114020071635,0.10377687435514868,0.07338133158686996]}。
我想翻转值和键
{0.28209479177387814:0,0.19947114020071635:0,0.10377687435514868:0,0.07338133158686996:0, 0.28209479177387814:-1,0.19947114020071635:-1,0.10377687435514868:-1,0.07338133158686996:-1}
似乎有用的代码是:
for a in z:
newdict=dict.fromkeys(z[a],a)
但它只适用于z中的一个键并返回:
{0.28209479177387814:-1,0.07338133158686996:-1,0.10377687435514868:-1,0.19947114020071635:-1}
我做错了什么?
答案 0 :(得分:3)
正如您在关于您的问题的评论中已经看到的那样,Python词典不能有重复键,因为给定键的正确单值会存在不确定性
这可以通过与第一个具有并行结构来解决,因此{value:key}
代替{value:[key1, key2]}
而不是new = {}
for key, value in z.items():
if not value in new:
new[value] = []
new[value].append(key)
。生成它的代码是:
stringstream
有关详细信息,请参阅Adam Smith的答案。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
您不能在字典中使用重复键,但可以使用元组以有意义的方式将它们组合在一起。
from itertools import product, chain
tuples = chain.from_iterable(product(vs, [k]) for k, vs in orig_dict.items())
# note this is identical to:
# # tuples = []
# # for k, vs in orig_dict.items():
# # for tup in [(v, k) for v in vs]:
# # tuples.append(tup)
这会产生:
[(0.28209479177387814, 0), (0.19947114020071635, 0),
(0.10377687435514868, 0), (0.07338133158686996, 0),
(0.28209479177387814, -1), (0.19947114020071635, -1),
(0.10377687435514868, -1), (0.07338133158686996, -1)]
现在,如果你真的想要一些有趣的东西,你可以对它进行排序并将它们组合在一起。
from itertools import groupby
groups = groupby(sorted(tuples), key=lambda kv: kv[0])
创造了类似的东西:
[(0.07338133158686996, [(0.07338133158686996, 0,
0.07338133158686996, -1] ),
... ]
你可以通过以下方式将这些投入dict:
final_dict = {k: [v[1] for v in vs] for k, vs in groups}
最终应该给出:
{0.07338133158686996: [0, -1],
... }
答案 2 :(得分:0)
在dict中翻转键值的最简单方法是使用dict理解,它是这样的:{value: key for key, value in ORIGINAL_DICT.items()}
。完整示例:
REGION_PREFIX = {
'AB': 'Alberta',
'BC': 'British Columbia',
'IN': 'International',
'MB': 'Manitoba',
'NB': 'New Brunswick',
'NL': 'Newfoundland',
'NS': 'Nova Scotia',
'NU': 'Nunavut',
'NW': 'Northwest Territories',
'ON': 'Ontario',
'PE': 'Prince Edward Island',
'QC': 'Quebec',
'SK': 'Saskatchewan',
'US': 'United States',
'YK': 'Yukon',
}
REGION_PREFIX2 = {value: key for key, value in REGION_PREFIX.items()}
您的输出是这样的:
{'Alberta': 'AB', 'British Columbia': 'BC', 'International': 'IN', 'Manitoba': 'MB', 'New Brunswick': 'NB', 'Newfoundland': 'NL', 'Nova Scotia': 'NS', 'Nunavut': 'NU', 'Northwest Territories': 'NW', 'Ontario': 'ON', 'Prince Edward Island': 'PE', 'Quebec': 'QC', 'Saskatchewan': 'SK', 'United States': 'US', 'Yukon': 'YK'}
干杯!