Question

简短版本：我需要能够序列化/反序列化XML并根据我设置的自定义ID维护引用。我需要一些通用的东西，可以通过在序列化后建立引用来实现这一点，或者最好定制一个C＃serializer来处理这个。

我正在创建一个需要与各种应用程序通信的WCF应用程序。我们基本上构建了一个非常复杂的计算器我们确实有一个公共数据库，但是，用户对象的状态可能与DB中的状态不同，我们不希望存储此中间状态。

我需要能够使用自定义引用构建器的XML（参见WCF）传递复杂的相关对象。构建器需要根据每个对象具有的Id将对象放回到一起。我希望能够指定id，以便另一个应用程序（比如C ++）可以通过正确构建XML来调用我们的应用程序。

我知道 XmlSerializer 只会复制整个引用，而 DataContractSerializer 将保持引用完整性，但它会在现场创建一个标识符。 如何在序列化期间或序列化后解析这些引用？

如果答案是“你不能”，那么我提出以下问题。

目前我们已经构建了一个自定义序列化程序，但它是SLOW（XmlSerializer的速度是文件大小的8-30倍）。我们的自定义序列化程序可以处理以下XML，但它有第二步解析引用（在反序列化之后）。但是我将不得不做一些重要的返工和cusomization来让XmlSerializer使用它，因为我们需要XmlSerializer的性能。（I.E.使用id列表并在所有引用类上使用XmlIgnore解析这些引用）。 是否有任何工具或库已经为解决步骤或序列化步骤执行此操作？

编辑：当我反序列化时，我需要维护这些引用。如果我在课堂上改变了teacher.Name，它应该改变学校里的teacher.Name。

我已经整理了我正在讨论的简化版本以及我想用来解析它的XML。

public class Teacher
{
    //This is a made up annotation that represents what I'd like to happen.
    [DataMember(IsReferenceId = True)]
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
    //This is a made up annotation that represents what I'd like to happen.
    [DataMember(IsReference = True)]
    public List<Class> Classes { get; set; }

    public Teacher()
    {
        Classes = new List<Class>();
    }
    public Teacher(int id)
    {
        Classes = new List<Class>();
        Id = id;
    }
}

public class Class
{
    //This is a made up annotation that represents what I'd like to happen.
    [DataMember(IsReferenceId = True)]
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string Subject { get; set; }
    //This is a made up annotation that represents what I'd like to happen.
    [DataMember(IsReference = True)]
    public Teacher Teacher { get; set; }
    public Class()
    {}

    public Class(int id)
    {
        Id = id;
    }
}

public class School
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public List<Class> Classes { get; set; }
    public List<Teacher> Teachers { get; set; }
}

我希望能够像这样解析XML。

<School>
    <Classes>
        <Class>
            <Id>1</Id>
            <Subject>Biology</Subject>
            <Teacher><Id>1</Id></Teacher>
        </Class>
        <Class>
            <Id>2</Id>
            <Subject>Advanced Biology</Subject>
            <Teacher><Id>1</Id></Teacher>
        </Class>        
        <Class>
            <Id>3</Id>
            <Subject>Algebra</Subject>
            <Teacher><Id>2</Id></Teacher>
        </Class>            
        <Class>
            <Id>4</Id>
            <Subject>Trigonometry</Subject>
            <Teacher><Id>2</Id></Teacher>
        </Class>
    </Classes>
    <Teachers>
        <Teacher>
            <Id>1</Id>
            <Name>Biology Teacher</Name>
            <Classes>
                <Class><Id>1</Id></Class>
                <Class><Id>2</Id></Class>
            </Classes>
        </Teacher>
        <Teacher>
            <Id>2</Id>
            <Name>Biology Teacher</Name>
            <Classes>
                <Class><Id>3</Id></Class>
                <Class><Id>4</Id></Class>
            </Classes>
        </Teacher>
    </Teachers>
</School>

我没有包含任何反序列化或序列化的代码，因为实现将根据使用的序列化程序而有所不同。但是目前我正在使用带有[XmlIgnore]的XmlSerializer而不是[DataContract（IsReference = True）]。但是，我需要将这些引用放回去。

注意：JSON不是一个选项，但我们可以使用任何序列化Xml的开源库。

Answer 1

你的意思是Persist？：

using System;
using elios.Persist;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;

public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        var students = new List<Student>();

        students.Add(new Student {Name = "Alfred"});
        students.Add(new Student {Name = "Ben"});
        students.Add(new Student {Name = "Camila"});
        students.Add(new Student {Name = "Denise"});

        var alfred = students[0];
        var ben = students[1];
        var camila = students[2];
        var denise = students[3];

        alfred.AddFriend(ben);
        alfred.AddFriend(camila);
        ben.AddFriend(alfred);
        ben.AddFriend(denise);
        camila.AddFriend(alfred);
        camila.AddFriend(ben);
        camila.AddFriend(denise);
        denise.AddFriend(camila);

        var archive = new XmlArchive(typeof(List<Student>));
        string xml;

        using (var s = new MemoryStream())
        {
            archive.Write(s,students,"Students");
            s.Position = 0;

            using (var reader = new StreamReader(s))
            {
                xml = reader.ReadToEnd();
            }   
        }

        Console.WriteLine(xml);

    }
}


public class Student
{
    [Persist("Friends",IsReference = true, ChildName = "Friend")]
    private readonly List<Student> m_friends;

    public string Name { get; set; }


    public Student()
    {
        m_friends = new List<Student>();
    }

    public void AddFriend(Student friend)
    {
        m_friends.Add(friend);
    }
}

制作：

<Students>
  <Student Name="Alfred" id="4">
    <Friends>
      <Friend id="1" />
      <Friend id="2" />
    </Friends>
  </Student>
  <Student Name="Ben" id="1">
    <Friends>
      <Friend id="4" />
      <Friend id="5" />
    </Friends>
  </Student>
  <Student Name="Camila" id="2">
    <Friends>
      <Friend id="4" />
      <Friend id="1" />
      <Friend id="5" />
    </Friends>
  </Student>
  <Student Name="Denise" id="5">
    <Friends>
      <Friend id="2" />
    </Friends>
  </Student>
</Students>

Answer 2

试试这个

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Linq;


namespace ConsoleApplication34
{
    class Program
    {

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            string input = 
                 "<School>" +
                    "<Classes>" +
                        "<Class>" +
                            "<Id>1</Id>" +
                            "<Subject>Biology</Subject>" +
                            "<Teacher><Id>1</Id></Teacher>" +
                        "</Class>" +
                        "<Class>" +
                            "<Id>2</Id>" +
                            "<Subject>Advanced Biology</Subject>" +
                            "<Teacher><Id>1</Id></Teacher>" +
                        "</Class>" +        
                        "<Class>" +
                            "<Id>3</Id>" +
                            "<Subject>Algebra</Subject>" +
                            "<Teacher><Id>2</Id></Teacher>" +
                        "</Class>" +
                        "<Class>" +
                            "<Id>4</Id>" +
                            "<Subject>Trigonometry</Subject>" +
                            "<Teacher><Id>2</Id></Teacher>" +
                        "</Class>" +
                    "</Classes>" +
                    "<Teachers>" +
                        "<Teacher>" +
                            "<Id>1</Id>" +
                            "<Name>Biology Teacher</Name>" +
                            "<Classes>" +
                                "<Class><Id>1</Id></Class>" +
                                "<Class><Id>2</Id></Class>" +
                            "</Classes>" +
                        "</Teacher>" +
                        "<Teacher>" +
                            "<Id>2</Id>" +
                            "<Name>Biology Teacher</Name>" +
                            "<Classes>" +
                                "<Class><Id>3</Id></Class>" +
                                "<Class><Id>4</Id></Class>" +
                            "</Classes>" +
                        "</Teacher>" +
                    "</Teachers>" +
                "</School>";

            XDocument doc = XDocument.Parse(input);
            var results = doc.Elements().Select(x => new {
                classes = x.Element("Classes").Elements("Class").Select(y => new {
                    id = y.Element("Id").Value,
                    subject = y.Element("Subject").Value,
                    teacherId = y.Element("Teacher").Element("Id").Value 
                }).ToList(),
                teachers = x.Element("Teachers").Elements("Teacher").Select(y => new {
                    id = y.Element("Id").Value,
                    name = y.Element("Name").Value,
                    classIds = y.Element("Classes").Elements("Class").Select(z => z.Element("Id").Value).ToList()
                }).ToList()
            }).FirstOrDefault();
        }

    }

}

Answer 3

这是序列化。将xml标识添加到xml的第1行：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Serialization;

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
    class Program
    {
        const string FILENAME = @"c:\temp\test.xml";
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            XmlSerializer xs = new XmlSerializer(typeof(School));
            XmlTextReader reader = new XmlTextReader(FILENAME);
            School school = (School)xs.Deserialize(reader);
        }
    }
    [XmlRoot("Teachers")]
    public class Teachers
    {
        [XmlElement("Teacher")]
        public List<Teacher> teacher { get; set; }
    }
    [XmlRoot("Teacher")]
    public class Teacher
    {
        //This is a made up annotation that represents what I'd like to happen.
        [XmlElement("Id")]
        public int Id { get; set; }

        [XmlElement("Name")]
        public string Name { get; set; }
        //This is a made up annotation that represents what I'd like to happen.
        [XmlElement("Classes")]
        public List<Classes> Classes { get; set; }
    }
    [XmlRoot("Classes")]
    public class Classes
    {
        [XmlElement("Class")]
        public List<Class> c_class {get; set;} 
    }
    [XmlRoot("Class")]
    public class Class
    {
        //This is a made up annotation that represents what I'd like to happen.
        [XmlElement("Id")]
        public int Id { get; set; }
        [XmlElement("Subject")]
        public string Subject { get; set; }
        //This is a made up annotation that represents what I'd like to happen.
        [XmlElement("Teacher")]
        public Teacher Teacher { get; set; }

    }

    [XmlRoot("School")]
    public class School
    {
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public Classes Classes { get; set; }
        public Teachers Teachers { get; set; }
    }
}

使用自定义标识

3 个答案: