在sqlalchemy中反向引用两次到相同的名称

时间:2015-07-07 01:05:01

标签: python sqlalchemy

在我的数据库架构中,有匹配和团队,团队有first_opponentsecond_opponent。现在,每个都应该作为团队的反向引用。作为第一或第二对手没有真正的区别,因此反向引用应该具有相同的名称。但是,我不能简单地创建两个具有相同名称的反向引用。

这是我的表格定义(简化形式):

class Team(Base):
    __tablename__ = "teams"

    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    name = Column(String)

class Match(Base):
    __tablename__ = "matches"
    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    first_opponent_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey("teams.id"))
    second_opponent_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey("teams.id"))

    first_opponent = relationship("Team", backref=backref('matches'), foreign_keys=[first_opponent_id])
    second_opponent = relationship("Team", backref=backref('matches'), foreign_keys=[second_opponent_id])

这是我得到的错误:

sqlalchemy.exc.ArgumentError: Error creating backref 'matches' on relationship 'Match.second_opponent': property of that name exists on mapper 'Mapper|Team|teams'

解决这个问题的最佳方法是什么?为什么存在这种限制?

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

存在一个限制,因为任何对象都可以拥有最多一个具有相同名称的属性或方法。

但您可以执行以下操作:

  1. 使用两个不同的名字
  2. 创建第三个要在需要检查所有匹配项时使用的。在这里,您可以使用简单的@property
  3. 代码:

    class Team(Base):
        __tablename__ = "teams"
    
        id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
        name = Column(String)
    
        @property
        def matches(self):
            return self.matches_to + self.matches_from
    
    
    class Match(Base):
        __tablename__ = "matches"
        id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
        first_opponent_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey("teams.id"))
        second_opponent_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey("teams.id"))
    
        first_opponent = relationship(
            "Team", backref=backref('matches_to'),
            foreign_keys=[first_opponent_id],
        )
        second_opponent = relationship(
            "Team", backref=backref('matches_from'),
            foreign_keys=[second_opponent_id],
        )
    

    以下测试代码现在应该可以使用:

    t1, t2, t3 = Team(name='uno'), Team(name='due'), Team(name='tre')
    m1 = Match(first_opponent=t1, second_opponent=t2)
    m2 = Match(first_opponent=t1, second_opponent=t3)
    m3 = Match(first_opponent=t2, second_opponent=t3)
    assert 2 == len(t1.matches)
    assert 2 == len(t2.matches)
    assert 2 == len(t3.matches)
    session.add_all([t1, t2, t3])
    session.commit()
    
    assert 2 == len(t1.matches)