Question

在我的main方法中调用方法时遇到一些麻烦。我只是想从＆＃34; init＆＃34;中的数组中随机获取一个单词。方法，找到它的长度，然后打印所有信息。（随机数生成，哪个词也相关，它的长度）。刚开始使用C，所有帮助都表示赞赏。

#include "stdio.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "string.h"
#include "hangman.h"

void init(char* word);


int main(void)
{
   char word[MAX_WORD_LEN + 1];
   unsigned wrongGuesses = 0;
   int guessedLetters[ALPHABET_SIZE] = {
      0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
   };


init(); 



   return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}



void init(char* word)
{
   const char* words[NUM_WORDS] = {
      "array",      "auto",       "break",      "case",       "cast",
      "character",  "comment",    "compiler",   "constant",   "continue",
      "default",    "double",     "dynamic",    "else",       "enum",
      "expression", "extern",     "file",       "float",      "function",
      "goto",       "heap",       "identifier", "library",    "linker",
      "long",       "macro",      "operand",    "operator",   "pointer",
      "prototype",  "recursion",  "register",   "return",     "short",
      "signed",     "sizeof",     "stack",      "statement",  "static",
      "string",     "struct",     "switch",     "typedef",    "union",
      "unsigned",   "variable",   "void",       "volatile",   "while"
   };

    srand(time(NULL));
    int randomNumber;
    randomNumber = rand() %51;
    printf("%d\n", randomNumber);
    int wordLength = strlen(words[randomNumber]);
    printf("%d %s\n", wordLength, words[randomNumber]);
}

Answer 1

您已将init声明为参数char*的函数，但在没有参数的情况下调用它。

Answer 2

修改函数原型以及从void init(char * word)到void init()的定义，因为你已经在函数中定义了const char* words[NUM_WORDS]，你不需要传递任何参数。

Answer 3

不要为您的功能命名＆＃39; init＆＃39;如果它不是为初始化任何东西而设计的。将其命名为getRandomWord，或者说是什么。

您的words数组包含50个项目，因此其有效索引的范围为0到49.因此，您应截断rand()结果模50，而不是51.无论如何，它更安全使用预定义的宏来表示常量：

int randomNumber = rand() % NUM_WORDS;

<强> ADDED

您也可以删除大小并让编译器在需要时进行计算。然后，您可以在未来版本中自由添加新单词而无需更新NUM_WORDS定义：这是技巧：获取数组的大小（以字节为单位）并将其除以数组项的大小。

const char* words[] = {  // size defined implicitly by a words list
  "array",      "auto",       "break",      "case",       "cast"
  // .....
};

int num_words = sizeof words / sizeof words[0];
int randomNumber = rand() % num_words;

（＆＃39;已添加＆＃39;。）

多次使用srand()，rand()次：

main()
{
    char word[ MAX_WORD_LEN + 1];

    // some preparations
    .....
    srand( time(NULL) );

    // main work

    while( still_want_to_work )
    {
        getRandomWord( word );
        processTheWord( word ); // eg. print it
    }
}

然后getRandomWord(char *word)可能会向调用者发送一个随机字词：

void getRandomWord(char* word)
{
    const char* words[] = {
      "array",      "auto",       "break",      "case",       "cast"
      //......
   };

    int randomNumber = rand() % (sizeof words / sizeof words[0]);
    printf("%d\n", randomNumber);
    int wordLength = strlen(words[randomNumber]);
    printf("%d %s\n", wordLength, words[randomNumber]);

    // copy the word to a buffer prepared by a caller
    strncpy( word, words[randomNumber], MAX_WORD_LEN );
    // and terminate the result in case the source is too long
    word[MAX_WORD_LEN] = 0;
}

调用方法C.

3 个答案: