我想打开一个50 MB的二进制文件,只读取最后4个字节并将其转换为字符串用于某种目的。
我现在发现的唯一方法就是使用LoadStringFromFile
,将文件完全加载到内存中,然后复制最后4个字节,但是这个方法非常慢,因为二进制文件很重。
在Inno Setup脚本中有没有更好的方法呢?
更新:
这是我从Martin Prikryl的回答
编辑的最终工作函数function readlast4byte() : AnsiString;
var
Stream: TFileStream;
Buffer: string;
Count: Integer;
Index: Integer;
begin
Count := 4;
Stream := TFileStream.Create('C:\test.txt', fmOpenRead);
try
Stream.Seek(-Count, soFromEnd);
SetLength(Buffer, 1);
SetLength(Result, Count);
for Index := 1 to Count do
begin
Stream.ReadBuffer(Buffer, 1);
Result[Index] := Chr(Ord(Buffer[1])) ;
end;
finally
Stream.Free;
end;
end;
更新2:
这也是由TLama编写的另一个伟大的工作功能,也应该标记为答案:
[Code]
#IFNDEF Unicode
#DEFINE CharSize 1
#ELSE
#DEFINE CharSize 2
#ENDIF
type
TSeekOrigin = (
soBeginning,
soCurrent,
soEnd
);
#IFDEF UNICODE
function BufferToAnsi(const Buffer: string): AnsiString;
var
W: Word;
I: Integer;
begin
SetLength(Result, Length(Buffer) * 2);
for I := 1 to Length(Buffer) do
begin
W := Ord(Buffer[I]);
Result[(I * 2)] := Chr(W shr 8); // high byte
Result[(I * 2) - 1] := Chr(Byte(W)); // low byte
end;
end;
#ENDIF
function ReadStringFromFile(const FileName: string; Origin: TSeekOrigin; Offset, Length: Integer;
var S: AnsiString): Boolean;
var
Buffer: string;
Stream: TFileStream;
begin
Result := True;
try
Stream := TFileStream.Create(FileName, fmOpenRead);
try
Stream.Seek(Offset, Ord(Origin));
SetLength(Buffer, Length div {#CharSize});
Stream.ReadBuffer(Buffer, Length);
#IFNDEF UNICODE
S := Buffer;
#ELSE
S := BufferToAnsi(Buffer);
#ENDIF
finally
Stream.Free;
end;
except
Result := False;
end;
end;
答案 0 :(得分:3)
您可以使用TFileStream
support class:
TStream = class(TObject)
function Read(Buffer: String; Count: Longint): Longint;
function Write(Buffer: String; Count: Longint): Longint;
function Seek(Offset: Longint; Origin: Word): Longint;
procedure ReadBuffer(Buffer: String; Count: Longint);
procedure WriteBuffer(Buffer: String; Count: Longint);
function CopyFrom(Source: TStream; Count: Longint): Longint;
property Position: Longint; read write;
property Size: Longint; read write;
end;
THandleStream = class(TStream)
constructor Create(AHandle: Integer);
property Handle: Integer; read;
end;
TFileStream = class(THandleStream)
constructor Create(Filename: String; Mode: Word);
end;
使用.Seek(-4, soFromEnd)
属性查找指向所需位置的读指针。
复杂的是TStream
使用字符而不是字节,因此您必须将读取的Unicode字符串转换为字节。
当只读取四个字节时,它更容易逐字节读取,防止任何多字节转换:
procedure ReadFileEnd;
var
Stream: TFileStream;
Buffer: string;
Count: Integer;
Index: Integer;
begin
Count := 4;
Stream := TFileStream.Create('my_binary_file.dat', fmOpenRead);
try
Stream.Seek(-Count, soFromEnd);
SetLength(Buffer, 1);
for Index := 1 to Count do
begin
Stream.ReadBuffer(Buffer, 1);
Log(Format('Byte %2.2x: %2.2x', [Index, Ord(Buffer[1])]));
end;
finally
Stream.Free;
end;
end;
这里是来自@TLama的通用替代品,可有效地用于任意大读取:
https://pastebin.com/nzGEdXVj
顺便说一句,对我来说,LoadStringFromFile
function似乎足以加载50 MB文件。它只需要40毫秒。