Question

所有，我已经四处搜索，找不到如何做到这一点的答案。我对R比较新，并且之前没有使用常规表达式，但基本上我将一些数据放入这样的字段中：

"#Route - 6 #Category - PARKING #Details - Parking issues#Result - MOVED ON #Vehicle Type - Mercedes "

我基本上希望能够将字符串拆分为不同的元素，因此＃之后的每个类别都有自己的列。

我尝试使用tidyr包并且最初尝试过：

string %>% separate(Description, into  =  c("Route","Details","Result","License No",
                        "Vehicle Desciption"),
                sep = "\n#", remove =F, extra =  "drop")

但意识到我只想要“ - ”之后的数据。我尝试在代码中插入“ - ”但它不起作用。有谁知道如何在“ - ”和“＃”之间理想地分割字符串。

非常感谢

Answer 1

在一行中：

> gsub("^\\s+|\\s+$","",gsub(".*?[-]","",unlist(strsplit(str,"#"))))
[1] ""               "6"              "PARKING"        "Parking issues" "MOVED ON"       "Mercedes"

或分开以便更好地理解：用“＃”打破字符串：

a = unlist(strsplit(str,"#"))

删除“ - ”

之前的内容

b = gsub(".*?[-]","",a)

删除前导和尾随空格：

gsub("^\\s+|\\s+$","",b)

Answer 2

您可以执行以下操作：

strsplit(x, ' *#[^-]+- *')[[1]][2:6]
# [1] "6"              "PARKING"        "Parking issues" "MOVED ON"       "Mercedes"

要提供您想要的列名，我想您可以执行以下操作：

mat <- matrix(strsplit(x, ' *#[^-]+- *')[[1]][2:6], ncol=5, byrow=T)
colnames(mat) <- c('Route', 'CAT', 'Details', 'Result', 'Vehicle Description')

#      Route CAT       Details          Result     Vehicle Description
# [1,] "6"   "PARKING" "Parking issues" "MOVED ON" "Mercedes"

Answer 3

使用str_extract

中的stringr

library(stringr)
str_extract_all(str1, '(?<=-\\s)\\w+(?:\\s*\\w+){0,}')[[1]]
#[1] "6"              "PARKING"        "Parking issues" "MOVED ON"      
#[5] "Mercedes"      

 str_extract_all(str2, '(?<=-\\s)\\w+(?:\\s*\\w+){0,}')[[1]]
 #[1] "6"                          "PARKING"                   
 #[3] "Parking issues"             "MOVED ON"                  
 #[5] "Mercedes"                   "Parking issues are present"
 #[7] "MOVED ON"                   "Mercedes"

数据

str1 <- "#Route - 6 #Category - PARKING #Details - Parking issues#Result - MOVED ON #Vehicle Type - Mercedes "

str2 <- "#Route - 6 #Category - PARKING #Details - Parking issues#Result - MOVED ON #Vehicle Type - Mercedes #Details - Parking issues are present#Result - MOVED ON #Vehicle Type - Mercedes "

通过两个字符标记

3 个答案:

数据