如何检查两个数组是否与JavaScript相同?

时间:2010-06-25 06:24:22

标签: javascript

var a = [1, 2, 3];
var b = [3, 2, 1];
var c = new Array(1, 2, 3);

alert(a == b + "|" + b == c);

demo

如何检查这些数组是否相等,并获得一个方法,如果它们相等则返回true

jQuery是否为此提供了任何方法?

15 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:224)

这是你应该做的。请不要使用stringify< >

function arraysEqual(a, b) {
  if (a === b) return true;
  if (a == null || b == null) return false;
  if (a.length != b.length) return false;

  // If you don't care about the order of the elements inside
  // the array, you should sort both arrays here.
  // Please note that calling sort on an array will modify that array.
  // you might want to clone your array first.

  for (var i = 0; i < a.length; ++i) {
    if (a[i] !== b[i]) return false;
  }
  return true;
}

答案 1 :(得分:64)

jQuery没有比较数组的方法。然而,Underscore library(或类似的Lodash库)确实有这样一种方法:isEqual,它也可以处理各种其他情况(如对象文字)。坚持提供的例子:

var a=[1,2,3];
var b=[3,2,1];
var c=new Array(1,2,3);

alert(_.isEqual(a, b) + "|" + _.isEqual(b, c));

顺便说一句:Underscore还有很多其他jQuery缺失的方法,所以它是jQuery的很好的补充。

编辑:正如评论中指出的那样,上述内容现在只有在两个数组的元素顺序相同时才有效,即:。

_.isEqual([1,2,3], [1,2,3]); // true
_.isEqual([1,2,3], [3,2,1]); // false

幸运的是,Javascript有一个内置的方法来解决这个问题,sort

_.isEqual([1,2,3].sort(), [3,2,1].sort()); // true

答案 2 :(得分:32)

对于数字和字符串等原始值,这是一个简单的解决方案:

a = [1,2,3]

b = [3,2,1]

a.sort().toString() == b.sort().toString() 

sort()的调用将确保元素的顺序无关紧要。 toString()调用将创建一个字符串,其值为逗号分隔,因此可以测试两个字符串是否相等。

答案 3 :(得分:19)

使用JavaScript 1.6版,它就像这样简单:

Array.prototype.equals = function( array ) {
  return this.length == array.length && 
         this.every( function(this_i,i) { return this_i == array[i] } )  
  }

例如,[].equals([])提供true,而[1,2,3].equals( [1,3,2] )提供false

答案 4 :(得分:8)

即使这看起来非常简单,但有时它确实非常有用。如果您只需要查看两个数组是否具有相同的项目并且它们的顺序相同,请尝试以下操作:

[1, 2, 3].toString() == [1, 2, 3].toString()
true
[1, 2, 3,].toString() == [1, 2, 3].toString()
true
[1,2,3].toString() == [1, 2, 3].toString()
true

但是,这不适用于模式高级案例,例如:

[[1,2],[3]].toString() == [[1],[2,3]].toString()
true

这取决于你的需要。

答案 5 :(得分:7)

基于Tim James answer和Fox32的评论,以下内容应检查空值,并假设两个空值不相等。

function arrays_equal(a,b) { return !!a && !!b && !(a<b || b<a); }

> arrays_equal([1,2,3], [1,3,4])
false
> arrays_equal([1,2,3], [1,2,3])
true
> arrays_equal([1,3,4], [1,2,3])
false
> arrays_equal(null, [1,2,3])
false
> arrays_equal(null, null)
false

答案 6 :(得分:5)

jQuery有这样的方法for deep recursive comparison

本土的通用严格平等检查可能如下所示:

function deepEquals(obj1, obj2, parents1, parents2) {
    "use strict";
    var i;
    // compare null and undefined
    if (obj1 === undefined || obj2 === undefined || 
        obj1 === null || obj2 === null) {
        return obj1 === obj2;
    }

    // compare primitives
    if (typeof (obj1) !== 'object' || typeof (obj2) !== 'object') {
        return obj1.valueOf() === obj2.valueOf();
    }

    // if objects are of different types or lengths they can't be equal
    if (obj1.constructor !== obj2.constructor || (obj1.length !== undefined && obj1.length !== obj2.length)) {
        return false;
    }

    // iterate the objects
    for (i in obj1) {
        // build the parents list for object on the left (obj1)
        if (parents1 === undefined) parents1 = [];
        if (obj1.constructor === Object) parents1.push(obj1);
        // build the parents list for object on the right (obj2)
        if (parents2 === undefined) parents2 = [];
        if (obj2.constructor === Object) parents2.push(obj2);
        // walk through object properties
        if (obj1.propertyIsEnumerable(i)) {
            if (obj2.propertyIsEnumerable(i)) {
                // if object at i was met while going down here
                // it's a self reference
                if ((obj1[i].constructor === Object && parents1.indexOf(obj1[i]) >= 0) || (obj2[i].constructor === Object && parents2.indexOf(obj2[i]) >= 0)) {
                    if (obj1[i] !== obj2[i]) {
                        return false;
                    }
                    continue;
                }
                // it's not a self reference so we are here
                if (!deepEquals(obj1[i], obj2[i], parents1, parents2)) {
                    return false;
                }
            } else {
                // obj2[i] does not exist
                return false;
            }
        }
    }
    return true;
};

试验:

// message is displayed on failure
// clean console === all tests passed
function assertTrue(cond, msg) {
    if (!cond) {
        console.log(msg);
    }
}

var a = 'sdf',
    b = 'sdf';
assertTrue(deepEquals(b, a), 'Strings are equal.');
b = 'dfs';
assertTrue(!deepEquals(b, a), 'Strings are not equal.');
a = 9;
b = 9;
assertTrue(deepEquals(b, a), 'Numbers are equal.');
b = 3;
assertTrue(!deepEquals(b, a), 'Numbers are not equal.');
a = false;
b = false;
assertTrue(deepEquals(b, a), 'Booleans are equal.');
b = true;
assertTrue(!deepEquals(b, a), 'Booleans are not equal.');
a = null;
assertTrue(!deepEquals(b, a), 'Boolean is not equal to null.');
a = function () {
    return true;
};
assertTrue(deepEquals(
[
    [1, 1, 1],
    [2, 'asdf', [1, a]],
    [3, {
        'a': 1.0
    },
    true]
], 
[
    [1, 1, 1],
    [2, 'asdf', [1, a]],
    [3, {
        'a': 1.0
    },
    true]
]), 'Arrays are equal.');
assertTrue(!deepEquals(
[
    [1, 1, 1],
    [2, 'asdf', [1, a]],
    [3, {
        'a': 1.0
    },
    true]
],
[
    [1, 1, 1],
    [2, 'asdf', [1, a]],
    [3, {
        'a': '1'
    },
    true]
]), 'Arrays are not equal.');
a = {
    prop: 'val'
};
a.self = a;
b = {
    prop: 'val'
};
b.self = a;
assertTrue(deepEquals(b, a), 'Immediate self referencing objects are equal.');
a.prop = 'shmal';
assertTrue(!deepEquals(b, a), 'Immediate self referencing objects are not equal.');
a = {
    prop: 'val',
    inside: {}
};
a.inside.self = a;
b = {
    prop: 'val',
    inside: {}
};
b.inside.self = a;
assertTrue(deepEquals(b, a), 'Deep self referencing objects are equal.');
b.inside.self = b;
assertTrue(!deepEquals(b, a), 'Deep self referencing objects are not equeal. Not the same instance.');
b.inside.self = {foo: 'bar'};
assertTrue(!deepEquals(b, a), 'Deep self referencing objects are not equal. Completely different object.');
a = {};
b = {};
a.self = a;
b.self = {};
assertTrue(!deepEquals(b, a), 'Empty object and self reference of an empty object.');

答案 7 :(得分:4)

一旦检查了数组的大小,就用for循环检查每个值。

D: [16, 19, 22, 25, 28]

答案 8 :(得分:2)

使用map()reduce()

function arraysEqual (a1, a2) {
    return a1 === a2 || (
        a1 !== null && a2 !== null &&
        a1.length === a2.length &&
        a1
            .map(function (val, idx) { return val === a2[idx]; })
            .reduce(function (prev, cur) { return prev && cur; }, true)
    );
}

答案 9 :(得分:2)

如果您使用的是lodash并且不想修改任何一个数组,则可以使用the function _.xor()。它将两个数组作为集合进行比较,并返回包含其差异的集合。如果此差异的长度为零,则两个数组基本相等:

var a = [1, 2, 3];
var b = [3, 2, 1];
var c = new Array(1, 2, 3);
_.xor(a, b).length === 0
true
_.xor(b, c).length === 0
true

答案 10 :(得分:1)

没有简单的方法可以做到这一点。我也需要这个,但想要一个可以接受任何两个变量并测试相等性的函数。这包括非对象值,对象,数组和任何级别的嵌套。

在你的问题中,你提到要忽略数组中值的顺序。我的解决方案本身并不这样做,但您可以通过在比较相等性之前对数组进行排序来实现它

我还想选择将非对象转换为字符串,以便[1,2] === [“1”,2]

由于我的项目使用的是UnderscoreJs,所以我决定将它作为mixin而不是一个独立的函数。

您可以在http://jsfiddle.net/nemesarial/T44W4/

上测试一下

这是我的mxin:

_.mixin({
  /**
  Tests for the equality of two variables
    valA: first variable
    valB: second variable
    stringifyStatics: cast non-objects to string so that "1"===1
  **/
  equal:function(valA,valB,stringifyStatics){
    stringifyStatics=!!stringifyStatics;

    //check for same type
    if(typeof(valA)!==typeof(valB)){
      if((_.isObject(valA) || _.isObject(valB))){
        return false;
      }
    }

    //test non-objects for equality
    if(!_.isObject(valA)){
      if(stringifyStatics){
        var valAs=''+valA;
        var valBs=''+valB;
        ret=(''+valA)===(''+valB);
      }else{
        ret=valA===valB;
      }
      return ret;
    }

    //test for length
    if(_.size(valA)!=_.size(valB)){
      return false;
    }

    //test for arrays first
    var isArr=_.isArray(valA);

    //test whether both are array or both object
    if(isArr!==_.isArray(valB)){
      return false;
    }

    var ret=true;
    if(isArr){
      //do test for arrays
      _.each(valA,function(val,idx,lst){
        if(!ret){return;}
        ret=ret && _.equal(val,valB[idx],stringifyStatics);
      });
    }else{
      //do test for objects
      _.each(valA,function(val,idx,lst){
        if(!ret){return;}

        //test for object member exists
        if(!_.has(valB,idx)){
          ret=false;
          return;
        }

        // test for member equality
        ret=ret && _.equal(val,valB[idx],stringifyStatics);
      });

    }
    return ret;
  }
});

这是您使用它的方式:

_.equal([1,2,3],[1,2,"3"],true)

要演示嵌套,您可以这样做:

_.equal(
    ['a',{b:'b',c:[{'someId':1},2]},[1,2,3]],
    ['a',{b:'b',c:[{'someId':"1"},2]},["1",'2',3]]
,true);

答案 11 :(得分:1)

如果你想检查对象数组是否相等,顺序无关紧要,即

areEqual([{id: "0"}, {id: "1"}], [{id: "1"}, {id: "0"}]) // true

您希望先对数组进行排序。通过合并sortByisEquallodash拥有您需要的所有工具:

// arr1 & arr2: Arrays of objects 
// sortProperty: the property of the object with which you want to sort
// Note: ensure every object in both arrays has your chosen sortProperty
// For example, arr1 = [{id: "v-test_id0"}, {id: "v-test_id1"}]
// and          arr2 = [{id: "v-test_id1"}, {id: "v-test_id0"}]
// sortProperty should be 'id'

function areEqual (arr1, arr2, sortProperty) {
  return _.areEqual(_.sortBy(arr1, sortProperty), _.sortBy(arr2, sortProperty))
}

编辑:由于sortBy返回一个新数组,因此无需在排序前克隆数组。原始数组不会发生变异。

请注意,对于lodash的isEqual订单确实很重要。如果false未首先应用于每个阵列,则上述示例将返回sortBy

答案 12 :(得分:0)

它处理所有可能的东西,甚至在对象的结构中引用它自己。您可以在代码末尾看到示例。

var deepCompare = (function() {
    function internalDeepCompare (obj1, obj2, objects) {
        var i, objPair;

        if (obj1 === obj2) {
            return true;
        }

        i = objects.length;
        while (i--) {
            objPair = objects[i];
            if (  (objPair.obj1 === obj1 && objPair.obj2 === obj2) ||
                  (objPair.obj1 === obj2 && objPair.obj2 === obj1)  ) {                          
                return true;
            }                    
        }
        objects.push({obj1: obj1, obj2: obj2});

        if (obj1 instanceof Array) {
            if (!(obj2 instanceof Array)) {
                return false;
            }

            i = obj1.length;

            if (i !== obj2.length) {
               return false; 
            }

            while (i--) {
                if (!internalDeepCompare(obj1[i], obj2[i], objects)) {
                    return false;
                }
            }
        }
        else {
            switch (typeof obj1) {
                case "object":                
                    // deal with null
                    if (!(obj2 && obj1.constructor === obj2.constructor)) {
                        return false;
                    }

                    if (obj1 instanceof RegExp) {
                        if (!(obj2 instanceof RegExp && obj1.source === obj2.source)) {
                            return false;
                        }
                    }                 
                    else if (obj1 instanceof Date) {
                        if (!(obj2 instanceof Date && obj1.getTime() === obj2.getTime())) {
                            return false;
                        }
                    } 
                    else {    
                        for (i in obj1) {
                            if (obj1.hasOwnProperty(i)) {       
                                if (!(obj2.hasOwnProperty(i) && internalDeepCompare(obj1[i], obj2[i], objects))) {
                                    return false;
                                }
                            }
                        }         
                    }
                    break;
                case "function": 
                    if (!(typeof obj2 === "function" && obj1+"" === obj2+"")) {
                        return false;
                    }
                    break;
                default:                 //deal with NaN 
                    if (obj1 !== obj2 && obj1 === obj1 && obj2 === obj2) {
                        return false;            
                    }
            }
        }

        return true;
    }

    return function (obj1, obj2) {
        return internalDeepCompare(obj1, obj2, []);    
    };
}());

/*    
var a = [a, undefined, new Date(10), /.+/, {a:2}, function(){}, Infinity, -Infinity, NaN, 0, -0, 1, [4,5], "1", "-1", "a", null],
    b = [b, undefined, new Date(10), /.+/, {a:2}, function(){}, Infinity, -Infinity, NaN, 0, -0, 1, [4,5], "1", "-1", "a", null];
deepCompare(a, b);
*/

答案 13 :(得分:-1)

这种方法很糟糕,但我把它留在这里供参考,以便其他人避开这条道路:


使用@ninjagecko的选项1对我来说效果最好:

Array.prototype.equals = function(array) {
    return array instanceof Array && JSON.stringify(this) === JSON.stringify(array) ;
}

a = [1, [2, 3]]
a.equals([[1, 2], 3]) // false
a.equals([1, [2, 3]]) // true

它还将处理null和undefined大小写,因为我们将它添加到数组的原型并检查另一个参数也是一个数组。

答案 14 :(得分:-1)

var a= [1, 2, 3, '3'];
var b = [1, 2, 3];

var c = a.filter(function (i) { return ! ~b.indexOf(i); });

alert(c.length);
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