需要从tripAdvisor中提取更多信息
我的代码：
item = TripadvisorItem()
item['url'] = response.url.encode('ascii', errors='ignore')
item['state'] = hxs.xpath('//*[@id="PAGE"]/div[2]/div[1]/ul/li[2]/a/span/text()').extract()[0].encode('ascii', errors='ignore')
if(item['state']==[]):
item['state']=hxs.xpath('//*[@id="HEADING_GROUP"]/div[2]/address/span/span/span[contains(@class,"region_title")][2]/text()').extract()
item['city'] = hxs.select('//*[@id="PAGE"]/div[2]/div[1]/ul/li[3]/a/span/text()').extract()
if(item['city']==[]):
item['city'] =hxs.xpath('//*[@id="HEADING_GROUP"]/div[2]/address/span/span/span[1]/span/text()').extract()
if(item['city']==[]):
item['city']=hxs.xpath('//*[@id="HEADING_GROUP"]/div[2]/address/span/span/span[3]/span/text()').extract()
item['city']= item['city'][0].encode('ascii', errors='ignore')
item['hotelName'] = hxs.xpath('//*[@id="HEADING"]/span[2]/span/a/text()').extract()
item['hotelName']=item['hotelName'][0].encode('ascii', errors='ignore')
reviews = hxs.select('.//div[contains(@id, "review")]')
1。对于tripAdvisor中的每家酒店，酒店都有一个身份证号码。喜欢这家酒店的80075：http://www.tripadvisor.com/Hotel_Review-g60763-d80075-Reviews-Amsterdam_Court_Hotel-New_York_City_New_York.html#REVIEWS
如何从TA项中提取此ID？
我需要为每家酒店提供更多信息：shortDescription，stars，zipCode，country和coordinates（long，lat）。我可以提取这些东西吗？
我需要为每个评论提取旅行者类型。怎么样？ 我的审核代码：
for review in reviews:
it = Review()
it['state'] = item['state']
it['city'] = item['city']
it['hotelName'] = item['hotelName']
it['date'] = review.xpath('.//div[1]/div[2]/div/div[2]/span[2]/@title').extract()
if(it['date']==[]):
it['date']=review.xpath('.//div[1]/div[2]/div/div[2]/span[2]/text()').extract()
if(it['date']!=[]):
it['date']=it['date'][0].encode('ascii', errors='ignore').replace("Reviewed","").strip()
it['userName'] = review.xpath('.//div[contains(@class,"username mo")]/span/text()').extract()
if (it['userName']!=[]):
it['userName']=it['userName'][0].encode('ascii', errors='ignore')
it['userLocation'] = ''.join(review.xpath('.//div[contains(@class,"location")]/text()').extract()).strip().encode('ascii', errors='ignore')
it['reviewTitle'] = review.xpath('.//div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div[contains(@class,"quote")]/text()').extract()
if(it['reviewTitle']!=[]):
it['reviewTitle']=it['reviewTitle'][0].encode('ascii', errors='ignore')
else:
it['reviewTitle'] = review.xpath('.//div[1]/div[2]/div/div[1]/a/span[contains(@class,"noQuotes")]/text()').extract()
if(it['reviewTitle']!=[]):
it['reviewTitle']=it['reviewTitle'][0].encode('ascii', errors='ignore')
it['reviewContent'] = review.xpath('.//div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div[3]/p/text()').extract()
if(it['reviewContent']!=[]):
it['reviewContent']=it['reviewContent'][0].encode('ascii', errors='ignore').strip()
it['generalRating'] = review.xpath('.//div/div[2]/div/div[2]/span[1]/img/@alt').extract()
if(it['generalRating']!=[]):
it['generalRating'] =it['generalRating'][0].encode('ascii', errors='ignore').split()[0]
有一本很好的手册如何找到这些东西？我迷失了所有的跨度和div ..
谢谢！
答案 0 :(得分：2)
我会尝试在纯XPath中执行此操作。不幸的是，看起来您想要的大部分信息都包含在<script>标记中：
substring-before(normalize-space(substring-after(//script[contains(., "geoId:") and contains(., "lat")]/text(), "locId:")), ",")
或者，酒店ID位于URL中，正如另一位回答者所提及的那样。如果您确定格式始终相同（例如在ID之前加上“d”），那么您可以使用它。
//span[contains(@class, "rating_rr")]/img/@content
此页面上有几个评分实例。顶部的主要评级是我在这里抓到的。我没有在Scrapy中测试过这个，所以它可能是由JavaScript提供的，而不是最初作为HTML的一部分加载。如果是这种情况，你需要把它拿到别的地方或使用像Selenium / PhantomJS这样的东西。
(//span[@property="v:postal-code"]/text())[1]
再次，与上述相同的交易。它在HTML中，但是您应该在页面加载时检查它是否存在。
substring-before(substring-after(//script[contains(., "modelLocaleCountry")]/text(), "modelLocaleCountry = "), ";")
这个附带引号。您可以随时（并且应该）使用管道来清理已删除的数据，使其看起来像您想要的那样。
Lat：substring-before(normalize-space(substring-after(//script[contains(., "geoId:") and contains(., "lat")]/text(), "lat:")), ",")
Lon：substring-before(normalize-space(substring-after(//script[contains(., "geoId:") and contains(., "lat")]/text(), "lng:")), ",")
我不完全确定此页面上的简短描述存在于何处，因此我没有将其包括在内。您可能必须在其他地方导航才能获得它。我也不是100％肯定“旅行者类型”的意思，所以我会把那个留给你。
就手册而言，它实际上与练习有关。您将学习在XPath中工作的技巧和黑客，而Scrapy允许您使用一些附加功能，例如正则表达式和管道。我不建议做整个“绝对路径”XPath（即./div/div[3]/div[2]/ul/li[3]/...），因为任何与DOM内的偏差都会完全破坏你的抓取。如果您有大量数据需要抓取，并且您计划保持一段时间，那么如果任何网站移动到一个<div>，您的项目将很快变得无法管理。
我建议更多“查询”XPath，例如//div[contains(@class, "foo")]//a[contains(@href, "detailID")]。这样的路径将确保无论在你知道的元素之间放置多少元素，即使多个目标元素彼此略有不同，你也能够一致地抓住它们。
XPaths有很多试验和错误。很多。以下是一些可以帮助我的工具：
scrapy shell <URL> scrapy view <URL>（用于在浏览器中呈现Scrapy的响应）希望其中一些有所帮助。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
使用正则表达式从URL获取它是否可以接受？
package org.kp.oppr.remediation.batch.csv;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
import org.remediation.batch.csv.FlatFileItemReaderNewLine;
import org.remediation.batch.model.RawItem;
import org.remediation.batch.model.RawItemLineMapper;
import org.springframework.batch.core.ExitStatus;
import org.springframework.batch.core.StepExecution;
import org.springframework.batch.core.StepExecutionListener;
import org.springframework.batch.core.annotation.BeforeStep;
import org.springframework.batch.item.file.LineCallbackHandler;
import org.springframework.batch.item.file.LineMapper;
import org.springframework.batch.item.file.mapping.DefaultLineMapper;
import org.springframework.batch.item.file.mapping.FieldSetMapper;
import org.springframework.batch.item.file.transform.DelimitedLineTokenizer;
import org.springframework.batch.item.file.transform.FieldSet;
import org.springframework.batch.item.file.transform.LineTokenizer;
import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;
import org.springframework.util.Assert;
import org.springframework.validation.BindException;
public class RawItemCsvReader extends MultiResourceItemReader<RawItem>
implements StepExecutionListener, LineCallbackHandler,
FieldSetMapper<RawItem> {
static final Logger LOGGER = LogManager.getLogger(RawItemCsvReader.class);
final private String COLUMN_NAMES_KEY = "COLUMNS_NAMES_KEY";
private StepExecution stepExecution;
private DefaultLineMapper<RawItem> lineMapper;
private String[] columnNames;
private Resource[] resources;
// = DelimitedLineTokenizer.DELIMITER_COMMA;
private char quoteCharacter = DelimitedLineTokenizer.DEFAULT_QUOTE_CHARACTER;
private String delimiter;
public RawItemCsvReader() {
setLinesToSkip(0);
setSkippedLinesCallback(this);
}
@Override
public void afterPropertiesSet() {
// not in constructor to ensure we invoke the override
final DefaultLineMapper<RawItem> lineMapper = new RawItemLineMapper();
setLineMapper(lineMapper);
}
/**
* Satisfies {@link LineCallbackHandler} contract and and Acts as the
* {@code skippedLinesCallback}.
*
* @param line
*/
@Override
public void handleLine(String line) {
getLineMapper().setLineTokenizer(getTokenizer());
getLineMapper().setFieldSetMapper(this);
}
private LineTokenizer getTokenizer() {
// this.columnNames = line.split(delimiter);
DelimitedLineTokenizer lineTokenizer = new DelimitedLineTokenizer();
lineTokenizer.setQuoteCharacter(quoteCharacter);
lineTokenizer.setDelimiter(delimiter);
lineTokenizer.setStrict(true);
lineTokenizer.setNames(columnNames);
addColumnNames();
return lineTokenizer;
}
private void addColumnNames() {
stepExecution.getExecutionContext().put(COLUMN_NAMES_KEY, columnNames);
}
@Override
public void setResources(Resource[] resources) {
this.resources = resources;
super.setResources(resources);
}
/**
* Provides acces to an otherwise hidden field in parent class. We need this
* because we have to reconfigure the {@link LineMapper} based on file
* contents.
*
* @param lineMapper
*/
@Override
public void setLineMapper(LineMapper<RawItem> lineMapper) {
if (!(lineMapper instanceof DefaultLineMapper)) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"Must specify a DefaultLineMapper");
}
this.lineMapper = (DefaultLineMapper) lineMapper;
super.setLineMapper(lineMapper);
}
private DefaultLineMapper getLineMapper() {
return this.lineMapper;
}
/**
* Satisfies {@link FieldSetMapper} contract.
*
* @param fs
* @return
* @throws BindException
*/
@Override
public RawItem mapFieldSet(FieldSet fs) throws BindException {
if (fs == null) {
return null;
}
Map<String, String> record = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
for (String columnName : this.columnNames) {
record.put(columnName,
StringUtils.trimToNull(fs.readString(columnName)));
}
RawItem item = new RawItem();
item.setResource(resources);
item.setRecord(record);
return item;
}
@BeforeStep
public void saveStepExecution(StepExecution stepExecution) {
this.stepExecution = stepExecution;
}
@Override
public void beforeStep(StepExecution stepExecution) {
//LOGGER.info("Start Raw Read Step for " + itemResource.getFilename());
}
@Override
public ExitStatus afterStep(StepExecution stepExecution) {
LOGGER.info("End Raw Read Step for lines read: " + stepExecution.getReadCount()
+ " lines skipped: " + stepExecution.getReadSkipCount());
/*
LOGGER.info("End Raw Read Step for " + itemResource.getFilename()
+ " lines read: " + stepExecution.getReadCount()
+ " lines skipped: " + stepExecution.getReadSkipCount());
*/
return ExitStatus.COMPLETED;
}
public void setDelimiter(String delimiter) {
this.delimiter = delimiter;
}
public void setQuoteCharacter(char quoteCharacter) {
this.quoteCharacter = quoteCharacter;
}
public String[] getColumnNames() {
return columnNames;
}
public void setColumnNames(String[] columnNames) {
this.columnNames = columnNames;
}
public String getDelimiter() {
return delimiter;
}
}