我非常感谢这个论坛中乐于助人的社区的帮助,我有一个与R有关的小问题,以及在尝试绘制错误栏时的箭头功能。我选择使用箭头功能来生成我的错误栏,以便在添加到我已经创建的图表时简单。
我使用plot()
X sitting.time exercise.time se.sit.time se.ex.time
1 535.7308 70.08000 45.39388 13.23958
2 512.8800 65.80000 50.92198 13.98714
3 500.2727 80.09091 47.00300 13.90255
4 504.4762 77.35000 48.38485 17.22151
5 487.0588 84.00000 51.62004 14.62120
6 487.3333 83.53333 51.15082 17.52736
7 462.5294 83.52941 49.97000 17.61185
8 458.1111 71.78947 47.30922 12.64716
9 471.9333 73.66667 57.13613 16.97271
10 517.1333 84.92857 62.34817 18.61450
11 526.5625 73.93750 50.25767 17.67990
12 484.0000 96.22222 73.67854 23.97266
在表格中,sitting.time
和exercise.time
是我的y值,X
是x值,se.sit.time
和se.ex.time
是标准错误。
我成功用于生成两个图(包括图例)的命令如下:
plot(weekly.times$X,weekly.times$sitting.time,
xlim=c(1,12),ylim=c(0,600),
xaxt="n", yaxt="n",xlab="Week",
ylab="Time (minutes)", type="p",col="red")
axis(side=1,at=c(1:12))
axis(side=2,at=seq(0,600,by=50))
lines(weekly.times$X,weekly.times$sitting.time,
xlab="Week", ylab="Time", col="red")
par(new=TRUE)
plot(weekly.times$X,weekly.times$exercise.time,
xlab='', ylab='', axes=FALSE, col="blue")
lines(weekly.times$X,weekly.times$exercise.time,
xlab='', ylab='', col="blue")
legend("bottom",inset=c(-0.3,0),
legend=c("Sitting Time", "Exercise Time"),
col=c("red", "blue"), lty=1:2, cex=0.8)
但是,在尝试在第一个绘图之后添加arrows()
之后,我没有看到生成的任何错误栏与原始答案相同的方式:Scatter plot with error bars < / p>
arrows(weekly.times$sitting.time, sitCI.down,
weekly.times$sitting.time, sitCI.up, length=0.05, angle=90, code=3)
第一个图的输出,我想添加误差线。我也在这个情节之后运行箭头功能:
我的输出图中的两个图。我最终希望两个图都有误差线。我也试图在这里运行箭头()无效:
有谁知道我可能做错了什么,为什么错误图没有出现在图片中?
在关注@rbatt的解决方案后,我得到了图表,可以使用如下错误图:
我使用了以下代码:
p1.ylim <- range(c(weekly.times$sitting.time, sitCI.down, sitCI.up))
p1.xlim <- range(weekly.times$X)
par(mar=c(4,4,0.5,4))
plot(weekly.times$X, weekly.times$sitting.time, xlim=p1.xlim, ylim=p1.ylim, ylab="Sitting Time (minutes)", xlab="Week", type="o",col="red", xaxt="n", yaxt="n")
axis(side=1,at=weekly.times$X)
axis(side=2,at=seq(p1.ylim[1],p1.ylim[2],by=50))
red2 <- adjustcolor("red", alpha.f=0.25)
arrows(weekly.times$X, sitCI.down, weekly.times$X, sitCI.up, length=0.05, angle=90, code=3, col=red2)
par(new=TRUE)
plot(weekly.times$X,weekly.times$exercise.time, xlab='', ylab='', axes=FALSE, col="blue", type="o")
axis(side=4)
blue2 <- adjustcolor("blue", alpha.f=0.25)
arrows(weekly.times$X, exCI.down, weekly.times$X, exCI.up, length=0.05, angle=90, code=3, col=blue2)
mtext("Exercise Time (minutes)", side=4, line=3)
legend("bottom",inset=c(-0.3,0), legend=c("Sitting Time", "Exercise Time"), col=c("red", "blue"), lty=1:2, cex=0.8)
但是,我现在有如下新数据,这不会使误差条适合。
week sitting.time exercise.time se.sit.time se.ex.time
1 1 3643.087 471.5833 349.5165 98.06667
2 2 3516.478 472.7917 337.8359 99.83149
3 3 3373.000 535.6667 344.9220 103.70350
4 4 3480.952 510.2857 352.2140 118.32880
5 5 3235.882 571.3529 345.0725 104.53620
6 6 3359.000 587.1333 349.3253 122.10290
7 7 3246.250 554.1250 358.0210 131.71030
8 8 3173.889 502.7895 326.9745 88.58391
9 9 3438.643 513.0667 354.2999 119.08770
10 10 3581.154 807.7143 323.0524 230.90890
11 11 3661.250 693.7059 357.1707 212.60630
12 12 3297.500 909.0000 589.6690 276.65540
使用相同的代码我得到以下图:
你知道轴代码在哪里出错导致蓝线的误差条不显示吗?
谢谢。
答案 0 :(得分:1)
你有两个主要问题。首先,您为weekly.times$sitting.time
的{{1}}和x0
参数提供了y轴变量x1
;我已将这些更改为arrows()
,即x轴上的周。其次,您试图在调用par(new = TRUE)后添加箭头,并添加运动时间,范围介于~60和~100之间,因为weekly.times$X
未设置且您的ylim
在500-600范围内,它们将在情节之外创建(即使第一个问题已经解决)。
下面是对原始代码进行微小更改以生成合适数字的代码。请注意,您没有提供对象arrows
和sitCI.down
的数据,所以我只是在休息时间内做了±10%。另外,我首先在我从您的问题手动复制的data.frame中包含sitCI.up
的输出;在将来,如果您对数据使用dput()
并将输出复制到您的问题中,那么将会更轻松地重现您的结果。
dput()
weekly.times <- structure(list(X = c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12),
sitting.time = c(535.7308, 512.88, 500.2727, 504.4762, 487.0588,
487.3333, 462.5294, 458.1111, 471.9333, 517.1333, 526.5625,
484), exercise.time = c(70.08, 65.8, 80.09091, 77.35, 84,
83.53333, 83.52941, 71.78947, 73.66667, 84.92857, 73.9375,
96.22222), se.sit.time = c(45.39388, 50.92198, 47.003, 48.38485,
51.62004, 51.15082, 49.97, 47.30922, 57.13613, 62.34817,
50.25767, 73.67854), se.ex.time = c(13.23958, 13.98714, 13.90255,
17.22151, 14.6212, 17.52736, 17.61185, 12.64716, 16.97271,
18.6145, 17.6799, 23.97266)), .Names = c("X", "sitting.time",
"exercise.time", "se.sit.time", "se.ex.time"), row.names = c(NA,
-12L), class = "data.frame")
所以上面的代码应该可以解决你的问题。但是,我想就你的身材提供一些额外的帮助/风格建议。请参阅下面的代码。
plot(weekly.times$X, weekly.times$sitting.time, xlim=c(1,12), ylim=c(0,600), ylab="Time (minutes)", type="p",col="red")
axis(side=1,at=c(1:12))
axis(side=2,at=seq(0,600,by=50))
lines(weekly.times$X, weekly.times$sitting.time, xlab="Week", ylab="Time", col="red")
sitCI.down <- weekly.times$sitting.time + c(-0.1)*weekly.times$sitting.time
sitCI.up <- weekly.times$sitting.time + c(0.1)*weekly.times$sitting.time
arrows(weekly.times$X, sitCI.down, weekly.times$X, sitCI.up, length=0.05, angle=90, code=3)
par(new=TRUE)
plot(weekly.times$X,weekly.times$exercise.time, xlab='', ylab='', axes=FALSE, col="blue")
lines(weekly.times$X,weekly.times$exercise.time, xlab='', ylab='', col="blue")
legend("bottom",inset=c(-0.3,0), legend=c("Sitting Time", "Exercise Time"), col=c("red", "blue"), lty=1:2, cex=0.8)