我想在Django models.py
中创建一个字段,它将作为下拉列表呈现,用户可以从那里选择选项。
如果我有5个选择:
我应该如何在models.py
和Forms.py
中编写代码,以便模板将其呈现为下拉元素?
答案 0 :(得分:39)
从模型到模板:
<强> models.py 强>
COLOR_CHOICES = (
('green','GREEN'),
('blue', 'BLUE'),
('red','RED'),
('orange','ORANGE'),
('black','BLACK'),
)
class MyModel(models.Model):
color = models.CharField(max_length=6, choices=COLOR_CHOICES, default='green')
<强> forms.py 强>
class MyModelForm(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = MyModel
fields = ['color']
<强> views.py 强>
class CreateMyModelView(CreateView):
model = MyModel
form_class = MyModelForm
template_name = 'myapp/template.html'
success_url = 'myapp/success.html'
<强> template.html 强>
<form action="" method="post">{% csrf_token %}
{{ form.as_p }}
<input type="submit" value="Create" />
</form>
或仅显示您的选择字段:
{{ form.color }}
答案 1 :(得分:13)
在模型https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/ref/models/fields/#choices中使用choices
选项指定CharField或IntegerField,并使用ModelForm https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/topics/forms/modelforms/。
答案 2 :(得分:1)
Django 3.0 版 及更高版本中更好的选择:
您可以使用从新的 models.TextChoices 类继承的内部类。这也提供了一种方便的方式来提供人类可读(和可翻译)的标签,以及为程序员提供一个漂亮的界面。
from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy as _
class Student(models.Model):
class YearInSchool(models.TextChoices):
FRESHMAN = 'FR', _('Freshman')
SOPHOMORE = 'SO', _('Sophomore')
JUNIOR = 'JR', _('Junior')
SENIOR = 'SR', _('Senior')
GRADUATE = 'GR', _('Graduate')
year_in_school = models.CharField(
max_length=2,
choices=YearInSchool.choices,
default=YearInSchool.FRESHMAN,
)
def is_upperclass(self):
return self.year_in_school in {
self.YearInSchool.JUNIOR,
self.YearInSchool.SENIOR,
}
###########
# human readable text can then be called by...
Student.YearInSchool.Junior.label
# or from an instance by <instance>.get_<innerclass name>_display() like...
student_inst.get_yearinschool_display()