鉴于以下代码,从forall a r
类型中删除go
失败,并显示“Typeable(D r)重叠实例”。我想知道为什么?
{-# LANGUAGE DeriveDataTypeable #-}
{-# LANGUAGE ExistentialQuantification #-}
{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleContexts #-}
{-# LANGUAGE ScopedTypeVariables #-}
{-# LANGUAGE StandaloneDeriving #-}
{-# LANGUAGE TypeFamilies #-}
module M where
import Data.Typeable (Proxy, Typeable, cast)
class C r where
data D r :: *
deriving instance Typeable D
data A = forall r . A (D r)
go :: forall r a . (Typeable a, Typeable (D r)) => a -> Proxy r -> A
go a _ = case cast a of
Just (b :: D r) -> A b
Nothing -> error "fail to cast"
错误还说“选择取决于r
的实例化” - 但不是由提供的Proxy r
固定的吗?
答案 0 :(得分:4)
这是作用域类型变量在Haskell中的工作方式。请注意,您在此处重复使用go :: forall r a . (Typeable a, Typeable (D r)) => a -> Proxy r -> A
go a _ = case cast a of
Just (b :: D r) -> A b -- this r is the same as the r above
:
forall
如果没有显式go :: (Typeable a1, Typeable (D r1)) => a1 -> Proxy r1 -> A -- renaming local variables
go a _ = case cast a of
Just (b :: D r) -> A b -- r bears no relation to r1
,则类型变量将被解释为签名的本地变量。也就是说,您的代码读作:
Overlapping instances
因此类型错误。
( 会因为{{1}}错误而感到困惑。)