Question

我正在关注rails教程。我在上。 6，我在SQLite3上遇到一个奇怪的错误（为了记录，我使用sqlite 1.3.10版本，教程使用1.3.9）

运行rake db：migrate时我没有收到错误，但是当我为测试环境运行迁移时，这就是我得到的：

$ bundle exec rake test:models

rake aborted!
ActiveRecord::PendingMigrationError:

Migrations are pending. To resolve this issue, run:

    bin/rake db:migrate RAILS_ENV=test

sample_app/test/test_helper.rb:3:in `<top (required)>'
sample_app/test/models/user_test.rb:1:in `require'
sample_app/test/models/user_test.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
Tasks: TOP => test:models
(See full trace by running task with --trace)


$ bundle exec rake db:migrate RAILS_ENV=test

== 20150628011937 AddIndexToUsersEmail: migrating ===========================
==
    -- add_index(:users, :email, {:unique=>true})
rake aborted!
StandardError: An error has occurred, this and all later migrations canceled:


SQLite3::ConstraintException: UNIQUE constraint failed: users.email: CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "index_users_on_email" ON "users" ("email")sample_app/db/migrate/20150628011937_add_index_to_users_email.rb:3:in `change'
C:in `migrate'
ActiveRecord::RecordNotUnique: SQLite3::ConstraintException: UNIQUE constrain
t failed: users.email: CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "index_users_on_email" ON "users"
("email")
sample_app/db/migrate/20150628011937_add_index_to_users_email.rb:3:in `change'
C:in `migrate'
SQLite3::ConstraintException: UNIQUE constraint failed: users.email
sample_app/db/migrate/20150628011937_add_index_to_users_email.rb:3:in `change'
C:in `migrate'
Tasks: TOP => db:migrate
(See full trace by running task with --trace)

这是我的user.rb模型：

class User < ActiveRecord::Base
  before_save { self.email = email.downcase }
  validates :name, presence: true, length: { maximum: 50 }
  VALID_EMAIL_REGEX = /\A[\w+\-.]+@[a-z\d\-.]+\.[a-z]+\z/i
  validates :email, presence: true, length: { maximum: 255 },
                    format: { with: VALID_EMAIL_REGEX },
                    uniqueness: { case_sensitive: false }
end

这是我最近的迁移

  class AddIndexToUsersEmail < ActiveRecord::Migration
    def change
      add_index :users, :email, unique: true
    end
  end

如果相关，我可以发布任何其他文件。在此先感谢您的帮助！

Answer 1

问题是我在迁移之前在数据库中使用了相同的电子邮件。

db:reset解决了所有问题

Answer 2

我遇到了一些不同的原因，这是解决方案。

对我来说错误是

Minitest::UnexpectedError: ActiveRecord::RecordNotUnique: SQLite3::ConstraintException: UNIQUE constraint failed: users.email: INSERT INTO "users" ("created_at", "updated_at", "id") VALUES ('2018-05-09 18:23:59.827561', '2018-05-09 18:23:59.827561', 298486374)

注意INTO "users" ("created_at", "updated_at", "id")。它是由 test / fixtures / users.yml 未填充引起的，因此在具有唯一键约束的列中存在重复值。

测试/装置/ users.yml里：

# Read about fixtures at http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveRecord/FixtureSet.html

# This model initially had no columns defined. If you add columns to the
# model remove the '{}' from the fixture names and add the columns immediately
# below each fixture, per the syntax in the comments below
#
one: {}
# column: value
#
two: {}
# column: value

Answer 3

如果你不能reset:db你应该尝试手动删除它，请转到db文件夹并删除＆＃34; development.sqlite3＆＃34;和＃34; test.sqlite3＆＃34;档然后运行 rails db:migrate 和bin/rails db:migrate RAILS_ENV=TEST

无论如何，

为我工作......

Answer 4

如果您在运行测试时遇到这种情况：

确保没有用户设备，除非您明确定义具有唯一属性的用户。

test/fixtures/users.yml

当您生成模型时，例如：

rails g model User

Rails 会自动创建该文件，它看起来像：

# Read about fixtures at https://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveRecord/FixtureSet.html

# This model initially had no columns defined. If you add columns to the
# model remove the '{}' from the fixture names and add the columns immediately
# below each fixture, per the syntax in the comments below
#
one: {}
# column: value
#
two: {}
# column: value

这会打乱你的测试。

Answer 5

只需使用rake db:test:prepare，它将复制开发数据库以进行测试，因此您无需运行迁移。

Rails教程：SQLite3 :: ConstraintException：UNIQUE约束失败：users.email

5 个答案: