这不是一个重复的问题。正如在这个问题的正文中所解释的那样，由于各种原因，我不得不返回旧的Spring和Hibernate项目。该项目使用这两个框架使用Apache Tomcat连接到Apache Derby数据库，去年遭遇了依赖问题：
Error: javax.persistence.JoinColumn.foreignKey()Ljavax/persistence/ForeignKey with Spring controller
但是在同一个项目中又出现了同样的问题，但去年的修复工作已经应用了。
所以，这不是一个重复的问题。它问为什么一个项目中先前解决的问题在此问题之前已经解决之后再次发生，并且现在正在使用并且遇到同样问题的项目版本包括去年的修复。我不明白为什么。
当我尝试从去年开始构建固定项目时，我得到例外：
used by: java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.persistence.JoinColumn.foreignKey()Ljavax/persistence/ForeignKey;
由于两个数据库表之间存在一对多的关系。异常似乎指向调度程序servlet存储库bean引用：
<bean id="bookDAOImpl" class="library.dao.BookDAOImpl" />
如下所示：
Could not autowire field: private org.hibernate.SessionFactory library.dao.BookDAOImpl.sessionFactory; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/classes/library-servlet.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.persistence.JoinColumn.foreignKey()Ljavax/persistence/ForeignKey;
在堆栈跟踪中。
在调度程序servlet中，我使用的是无法创建bean的地方。
servlet如下：
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd">
<!-- Uses annotations in classes for JavaBeans. XML is an alternative. -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- Base package of Library. -->
<context:component-scan base-package="library" />
<!-- Model. -->
<bean id="person" class="library.model.Person" />
<bean id="book" class="library.model.Book" />
<!-- Spring Controllers. -->
<bean id="adminController" class="library.controller.admin.AdminController" />
<bean id="personController" class="library.controller.PersonController" />
<bean id="bookController" class="library.controller.BookController" />
<bean id="exceptionController" class="library.controller.ExceptionController" />
<!-- Spring Interceptors. -->
<mvc:interceptors>
<bean id="clientInterceptor" class="library.interceptor.ClientInterceptor" />
</mvc:interceptors>
<!-- Spring Services. -->
<bean id="personService" class="library.service.PersonService" />
<bean id="bookService" class="library.service.BookService" />
<!-- Spring Repositories. -->
<bean id="personDAOImpl" class="library.dao.PersonDAOImpl" />
<bean id="bookDAOImpl" class="library.dao.BookDAOImpl" />
<!-- Spring Validators. -->
<bean id="personValidator" class="library.validator.PersonValidator" />
<bean id="bookValidator" class="library.validator.BookValidator" />
<!-- Spring ViewResolver. -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix">
<value>/WEB-INF/jsp/</value>
</property>
<property name="suffix">
<value>.jsp</value>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- Spring MesssageSource. -->
<bean id="messageSource" class="org.springframework.context.support.ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource">
<property name="basename">
<value>/WEB-INF/classes/messages</value>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- Spring Properties file for Library. -->
<bean id="propertiesFactory" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean">
<property name="location">
<value>classpath:library.properties</value>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- Hibernate DataSource. -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="org.apache.derby.jdbc.ClientDriver" />
<property name="url" value="jdbc:derby://localhost:1527/Library" />
<property name="username" value="username" />
<property name="password" value="password" />
</bean>
<!-- Hibernate Interceptors. -->
<bean id="serverInterceptor" class="library.interceptor.ServerInterceptor" />
<!-- Hibernate SessionFactory. -->
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.DerbyDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">false</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</prop>
<!-- What to do with the database schema. -->
<prop key="hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
<!-- validate: validate the schema, makes no changes to the database.
update: update the schema.
create: creates the schema, destroying previous data.
create-drop: drop the schema at the end of the session. -->
</props>
</property>
<property name="entityInterceptor">
<ref bean="serverInterceptor" />
</property>
<property name="packagesToScan">
<list>
<value>library.model</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- Hibernate TransactionManagment. -->
<tx:annotation-driven />
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
去年我遇到了这个问题，它是通过改变依赖关系解决的，如下所述：
Error: javax.persistence.JoinColumn.foreignKey()Ljavax/persistence/ForeignKey with Spring controller ` 但是，项目的依赖关系从那以后没有改变，也没有任何配置，所以我不明白为什么我会遇到这个问题。
与去年一样，该项目使用Apache Tomcat 8.0.3.0在NetBeans 8中运行Spring 4.0.2和Hibernate 4.3.5。
在Java类中，从名为Person的类到另一个名为Book的类之间存在1：M的关系。也为这些声明了数据库表。
班级人员如下：
package library.model;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonManagedReference;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="PERSON")
public class Person implements Serializable {
// Attributes.
@Id
@Column(name="PERSON_ID", unique=true, nullable=false)
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
private Integer personId;
@Column(name="NAME", nullable=false, length=50)
private String name;
@Column(name="ADDRESS", nullable=false, length=100)
private String address;
@Column(name="TELEPHONE", nullable=false, length=10)
private String telephone;
@Column(name="EMAIL", nullable=false, length=50)
private String email;
@OneToMany(cascade=CascadeType.ALL, fetch=FetchType.LAZY, mappedBy="person")
@JsonManagedReference
private List<Book> books;
// Constructors.
public Person() {
this.personId = 0;
this.name = ("");
this.address = ("");
this.telephone = ("");
this.email = ("");
this.books = null;
}
public Person(Integer personId, String name, String address, String telephone, String email, ArrayList<Book> books) {
this.personId = personId;
this.name = name;
this.address = address;
this.telephone = telephone;
this.email = email;
this.books = books;
}
使用getter和setter。
书有：
package library.model;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonBackReference;
import java.io.Serializable;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="BOOK")
public class Book implements Serializable {
// Attributes.
@Id
@Column(name="BOOK_ID", unique=true, nullable=false)
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
private Integer bookId;
@Column(name="AUTHOR", nullable=false, length=50)
private String author;
@Column(name="TITLE", nullable=false, length=50)
private String title;
@Column(name="DESCRIPTION", nullable=false, length=500)
private String description;
@Column(name="ONLOAN", nullable=false, length=5)
private String onLoan;
@ManyToOne(fetch=FetchType.LAZY)
@JoinColumn(name="person_id")
@JsonBackReference
private Person person;
// Constructors.
public Book() {
this.bookId= 0;
this.author = ("");
this.title = ("");
this.description = ("");
this.onLoan = "false";
}
public Book(Integer bookId, String author, String title, String description, String onLoan) {
this.bookId = 0;
this.author = author;
this.title = title;
this.description = description;
this.onLoan = onLoan;
}
BookDAOImpl类设置如下：
package library.dao;
import java.util.List;
import library.model.Book;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
@Repository("bookDAOImpl")
public class BookDAOImpl implements GenericDAO<Book> {
@Autowired
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(BookDAOImpl.class.getName());
public BookDAOImpl() {
}
@Override
public void delete(Integer bookId) {
logger.info(BookDAOImpl.class.getName() + ".delete() method called.");
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
Transaction transaction = session.getTransaction();
try {
transaction.begin();
session.delete((Book) session.get(Book.class, bookId));
transaction.commit();
}
catch(RuntimeException e) {
transaction.rollback();
throw e;
}
finally {
session.close();
}
}
但是，为什么，所有配置都保持不变，我现在能得到这个吗？
项目中的库如下：
24 Jun 2015 23 35 445,288 antlr-2.7.7.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 4,467 aopalliance-1.0.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 160,519 commons-dbcp-1.4.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 62,050 commons-logging-1.1.3.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 2,703,892 derby-10.9.1.0.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 535,985 derbyclient-10.9.1.0.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 313,898 dom4j-1.6.1.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 75,311 hibernate-commons-annotations-4.0.4.Final.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 5,230,007 hibernate-core-4.3.5.Final.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 113,371 hibernate-jpa-2.1-api-1.0.0.Final.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 38,605 jackson-annotations-2.4.0.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 225,306 jackson-core-2.4.1.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 36 228,552 jackson-core-asl-1.9.7.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 1,074,275 jackson-databind-2.4.1.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 786,084 jackson-mapper-lgpl-1.9.13.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 76,551 jandex-1.1.0.Final.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 714,194 javassist-3.18.1-GA.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 162,126 javax.persistence-2.1.0.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 57,183 jboss-logging-3.1.3.GA.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 11,558 jboss-logging-annotations-1.2.0.Beta1.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 27,717 jboss-transaction-api_1.2_spec-1.0.0.Final.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 20,682 jstl-1.1.2.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 15,071 jta-1.1.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 367,444 log4j-1.2.14.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 52,150 persistence-api-1.0.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 36 36,364 spring-annotation-base-1.0.2.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 352,730 spring-aop-4.0.2.RELEASE.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 669,044 spring-beans-4.0.2.RELEASE.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 974,272 spring-context-4.0.2.RELEASE.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 960,994 spring-core-4.0.2.RELEASE.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 204,780 spring-expression-4.0.2.RELEASE.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 419,614 spring-jdbc-4.0.2.RELEASE.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 366,844 spring-orm-4.0.2.RELEASE.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 248,204 spring-tx-4.0.2.RELEASE.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 665,015 spring-web-4.0.2.RELEASE.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 660,329 spring-webmvc-4.0.2.RELEASE.jar
24 Jun 2015 23 35 393,259 standard-1.1.2.jar
答案 0 :(得分：2)
您收到此异常是因为类路径中某处有javax.persistence API的旧版本。
从类路径中删除旧版本，你会没事的。
答案 1 :(得分：1)
有同样的问题。这是由于类路径中的旧Java EE 6 API：
<dependency>
<groupId>javax</groupId>
<artifactId>javaee-web-api</artifactId>
<version>6.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
将其更改为：
<dependency>
<groupId>javax</groupId>
<artifactId>javaee-web-api</artifactId>
<version>7.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
如果您在以后的调试中出现此类问题：
$ mvn dependency:tree
[INFO] +- javax:javaee-web-api:jar:6.0:provided
[INFO] +- org.hibernate:hibernate-entitymanager:jar:4.3.11.Final:compile
[INFO] | +- org.jboss.logging:jboss-logging:jar:3.1.3.GA:compile
[INFO] | +- org.jboss.logging:jboss-logging-annotations:jar:1.2.0.Beta1:compile
[INFO] | +- org.hibernate:hibernate-core:jar:4.3.11.Final:compile
[INFO] | | +- antlr:antlr:jar:2.7.7:compile
[INFO] | | \- org.jboss:jandex:jar:1.1.0.Final:compile
[INFO] | +- dom4j:dom4j:jar:1.6.1:compile
[INFO] | | \- xml-apis:xml-apis:jar:1.0.b2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.hibernate.common:hibernate-commons-annotations:jar:4.0.5.Final:compile
[INFO] | +- org.hibernate.javax.persistence:hibernate-jpa-2.1-api:jar:1.0.0.Final:compile
[INFO] | +- org.jboss.spec.javax.transaction:jboss-transaction-api_1.2_spec:jar:1.0.0.Final:compile
[INFO] | \- org.javassist:javassist:jar:3.18.1-GA:compile