我所拥有的是一个MS-SQL数据库,用于存储来自某些车辆中安装的设备的数据/信息(每辆车1-3台设备)。
目前,数据库中有一个名为Communication
的表 - 一个用于存储设备连接到TCP服务器时的所有信息的大表。记录一个接一个地添加(这里只有INSERTS)。
表格如下:
我需要的是SQL
查询(命令/声明)来为所谓的"每周通信状态"创建一个表(视图),在那里我可以看到 if /车辆在过去7天内如何沟通 ......如下表所示:
答案 0 :(得分:2)
这是一种动态PIVOT
方法。
CREATE TABLE #temp(equipmentID int, vehicleNumber int, DateTimeCommunication datetime)
INSERT INTO #temp(equipmentID, vehicleNumber, DateTimeCommunication)
VALUES (1,100,GETDATE()),
(2,110,GETDATE()),
(3,120,GETDATE()),
(5,140,GETDATE()),
(1,100,DATEADD(day,-8,GETDATE())),
(3,120,DATEADD(day,-8,GETDATE())),
(4,130,DATEADD(day,-8,GETDATE())),
(5,140,DATEADD(day,-8,GETDATE()))
DECLARE @sql nvarchar(max), @columns nvarchar(max), @columnsSelect nvarchar(max)
SELECT @columns = COALESCE(@columns + N',['+CONVERT(nvarchar(max),dateCom)+N']',N'['+CONVERT(nvarchar(max),dateCom)+N']')
FROM (
SELECT DISTINCT CONVERT(date, DateTimeCommunication) as dateCom
FROM #temp
) as allDates
ORDER BY dateCom
SELECT @columnsSelect = COALESCE(@columnsSelect + N',ISNULL(['+CONVERT(nvarchar(max),dateCom)+N'],N''NO'') as '''+CONVERT(nvarchar(max),dateCom)+'''',
N'ISNULL(['+CONVERT(nvarchar(max),dateCom)+N'],N''NO'') as '''+CONVERT(nvarchar(max),dateCom)+'''')
FROM (
SELECT DISTINCT CONVERT(date, DateTimeCommunication) as dateCom
FROM #temp
) as allDates
ORDER BY dateCom
SET @sql = N'SELECT pvt.vehicleNumber, '+@columnsSelect+'
FROM (
SELECT t.equipmentID, t.vehicleNumber, CONVERT(date,DateTimeCommunication) as dateCom,
CASE WHEN t.DateTimeCommunication BETWEEN DATEADD(day,-7,GETDATE()) AND GETDATE()
THEN N''YES''
ELSE N''NO''
END as communicated
FROM #temp t
) as dat
PIVOT(
MAX(communicated)
FOR dateCom IN('+@columns+')
) as pvt'
PRINT(@sql)
EXEC (@sql)
DROP TABLE #temp
如果您不需要动态或仅针对指定的日期范围,请将其再次简化为:
CREATE TABLE #temp(equipmentID int, vehicleNumber int, DateTimeCommunication datetime)
INSERT INTO #temp(equipmentID, vehicleNumber, DateTimeCommunication)
VALUES (1,100,GETDATE()),
(2,110,GETDATE()),
(3,120,GETDATE()),
(5,140,GETDATE()),
(1,100,DATEADD(day,-8,GETDATE())),
(3,120,DATEADD(day,-8,GETDATE())),
(4,130,DATEADD(day,-8,GETDATE())),
(5,140,DATEADD(day,-8,GETDATE()))
SELECT *
FROM (
SELECT t.equipmentID, t.vehicleNumber, CONVERT(date,DateTimeCommunication) as dateCom,
CASE WHEN t.DateTimeCommunication BETWEEN DATEADD(day,-7,GETDATE()) AND GETDATE()
THEN N'YES'
ELSE N'NO'
END as communicated
FROM #temp t
) as dat
PIVOT(
MAX(communicated)
FOR dateCom IN([2015-06-23]) --needs to be changed on different date!
) as pvt
DROP TABLE #temp
答案 1 :(得分:2)
作为上述的替代方法,您知道输出中只有7个日期列可以进行手动调整,而不是使用PIVOT运算符。
Set PvtTbl = wsPvtTbl.PivotTableWizard(SourceType:=xlDatabase,
SourceData:=rngData, TableDestination:=wsPvtTbl.Range("A1"),
TableName:="PivotTable1")