我正在使用https://pypi.python.org/pypi/ruamel.yaml
编写YAML文件代码是这样的:
import ruamel.yaml
from ruamel.yaml.comments import CommentedSeq
d = {}
for m in ['B1', 'B2', 'B3']:
d2 = {}
for f in ['A1', 'A2', 'A3']:
d2[f] = CommentedSeq(['test', 'test2'])
if f != 'A2':
d2[f].fa.set_flow_style()
d[m] = d2
with open('test.yml', "w") as f:
ruamel.yaml.dump(
d, f, Dumper=ruamel.yaml.RoundTripDumper,
default_flow_style=False, width=50, indent=8)
我只想在顶部添加评论,如:
# Data for Class A
在YAML数据之前。
答案 0 :(得分:5)
在with
块中,您可以将任何内容写入文件。由于您只需要在顶部发表评论,因此在致电ruamel之前请先致电f.write()
:
with open('test.yml', "w") as f:
f.write('# Data for Class A\n')
ruamel.yaml.dump(
d, f, Dumper=ruamel.yaml.RoundTripDumper,
default_flow_style=False, width=50, indent=8)
答案 1 :(得分:3)
原则上这是可能的,因为你可以往返这样的"文件开头"评论,但目前ruamel.yaml 0.10并没有得到很好的支持,当然"从头开始" (即不更改现有文件)。在底部是一个简单的相对不错的解决方案,但我首先要提出一个丑陋的解决方法,并逐步完成如何完成这项工作。
<强>丑强>:
执行此操作的丑陋方法是在将YAML数据写入文件之前将注释添加到文件中。那就是插入:
f.write('# Data for Class A\n')
在ruamel.yaml.dump(...)
一步一步:
要在数据结构上插入注释,所以首先不需要上面的hack
需要确保您的d
数据属于CommentedMap
类型。如果
通过将注释的YAML加载回d
c
变量与具有注释的变量的差异进行比较
import ruamel.yaml
from ruamel.yaml.comments import Comment, CommentedSeq, CommentedMap
d = CommentedMap() # <<<<< most important
for m in ['B1', 'B2', 'B3']:
d2 = {}
for f in ['A1', 'A2', 'A3']:
d2[f] = CommentedSeq(['test', 'test2'])
if f != 'A2':
d2[f].fa.set_flow_style()
d[m] = d2
yaml_str = ruamel.yaml.dump(d, Dumper=ruamel.yaml.RoundTripDumper,
default_flow_style=False, width=50, indent=8)
assert not hasattr(d, Comment.attrib) # no attribute on the CommentedMap
comment = 'Data for Class A'
commented_yaml_str = '# ' + comment + '\n' + yaml_str
c = ruamel.yaml.load(commented_yaml_str, Loader=ruamel.yaml.RoundTripLoader)
assert hasattr(c, Comment.attrib) # c has the attribute
print c.ca # and this is what it looks like
print d.ca # accessing comment attribute creates it empty
assert hasattr(d, Comment.attrib) # now the CommentedMap has the attribute
打印:
Comment(comment=[None, [CommentToken(value=u'# Data for Class A\n')]],
items={})
Comment(comment=None,
items={})
Comment
的属性comment
需要设置为2个元素列表,其中包含EOL注释(始终只有一个)和前一行注释列表(以CommentTokens
)
要创建CommentToken,您需要一个(假的)StartMark来告诉它启动哪个列:
from ruamel.yaml.error import Mark
start_mark = Mark(None, None, None, 0, None, None) # column 0
现在您可以创建令牌:
from ruamel.yaml.tokens import CommentToken
ct = CommentToken('# ' + comment + '\n', start_mark, None)
将令牌指定为CommentedMap上前面列表的第一个元素:
d.ca.comment = [None, [ct]]
print d.ca # in case you want to check
给你:
Comment(comment=[None, [CommentToken(value='# Data for Class A\n')]],
items={})
最后:
print ruamel.yaml.dump(d, Dumper=ruamel.yaml.RoundTripDumper)
给出:
# Data for Class A
B1:
A1: [test, test2]
A3: [test, test2]
A2:
- test
- test2
B2:
A1: [test, test2]
A3: [test, test2]
A2:
- test
- test2
B3:
A1: [test, test2]
A3: [test, test2]
A2:
- test
- test2
当然,您不需要创建c
对象,这只是为了说明。
你应该使用什么:
为了使整个练习更容易一些,您可以忘记详细信息并使用以下方法修补CommentedBase
一次:
from ruamel.yaml.comments import CommentedBase
def set_start_comment(self, comment, indent=0):
"""overwrites any preceding comment lines on an object
expects comment to be without `#` and possible have mutlple lines
"""
from ruamel.yaml.error import Mark
from ruamel.yaml.tokens import CommentToken
if self.ca.comment is None:
pre_comments = []
self.ca.comment = [None, pre_comments]
else:
pre_comments = self.ca.comments[1]
if comment[-1] == '\n':
comment = comment[:-1] # strip final newline if there
start_mark = Mark(None, None, None, indent, None, None)
for com in comment.split('\n'):
pre_comments.append(CommentToken('# ' + com + '\n', start_mark, None))
if not hasattr(CommentedBase, 'set_start_comment'): # in case it is there
CommentedBase.set_start_comment = set_start_comment
然后就这样做:
d.set_start_comment('Data for Class A')