我使用open('test.txt', 'w')
创建新文件,其字符集为二进制。
>>> open('test.txt', 'w')
<open file 'test.txt', mode 'w' at 0x7f6b973704b0>
$ file -i test.txt.txt
test2.txt: inode/x-empty; charset=binary
使用模块utf-8
分配具有指定字符集的文件(例如codecs
)。但是,charset仍然是二进制。
>>> codecs.open("test.txt", 'w', encoding='utf-8')
<open file 'test.txt', mode 'wb' at 0x7f6b97370540>
$ file -i test.txt
test.txt: inode/x-empty; charset=binary
我写了一些内容给test.txt
,而charset是 us-ascii 。
>>> fp. write ("wwwwwwwwwww")
>>> fp.close()
$ file -i test.txt
test.txt: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
好的,现在,我写了一些特殊的字符(比如Arènes
)。然而,
>>> fp = codecs.open("test.txt", 'w', encoding='utf-8')
>>> fp.write("Arènes")
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/codecs.py", line 688, in write
return self.writer.write(data)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/codecs.py", line 351, in write
data, consumed = self.encode(object, self.errors)
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xc3 in position 2: ordinal not in range(128)
更具体地说,我想将查询结果(使用python-mysqldb
)保存到文件中。关键源代码如下:
cur.execute("SELECT * FROM agency")
# Write to a file
with open('test.txt', 'w') as fp :
for row in cur.fetchall() :
s = '\t'.join(str(item) for item in row)
fp.write(s + '\n')
现在,test.txt
的字符集是 iso-8859-1 (某些法语字符,例如Arènes
)。
因此,我使用codecs.open('test.txt', 'w', encoding='utf-8')
来创建文件。但是,遇到以下错误:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "./overlap_intervals.py", line 26, in <module>
fp.write(s + '\n')
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/codecs.py", line 688, in write
return self.writer.write(data)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/codecs.py", line 351, in write
data, consumed = self.encode(object, self.errors)
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xe9 in position 21: ordinal not in range(128)
如何在Python中使用utf-8创建文件?
答案 0 :(得分:2)
空文件始终是二进制文件。
$ touch /tmp/foo
$ file -i /tmp/foo
/tmp/foo: inode/x-empty; charset=binary
把东西放进去,一切都很好。
$ cat > /tmp/foo
Rübe
Möhre
Mähne
$ file -i /tmp/foo
/tmp/foo: text/plain; charset=utf-8
Python将与cat
完全相同。
with open("/tmp/foo", "w") as f:
f.write("Rübe\n")
检查:
$ cat /tmp/foo
Rübe
$ file -i /tmp/foo
/tmp/foo: text/plain; charset=utf-8
修改强>
使用Python 2.7,您必须编码Unicode字符串。
with open("/tmp/foo", "w") as f:
f.write(u"Rübe\n".encode("UTF-8"))
答案 1 :(得分:0)
在Python 3中,您还应该指定write()的编码:
with open("filepath", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
f.write("Arènes")