我尝试使用python socket
包来实现echo服务器。但它不断出现错误:TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for %: 'bytes' and 'bytes'
,我的代码中是否有任何错误?
这是错误:
Exception in thread Thread-1:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/threading.py", line 921, in _bootstrap_inner
self.run()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/threading.py", line 869, in run
self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
File "do_tcp_server.py", line 25, in tcplink
sock.send(b'Hello, %s!' % data)
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for %: 'bytes' and 'bytes'
这是我的代码:
server.py:
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# coding: utf-8
"A simple server"
import socket
import threading
import time
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.bind(("127.0.0.1", 9999))
s.listen(5)
print("Lsitening...")
def tcplink(sock, addr):
print('Accept new connection from %s:%s...' % addr)
sock.send(b'Welcome!')
while True:
data = sock.recv(1024)
time.sleep(1)
if not data or data.decode('utf-8') == 'exit':
break
sock.send(b'Hello, %s!' % data)
sock.close()
print('Connection from %s:%s closed.' % addr)
while True:
sock, addr = s.accept()
# create a thread to handle it
t = threading.Thread(target=tcplink, args=(sock, addr))
t.start()
client.py:
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# coding: utf-8
import socket
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
# establish connection:
s.connect(('127.0.0.1', 9999))
# receive Welcome data:
print(s.recv(1024).decode('utf-8'))
for data in [b'Michael', b'Tracy', b'Sarah']:
# send data
s.send(data)
print(s.recv(1024).decode('utf-8'))
s.send(b'exit')
s.close()
答案 0 :(得分:1)
普通字符串格式不能用于bytes
。我认为解决这个问题的方法是 - 你必须首先生成一个字符串,对其进行格式化,然后使用适当的编码将其转换为字节。因此,以下更改应该有效
变化
sock.send(b'Hello %s!' % data)
到
reply = 'Hello %s!' % data)
sock.send(bytes(reply, 'utf-8'))
基本上这是由于python3中字符串和字节之间的差异。 [Best way to convert string to bytes in Python 3?已经了解了更多细节。
那应该有用。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
实际上,此错误仅发生在Python 3.4上,我发现Python 3.5+通过Travis CI传递了它。因此对于Python 3.4和Python 2.7:
更改
sock.send(b'Hello %s!' % data)
到
reply = 'Hello %s!' % data)
sock.send(reply.encode('utf-8'))
Python 2和Python 3均支持s.encode('utf-8')
请参阅https://stackoverflow.com/a/45269679/12074740
注意:Python 2不支持bytes(reply, 'utf-8')
我希望它能帮助像我这样希望代码在Python 2和Python 3上都能工作的人
答案 2 :(得分:0)
答案@gaabhijit gaves很好。我只想假设有问题的代码来自这里(enter link description here)
否则,当python_3.5到来时,b'%s'
可以是右()。