事务注释在Spring Boot中不起作用

Question

@Transactional在Spring Boot中无效。

Application.java：

@EnableTransactionManagement(proxyTargetClass=true)
@SpringBootApplication(exclude = {ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration.class})
public class Application {

    @Autowired
    private EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory;


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("--------------------------- Start Application ---------------------------");
        ApplicationContext ctx = SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    public SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
        if (entityManagerFactory.unwrap(SessionFactory.class) == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException("factory is not a hibernate factory");
        }
        return entityManagerFactory.unwrap(SessionFactory.class);
    }

    @Bean
    public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactory() {
        LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean em = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
        em.setDataSource(dataSource());
        em.setPackagesToScan(new String[] { "com.buhryn.interviewer.models" });

        JpaVendorAdapter vendorAdapter = new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter();
        em.setJpaVendorAdapter(vendorAdapter);
        em.setJpaProperties(additionalProperties());

        return em;
    }

    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource(){
        DriverManagerDataSource dataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource();
        dataSource.setDriverClassName("org.postgresql.Driver");
        dataSource.setUrl("jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/interviewer");
        dataSource.setUsername("postgres");
        dataSource.setPassword("postgres");
        return dataSource;
    }

    @Bean
    @Autowired
    public HibernateTransactionManager transactionManager(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {
        HibernateTransactionManager txManager = new HibernateTransactionManager();
        txManager.setSessionFactory(sessionFactory);

        return txManager;
    }

    @Bean
    public PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor exceptionTranslation(){
        return new PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor();
    }

    Properties additionalProperties() {
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.setProperty("hibernate.dialect", "org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect");
        properties.setProperty("hibernate.show_sql", "false");
        properties.setProperty("hibernate.format_sql", "false");
        properties.setProperty("hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto", "create");
        properties.setProperty("hibernate.current_session_context_class", "org.hibernate.context.internal.ThreadLocalSessionContext");
        return properties;
    }
}

CandidateDao.java

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

@Repository
public class CandidateDao implements ICandidateDao{

    @Autowired
    SessionFactory sessionFactory;

    protected Session getCurrentSession(){
        return sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
    }

    @Override
    @Transactional
    public CandidateModel create(CandidateDto candidate) {
        CandidateModel candidateModel = new CandidateModel(candidate.getFirstName(), candidate.getLastName(), candidate.getEmail(), candidate.getPhone());
        getCurrentSession().save(candidateModel);
        return candidateModel;
    }

    @Override
    public CandidateModel show(Long id) {
        return new CandidateModel(
                "new",
                "new",
                "new",
                "new");
    }

    @Override
    public CandidateModel update(Long id, CandidateDto candidate) {
        return new CandidateModel(
                "updated",
                candidate.getLastName(),
                candidate.getEmail(),
                candidate.getPhone());
    }

    @Override
    public void delete(Long id) {

    }
}

服务类

@Service
public class CandidateService implements ICandidateService{

    @Autowired
    ICandidateDao candidateDao;

    @Override
    public CandidateModel create(CandidateDto candidate) {
        return candidateDao.create(candidate);
    }

    @Override
    public CandidateModel show(Long id) {
        return candidateDao.show(id);
    }

    @Override
    public CandidateModel update(Long id, CandidateDto candidate) {
        return candidateDao.update(id, candidate);
    }

    @Override
    public void delete(Long id) {
        candidateDao.delete(id);
    }
}

Controller.class

@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "/api/candidates")
public class CandidateController {

    @Autowired
    ICandidateService candidateService;

    @RequestMapping(value="/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public CandidateModel show(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        return candidateService.show(id);
    }

    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public CandidateModel create(@Valid @RequestBody CandidateDto candidate, BindingResult result) {
        RequestValidator.validate(result);
        return candidateService.create(candidate);
    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/{id}", method = RequestMethod.PUT)
    public CandidateModel update(@PathVariable("id") Long id, @Valid @RequestBody CandidateDto candidate, BindingResult result) {
        RequestValidator.validate(result);
        return candidateService.update(id, candidate);
    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/{id}", method = RequestMethod.DELETE)
    public void delete(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        candidateService.delete(id);
    }
}

当我在DAO系统中调用create方法时抛出异常：

org.springframework.web.util.NestedServletException: Request processing failed; nested exception is org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaSystemException: save is not valid without active transaction; nested exception is org.hibernate.HibernateException: save is not valid without active transaction
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:978)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:868)
    javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:644)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:842)
    javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:725)
    org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
    org.springframework.boot.actuate.autoconfigure.EndpointWebMvcAutoConfiguration$ApplicationContextHeaderFilter.doFilterInternal(EndpointWebMvcAutoConfiguration.java:291)
    org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:77)
    org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    org.springframework.boot.actuate.trace.WebRequestTraceFilter.doFilterInternal(WebRequestTraceFilter.java:102)
    org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:85)
    org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    org.springframework.boot.actuate.autoconfigure.MetricFilterAutoConfiguration$MetricsFilter.doFilterInternal(MetricFilterAutoConfiguration.java:90)
    org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)

我的 Gradle 文件：

buildscript {
    repositories {
        mavenCentral()
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:1.2.3.RELEASE")
    }
}

apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'idea'
apply plugin: 'spring-boot'

jar {
    baseName = 'interviewer'
    version =  '0.1.0'
}

repositories {
    mavenCentral()
}

sourceCompatibility = 1.8
targetCompatibility = 1.8

dependencies {
    compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web")
    compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-actuator")
    compile("org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-mapper-asl:1.9.13")
    compile("com.google.code.gson:gson:2.3.1")
    compile("org.springframework.data:spring-data-jpa:1.8.0.RELEASE")
    compile("org.hibernate:hibernate-entitymanager:4.3.10.Final")
    compile("postgresql:postgresql:9.1-901-1.jdbc4")
    compile("org.aspectj:aspectjweaver:1.8.6")

    testCompile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test")

}

task wrapper(type: Wrapper) {
    gradleVersion = '2.3'
}

并链接到git repository：https://github.com/Yurii-Buhryn/interviewer

Answer 1

首先，您使用的是Spring Boot，然后使用Spring Boot，让它自动为您配置。它将配置数据源，entitymanagerfactory，事务管理器等。

接下来你使用了错误的事务管理器，你正在使用JPA所以你应该使用JpaTransactionManager代替HibernateTransactionManager，因为已经为你配置了你可以简单地删除它的bean定义

第二个你的hibernate.current_session_context_class弄乱了正确的tx集成删除它。

使用auto-config

考虑到所有这些因素后，您基本上可以将Application课程缩减为以下内容。

@SpringBootApplication(exclude = {ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration.class})
@EntityScan("com.buhryn.interviewer.models")
public class Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("--------------------------- Start Application ---------------------------");
        ApplicationContext ctx = SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    public SessionFactory sessionFactory(EntityManagerFactory emf) {
        if (emf.unwrap(SessionFactory.class) == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException("factory is not a hibernate factory");
        }
        return emf.unwrap(SessionFactory.class);
    }
}

接下来在application.properties中添加src/main/resources，其中包含以下内容。

# DataSource configuration
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=org.postgresql.Driver
spring.datasource.username=postgres
spring.datasource.password=postgres
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/interviewer

# General JPA properties
spring.jpa.database-platform=org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect
spring.jpa.show-sql=false

# Hibernate Specific properties
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.format_sql=false
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=create

这将正确配置数据源和JPA。

使用JPA而不是普通的Hibernate

另一个提示而不是使用普通的hibernate API只是使用JPA，你也可以删除SessionFactory的bean。只需更改您的dao即可使用EntityManager代替SessionFactory。

@Repository
public class CandidateDao implements ICandidateDao{

    @PersistenceContext
    private EntityManager em;

    @Override
    @Transactional
    public CandidateModel create(CandidateDto candidate) {
        CandidateModel candidateModel = new CandidateModel(candidate.getFirstName(), candidate.getLastName(), candidate.getEmail(), candidate.getPhone());
        return em.persist(candidateModel);
    }

    @Override
    public CandidateModel show(Long id) {
        return new CandidateModel(
                "new",
                "new",
                "new",
                "new");
    }

    @Override
    public CandidateModel update(Long id, CandidateDto candidate) {
        return new CandidateModel(
                "updated",
                candidate.getLastName(),
                candidate.getEmail(),
                candidate.getPhone());
    }

    @Override
    public void delete(Long id) {

    }
}

添加Spring Data JPA

如果您真的想要受益，请将Spring Data JPA添加到混合中并完全删除DAO并只留下一个界面。你现在拥有的将被转移到服务类（它属于恕我直言）。

整个存储库

public interface ICandidateDao extends JpaRepository<CandidateModel, Long> {}

修改后的服务（现在也应该是事务性的，并且所有业务逻辑都在服务中）。

@Service
@Transactional
public class CandidateService implements ICandidateService{

    @Autowired
    ICandidateDao candidateDao;

    @Override
    public CandidateModel create(CandidateDto candidate) {
        CandidateModel candidateModel = new CandidateModel(candidate.getFirstName(), candidate.getLastName(), candidate.getEmail(), candidate.getPhone());
        return candidateDao.save(candidate);
    }

    @Override
    public CandidateModel show(Long id) {
        return candidateDao.findOne(id);
    }

    @Override
    public CandidateModel update(Long id, CandidateDto candidate) {
        CandidateModel cm = candidateDao.findOne(id);
        // Update values.
        return candidateDao.save(cm);
    }

    @Override
    public void delete(Long id) {
        candidateDao.delete(id);
    }
}

现在，您还可以删除SessionFactory的bean定义，将Application简化为main方法。

@SpringBootApplication(exclude = {ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration.class})
@EntityScan("com.buhryn.interviewer.models")
public class Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("--------------------------- Start Application ---------------------------");
        ApplicationContext ctx = SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

所以我强烈建议使用框架而不是尝试解决框架问题。因为这将真正简化您的开发人员。

依赖关系

作为最后一点，我建议从依赖项中删除spring-data-jpa依赖项，然后使用启动程序。 AspectJ使用AOP启动器也是如此。杰克逊1也不再受支持，因此添加依赖项并不能添加任何东西

dependencies {
    compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web")
    compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-actuator")
    compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-data-jpa")
    compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-aop")
    compile("com.google.code.gson:gson:2.3.1")
    compile("org.hibernate:hibernate-entitymanager:4.3.10.Final")
    compile("postgresql:postgresql:9.1-901-1.jdbc4")

    testCompile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test")
}