所以我正在尝试学习Hibernate / JPA,我想知道是否有类似于我可以使用的.NET的实体框架migrations。
我喜欢Code First(Class - > Schema)方法,但是自动生成的sql查询可能会对数据库执行奇怪的(和危险的)事情。我想验证生成的SQL查询,然后决定是否要更新数据库架构。
我启用了show_sql
属性。我以调试模式运行项目以检查生成的查询,然后停止/继续执行。
是否有更优雅(正确?)的方式来做我想要的事情?
修改:还有一个icremental架构更新功能吗?例如,如果我重命名我的Model类的字段,那么Hibernate / JPA会做以下事情:
hbm2ddl.auto=create-drop
那么它将丢弃表格
重新创建它(数据丢失)。hbm2ddl.auto=update
则会添加一个
新名称的新colunmn。我想要的是改变现有的桌子。
答案 0 :(得分:0)
是的,有一个架构生成器类。
org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport
以下是我如何使用它的示例代码(请注意,此处的帖子非常受启发)
package com.mypackage.jpa.util;
import java.io.File;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport;
public class SchemaGenerator {
private Configuration cfg;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
File f = new File(".");
String directory = f.getAbsoluteFile() + "/src/main/resources/ddl/generated/";
String packageName[] = { "com.mypackage.jpa", "com.mypackage.jpa.legacy", "com.mypackage.jpa.local",
"com.mypackage.jpa.local.impl" };
SchemaGenerator gen = new SchemaGenerator(packageName);
gen.generate(Dialect.MYSQL, directory);
}
@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
public SchemaGenerator(String[] packagesName) throws Exception {
cfg = new Configuration();
cfg.setProperty("hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto", "create");
for (String packageName : packagesName) {
for (Class clazz : getClasses(packageName)) {
cfg.addAnnotatedClass(clazz);
}
}
}
@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
private List<Class> getClasses(String packageName) throws Exception {
File directory = null;
try {
ClassLoader cld = getClassLoader();
URL resource = getResource(packageName, cld);
directory = new File(resource.getFile());
} catch (NullPointerException ex) {
throw new ClassNotFoundException(packageName + " (" + directory + ") does not appear to be a valid package");
}
return collectClasses(packageName, directory);
}
private ClassLoader getClassLoader() throws ClassNotFoundException {
ClassLoader cld = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
if (cld == null) {
throw new ClassNotFoundException("Can't get class loader.");
}
return cld;
}
private URL getResource(String packageName, ClassLoader cld) throws ClassNotFoundException {
String path = packageName.replace('.', '/');
URL resource = cld.getResource(path);
if (resource == null) {
throw new ClassNotFoundException("No resource for " + path);
}
return resource;
}
@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
private List<Class> collectClasses(String packageName, File directory) throws ClassNotFoundException {
List<Class> classes = new ArrayList<>();
if (directory.exists()) {
String[] files = directory.list();
for (String file : files) {
if (file.endsWith(".class")) {
// removes the .class extension
classes.add(Class.forName(packageName + '.' + file.substring(0, file.length() - 6)));
}
}
} else {
throw new ClassNotFoundException(packageName + " is not a valid package");
}
return classes;
}
private void generate(Dialect dialect, String directory) {
cfg.setProperty("hibernate.dialect", dialect.getDialectClass());
SchemaExport export = new SchemaExport(cfg);
export.setDelimiter(";");
export.setOutputFile(directory + "ddl_" + dialect.name().toLowerCase() + ".sql");
export.setFormat(true);
export.execute(true, false, false, false);
}
private static enum Dialect {
ORACLE("org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect"), MYSQL("org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect"), HSQL(
"org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"), H2("org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect");
private String dialectClass;
private Dialect(String dialectClass) {
this.dialectClass = dialectClass;
}
public String getDialectClass() {
return dialectClass;
}
}
}