C:卡住了dup2():-(

时间:2010-06-20 08:51:27

标签: c dup2

我准备了一个使用管道模拟shell(cmd)接口的程序。该程序有两个版本: 1.使用一根管子(使用从父母到儿童通讯的管道) 2.使用双管(使用从父到子以及从子到父进行通信的两个管道)。

所以,第一个程序提供了所需的界面并按我的意思工作,但我无法在第二个程序中使用相同的结果(界面)(使用dup2()和类似的)。

所以,我转发你的帮助并将这两个代码放在下面。

B.S。:您可以使用以下命令以相同的方式编译和尝试两个程序:

$ gcc prog1.c -o prog1

接下来让我们运行:

$ ./prog1

接下来让我们运行新终端并尝试将一些数据写入input.txt:

$ echo pwd> input.txt中

然后在第一个终端观看结果。

(这对第一个程序来说很好,但是我需要在第二个程序中使用相同的界面)

第一个程序代码(工作精细):

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>

void do_child(int data_pipe[]) {
    int c;
    int rc;
    close(data_pipe[1]);

    dup2(data_pipe[0], 0); /* This string provides the desired interface of the program */

    char* cmd[] = { "bash", (char *)0 };
    execvp("bash", cmd);

    while ((rc = read(data_pipe[0], &c, 1)) > 0) 
    {
        putchar(c);
    }
    exit(0);
}

void do_parent(int data_pipe[])
{
    int c;
    int rc;
    FILE *in;

    close(data_pipe[0]);

    while (1)
    {
        in = fopen("input.txt", "r");
        while ((c = fgetc(in)) > 0) 
        {
            rc = write(data_pipe[1], &c, 1);
            if (rc == -1) 
            {
                perror("Parent: write");
                close(data_pipe[1]);
                exit(1);
            }
        }
        fclose(in);
    }
    close(data_pipe[1]);
    exit(0);
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    int data_pipe[2];
    int pid;
    int rc;

    umask(0);
    mknod("input.txt", S_IFIFO|0666, 0);

    rc = pipe(data_pipe);
    if (rc == -1) 
    {
        perror("pipe");
        exit(1);
    }
    pid = fork();
    switch (pid) 
    {
    case -1:
        perror("fork");
        exit(1);
    case 0:
        do_child(data_pipe);
    default:
        do_parent(data_pipe);
    }
    return 0;
}

第二个程序的代码(需要纠正一点点):

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>

/* Original version got from http://www.iakovlev.org */

int parent_to_child[2];
int child_to_parent[2];

void do_parent()
{
    int c;
    char ch;
    int rc;
    FILE *in;

    close(child_to_parent[1]); /* we don't need to write to this pipe.  */
    close(parent_to_child[0]); /* we don't need to read from this pipe. */

    while (1)
    {
        in = fopen("input.txt", "r");
        while ((c = fgetc(in)) > 0) {
            ch = (char)c;
            /* write to child */
            rc = write(parent_to_child[1], &ch, 1);
            if (rc == -1) {
                perror("child: write");
                close(child_to_parent[0]);
                close(parent_to_child[1]);
                exit(1);
            }
            /* read back from child */
            rc = read(child_to_parent[0], &ch, 1);
            c = (int)ch;
            if (rc <= 0) {
                perror("parent: read");
                close(child_to_parent[0]);
                close(parent_to_child[1]);
                exit(1);
            }
            putchar(c);
        }
        fclose(in);
    }
    close(child_to_parent[0]);
    close(parent_to_child[1]);
    exit(0);
}

void do_child()
{
    int c;
    char ch;
    int rc;

    close(parent_to_child[1]); /* we don't need to write to this pipe.  */
    close(child_to_parent[0]); /* we don't need to read from this pipe. */

    //dup2(parent_to_child[0], STDIN_FILENO);
    //dup2(child_to_parent[1], STDOUT_FILENO);

    /* Some dup2() routines must be added here 
    to get this working as the first program above */

    char* cmd[] = { "bash", (char *)0 };
    execvp("bash", cmd);

    while (read(parent_to_child[0], &ch, 1) > 0) {
        c = (int)ch;
        ch = (char)c;
        putchar(ch);
        rc = write(child_to_parent[1], &ch, 1);
        if (rc == -1) {
            perror("child: write");
            close(parent_to_child[0]);
            close(child_to_parent[1]);
            exit(1);
        }
    }
    close(parent_to_child[0]);
    close(child_to_parent[1]);
    exit(0);
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    int pid;
    int rc;

    umask(0);
    mknod("input.txt", S_IFIFO|0666, 0);    

    rc = pipe(parent_to_child);
    if (rc == -1) {
        perror("main: pipe parent_to_child");
        exit(1);
    }

    rc = pipe(child_to_parent);
    if (rc == -1) {
        perror("main: pipe child_to_parent");
        exit(1);
    }

    pid = fork();
    switch (pid) {
    case -1:
        perror("main: fork");
        exit(1);
    case 0:
        do_child();
    default:
        do_parent();
    }
    return 0;
}

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

主要区别在于:

    while ((c = fgetc(in)) > 0) {
        ch = (char)c;
        /* write to child */
        rc = write(parent_to_child[1], &ch, 1);
        /* .... */
        /* read back from child */
        rc = read(child_to_parent[0], &ch, 1);
        /* .... */
        putchar(c);
    }

由于我懒得为你编译/测试,我只想推测父(在read()中被阻塞)。因为其他方面(子进程中的bash)不能保证回显每个书写字符。或者它甚至可能决定打印多个字符,而代码无法处理这些字符。

如果你必须轮询()以查看是否有东西要读。或者使用fcntl(F_SETFL)在child_to_parent [0]上设置O_NONBLOCK标志,当errno == EAGAIN时,只需跳过read()分支。然后循环,但仍然有字符要读。

Edit1。 BTW我完全错过了这个部分:你在do_parent()循环中必须对child_to_parent[0]in使用poll(),因为其他方可能写一些东西(read()不会阻塞),即使你没有写任何字符(

答案 1 :(得分:0)

感谢你,我觉得我的工作正常。

所以,这里是更新的do_parent代码:

void do_parent()
{
    int c;
    char ch;
    int rc;
    FILE *in;

    struct pollfd fds[2];
    int pol_ret;

    fds[0].fd = child_to_parent[0];

    close(child_to_parent[1]); /* we don't need to write to this pipe.  */
    close(parent_to_child[0]); /* we don't need to read from this pipe. */

    while (1)
    {   
        in = fopen("input.txt", "r");
        fds[1].fd = fileno(in);
        pol_ret = poll(fds, 2, 500);

        while ((c = fgetc(in)) > 0) {
            ch = (char)c;
            /* write to child */
            rc = write(parent_to_child[1], &ch, 1);
            if (rc == -1) {
                perror("child: write");
                close(child_to_parent[0]);
                close(parent_to_child[1]);
                exit(1);
            }
            /* read back from child */
            if (fds[0].revents & POLLIN)
            {
                rc = read(child_to_parent[0], &ch, 1);
                c = (int)ch;
                if (rc <= 0) {
                    perror("parent: read");
                    close(child_to_parent[0]);
                    close(parent_to_child[1]);
                    exit(1);
                }
                putchar(c);
            }
        }
        fclose(in);
    }
    close(child_to_parent[0]);
    close(parent_to_child[1]);
    exit(0);
}

此外,我已将此添加到do_child()中:

dup2(parent_to_child[0], STDIN_FILENO);