Django表单字段不会显示

Question

我正在关注Code School的Django Fundamentals教程，并且我已经完成了很好的理解，跟随并找出了我自己的问题，直到这一点。该教程构建了一个井字游戏。

我正在尝试添加在用户转向时进行移动的功能。

我的相关代码如下。我已经将它缩小到我认为它与使用上下文有关的地步，因为如果我把它拿出并尝试以下，它将显示表单。我想确保我的表单没问题，如果这样做的话，它似乎显示正确。

if request.method == 'POST':
    form = MoveForm(data=request.POST, instance=Move(game=game))
    if form.is_valid():
        form.save()
        return redirect('tictactoe_game_detail', pk=pk)
else:
    form = MoveForm()
return render(request, "tictactoe/game_do_move.html", {'form': form})

见？它显示表单，但只显示表单：

我希望它显示在提交按钮上方的框中，但由于某种原因它不存在。

我非常有信心表格没问题。我试过这只是为了看看上下文中是否有字段或者某些字段，但是它将x，y显示为字段。

我一直盯着这一天，我无法弄清楚我做错了什么。我正在使用Django 1.8.1。 （该教程适用于1.6，但到目前为止似乎没问题。迁移而不是syncdb似乎是我注意到的最大变化之一）

感谢您的帮助！

代码：

models.py

class Game(models.Model):
    first_player = models.ForeignKey(User, related_name="games_first_player")
    second_player = models.ForeignKey(User, related_name="games_second_player")
    next_to_move = models.ForeignKey(User, related_name="games_to_move")
    start_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    last_active = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
    status = models.CharField(max_length=1, default='A', choices=GAME_STATUS_CHOICES)

    objects = GamesManager()

    def as_board(self):
        """Return a representation of the game board as a two dimensional list,
         so you can ask for the state of a square in position [y][x].

         It will contain a list of lines, where eveyr line is a list of 'X', 'O', or ''.
         For example, a 3x3 board position:
         [['', 'X', ''],
          ['O', '', ''],
          ['X', '', '']]
         """
        board = [['' for x in range(BOARD_SIZE)] for y in range(BOARD_SIZE)]
        for move in self.move_set.all():
            board[move.y][move.x] = FIRST_PLAYER_MOVE if move.by_first_player else SECOND_PLAYER_MOVE
        return board

    def last_move(self):
        return self.move_set.latest()

    def get_absolute_url(self):
        return reverse('tictactoe_game_detail', args=[self.id])

    def games_for_user(self, user):
        return "none"

    def is_users_move(self, user):
        return self.status == 'A' and self.next_to_move == user

    def __str__(self):
        return "{0} vs {1}".format(self.first_player, self.second_player)


class Move(models.Model):
    x = models.IntegerField(validators=[MinValueValidator(0), MaxValueValidator(BOARD_SIZE-1)])
    y = models.IntegerField(validators=[MinValueValidator(0), MaxValueValidator(BOARD_SIZE-1)])
    comment = models.CharField(max_length=300, blank=True)
    game = models.ForeignKey(Game)
    by_first_player = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    timestamp = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)

    class Meta:
        get_latest_by = 'timestamp'

    def player(self):
        return self.game.first_player if self.by_first_player else self.game.second_player

views.py

@login_required
def game_detail(request, pk):
    game = get_object_or_404(Game, pk=pk)
    if game.is_users_move(request.user):
        return redirect('tictactoe_game_do_move', pk=pk)
    return render(request, "tictactoe/game_detail.html", {'game': game})


@login_required
def game_do_move(request, pk):
    game = get_object_or_404(Game, pk=pk)
    if not game.is_users_move(request.user):
        raise PermissionDenied
    context = {'game': game}
    if request.method == 'POST':
        form = MoveForm(data=request.POST, instance=Move(game=game))
        context['form'] = form
        if form.is_valid():
            form.save()
            return redirect('tictactoe_game_detail', pk=pk)
    else:
        context['form'] = MoveForm()
    return render(request, "tictactoe/game_do_move.html", {'game': game})

game_do_move.html

{% extends "tictactoe/game_detail.html" %}
{% load staticfiles %}
{% load crispy_forms_tags %}

{% block styling %}
    {{ block.super }}
    <style type="text/css">
        .tictactoe-cell.empty:hover {
            background-color: #48CA3B;
            cursor: pointer;
        }
    </style>
{% endblock styling %}

{% block moveform %}
        {{ block.super }}
    <div class="well col-md-6">
        <form action="" method="post">
            {% csrf_token %}
            {{ form | crispy }}
            <button type="submit">Submit</button>
        </form>
    </div>
{% endblock moveform %}

game_detail.html

{% extends "base.html" %}
{% load staticfiles %}

{% block title %}
    Tic-Tac-Toe game: {{ game.first_player }} vs {{ game.second_player }}
{% endblock title %}

{% block styling %}
    {{ block.super }}
    <link rel="stylesheet"
          href="{% static 'bootstrap/font-awesome-4.3.0/font-awesome-4.3.0/css/font-awesome.min.css' %}">
    <style type="text/css">
        .tictactoe-cell {
            background-color: #debb27;
        }

        #last-move {
            background-color: #DF6E1E;
        }
    </style>
{% endblock styling %}

{% block content %}
    <h3>Game: {{ game }}</h3>
    <div class="col-sm-9">
        <table class="table table-bordered" style="width: 60px; border-width: 2px">
            {% for line in game.as_board %}
                <tr>
                    {% for square in line %}
                        <td class="tictactoe-cell {% if not square %}empty{% endif %}"
                            style="width: 20px; height: 20px">
                            {{ square }}
                        </td>
                    {% endfor %}
                </tr>
            {% endfor %}
        </table>
        {% block moveform %}{% endblock moveform %}
    </div>
{% endblock content %}

forms.py

class MoveForm(ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Move
        exclude = ['game', 'by_first_player', 'comment']

urls.py

urlpatterns = patterns('tictactoe.views',
                       url(r'^invite$', 'new_invitation', name='tictactoe_invite'),
                       url(r'^invitation/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', 'accept_invitation', name='tictactoe_accept_invitation'),
                       url(r'^game/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', 'game_detail', name='tictactoe_game_detail'),
                       url(r'^game/(?P<pk>\d+)/do_move$', 'game_do_move', name='tictactoe_game_do_move'),
                       )

Answer 1

问题出在views.py中。在该行：

return render(request, "tictactoe/game_do_move.html", {'game': game})

部分{'game': game}是context。对于任何GET请求（如呈现空白表单），您都不会呈现form上下文变量。

将该行更改为：

return render(request, "tictactoe/game_do_move.html", context)

它应该有效。您将空白form对象添加到行

中的上下文变量中

else:
    context['form'] = MoveForm()

但未将其传递给render方法，它就不会出现在模板中。