使用中间变量时Python字典会发生变化

时间:2015-06-03 08:30:19

标签: python json dictionary

我正在为函数提供一个字符串,它通过char读取字符串char。基于正在处理的char,从字典中调用JSON模板,稍微编辑并保存到最终字典,该字典将被解析为JSON并保存。

问题是这个模板字典应该保持不变,但它不会。不知何故,我写入中间变量的值被保存到原始模板字典中,弄乱了我试图保存的后续数据。

我错过了字典的一些基本概念吗?这是我第一次使用词典达到这样的程度,所以我甚至不会感到惊讶。

模板字典:

self.map_legend = {"#": {"Id": 100, "Alive": False, "X": 0, "Y": 0, "Width": 1, "Height": 1, "Type": "Wall", "PlayerNumber": 0},
              "-": {"Id": 200, "Alive": False, "X": 0, "Y": 0, "Width": 1, "Height": 1, "Type": "Shield", "PlayerNumber": 0},
              "x": {"Id": 300, "Alive": False, "X": 0, "Y": 0, "Width": 1, "Height": 1, "Type": "Alien", "PlayerNumber": 0},
              "|": {"Id": 400, "Alive": False, "X": 0, "Y": 0, "Width": 1, "Height": 1, "Type": "AlienBullet", "PlayerNumber": 0},
              "!": {"Id": 500, "Alive": False, "X": 0, "Y": 0, "Width": 1, "Height": 1, "Type": "Missile", "PlayerNumber": 0},
              "i": {"Id": 500, "Alive": False, "X": 0, "Y": 0, "Width": 1, "Height": 1, "Type": "Missile", "PlayerNumber": 1},
              "M": {"Id": 600, "Alive": False, "X": 0, "Y": 0, "Width": 3, "Height": 1, "Type": "MissileController", "PlayerNumber": 0},
              "X": {"Id": 700, "Alive": False, "X": 0, "Y": 0, "Width": 3, "Height": 1, "Type": "AlienFactory", "PlayerNumber": 0},
              "A": {"Id": 800, "Alive": False, "X": 0, "Y": 0, "Width": 3, "Height": 1, "Type": "Ship", "PlayerNumber": 0},
              "V": {"Id": 800, "Alive": False, "X": 0, "Y": 0, "Width": 3, "Height": 1, "Type": "Ship", "PlayerNumber": 1},
              " ": {"Id": 900, "Alive": False, "X": 0, "Y": 0, "Width": 1, "Height": 1, "Type": "Space", "PlayerNumber": 0}}

问题代码:

for char in self.initial_game_map:
    if char != "\n":
        element = self.map_legend[char]
        self.id_counters[char] += 1

        element["Id"] = self.id_counters[char] + element["Id"]
        element["Alive"] = True
        element["X"] = char_counter % self.state_json["Map"]["Height"]
        element["Y"] = char_counter / self.state_json["Map"]["Height"]
        print self.map_legend[char]
        print element

        row.append(element)
        element = {}
        char_counter += 1

    else:
        self.state_json["Map"]["Rows"].append(row)
        row = []

一些输出:

V
{'Width': 3, 'PlayerNumber': 1, 'Y': 1, 'X': 2, 'Type': 'Ship', 'Id': 801, 'Alive': True, 'Height': 1}
{'Width': 3, 'PlayerNumber': 1, 'Y': 1, 'X': 2, 'Type': 'Ship', 'Id': 801, 'Alive': True, 'Height': 1}
#
{'Width': 1, 'PlayerNumber': 0, 'Y': 0, 'X': 18, 'Type': 'Wall', 'Id': 103, 'Alive': True, 'Height': 1}
{'Width': 1, 'PlayerNumber': 0, 'Y': 0, 'X': 18, 'Type': 'Wall', 'Id': 103, 'Alive': True, 'Height': 1}

element变量的行为符合预期,但在self.map_legend更改后,您可以看到element因某种原因假设element的值,不是我想要的。发生了什么事?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

elementself.map_legend[char]指向相同的字典,因此如果您更新element,您将更新字典self.map_legend[char]的值。您似乎想要一份副本,所以请使用:

element = self.map_legend[char].copy()

python文档中的参考:https://docs.python.org/2/library/copy.html。由于词典很浅,您不需要.deepcopy()

答案 1 :(得分:-1)

你需要deepcopy字典,否则原文将被修改。

from copy import deepcopy

element = deepcopy(self.map_legend[char])