在matplotlib

时间:2015-05-26 16:29:39

标签: python matplotlib 3d

如何在3d轴上绘制imshow()图像?我正在尝试这个post。在该帖子中,表面图看起来与imshow()图相同,但实际上它们不是。为了演示,我在这里采用了不同的数据:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import numpy as np

# create a 21 x 21 vertex mesh
xx, yy = np.meshgrid(np.linspace(0,1,21), np.linspace(0,1,21))

# create vertices for a rotated mesh (3D rotation matrix)
X =  xx 
Y =  yy
Z =  10*np.ones(X.shape)

# create some dummy data (20 x 20) for the image
data = np.cos(xx) * np.cos(xx) + np.sin(yy) * np.sin(yy)

# create the figure
fig = plt.figure()

# show the reference image
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(121)
ax1.imshow(data, cmap=plt.cm.BrBG, interpolation='nearest', origin='lower', extent=[0,1,0,1])

# show the 3D rotated projection
ax2 = fig.add_subplot(122, projection='3d')
ax2.plot_surface(X, Y, Z, rstride=1, cstride=1, facecolors=plt.cm.BrBG(data), shade=False)

以下是我的情节:

http://www.physics.iitm.ac.in/~raj/imshow_plot_surface.png

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

我认为您在3D与2D表面颜色中的错误是由于表面颜色中的数据标准化造成的。如果您使用plot_surface将传递给facecolors=plt.cm.BrBG(data/data.max()) facecolor的数据标准化,则结果更接近您所期望的结果。

如果您只是想要一个垂直于坐标轴的切片,而不是使用imshow,则可以使用contourf,从matplotlib 1.1.0起支持3D;

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import cm

# create a 21 x 21 vertex mesh
xx, yy = np.meshgrid(np.linspace(0,1,21), np.linspace(0,1,21))

# create vertices for a rotated mesh (3D rotation matrix)
X =  xx 
Y =  yy
Z =  10*np.ones(X.shape)

# create some dummy data (20 x 20) for the image
data = np.cos(xx) * np.cos(xx) + np.sin(yy) * np.sin(yy)

# create the figure
fig = plt.figure()

# show the reference image
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(121)
ax1.imshow(data, cmap=plt.cm.BrBG, interpolation='nearest', origin='lower', extent=[0,1,0,1])

# show the 3D rotated projection
ax2 = fig.add_subplot(122, projection='3d')
cset = ax2.contourf(X, Y, data, 100, zdir='z', offset=0.5, cmap=cm.BrBG)

ax2.set_zlim((0.,1.))

plt.colorbar(cset)
plt.show()

此代码生成此图像:

result

虽然这不适用于3D中任意位置的切片,其中imshow solution更好。