ES6类:在方法上应用'addEventListener'访问'this'

时间:2015-05-25 22:07:00

标签: javascript dom ecmascript-6 javascript-events

在此es6脚本中,点击事件不起作用,因为调用了sayHello方法,this.elm<div>)为this

如何在不松开范围的情况下将事件与方法相关联?

class player{
  constructor (name) {
    this.name = name;
    this.elm = document.createElement('div');
    this.elm.addEventListener('click', this.sayHello);
  }
  sayHello() {
    console.log(this.name + ' say: "hello!"'); // 'undefined say 'hello!"';
  }
  kill() {
    console.log(`RIP ${this.name} :'(`); 
    this.elm.addClass('dead');
    this.elm.removeEventListener('click', this.sayHello);
  }
}

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:92)

这是一个普遍的JS问题,但它的核心是

this.elm.addEventListener('click', this.sayHello);

没什么不同
var fn = this.sayHello;
this.elm.addEventListener('click', fn);

您正在将函数作为事件处理程序传递,但未确保在调用fnthis将设置为所需的值。在ES5中执行此操作的最简单方法是

this.elm.addEventListener('click', this.sayHello.bind(this));

或在ES6中,使用箭头功能:

this.elm.addEventListener('click', evt => this.sayHello(evt));

但请注意,这两种解决方案都会破坏kill中的(已经略微破坏)逻辑,因为

this.elm.removeEventListener('click', /* what? */);

您不再引用您附加的函数,因此您无法删除事件处理程序。

我建议两个选项:

// Create a new function that is bound, and give it a new name
// so that the 'this.sayHello()' call still works.
this.boundSayHello = evt => this.sayHello(evt);
this.elm.addEventListener('click', this.boundSayHello);
this.elm.removeEventListener('click', this.boundSayHello);

// Bind the function with the same name and use `.bind` instead of the
// arrow function option.
this.sayHello = this.sayHello.bind(this);
this.elm.addEventListener('click', this.sayHello);
this.elm.removeEventListener('click', this.sayHello);