Spring-MVC：创建良好的基础架构（配置）并避免重复

Question

我正在开发一个Spring-MVC应用程序。最近我遇到了@Scheduled方法的一些问题，我注意到整个配置加载了4次。因为@Scheduled方法被调用了4次。

3个配置不正确，用NullPointerException消失（这是我在SO上被告知的），并且幸存下来了。我非常有兴趣知道如何正确配置我的项目，因此只有一个配置被加载，而不是4，并且在此过程中了解Spring-MVC，Spring。

由于servlet-context很大，我在pastebin上发布web.xml，所以我也可以放置JAVA代码。

Servlet-context.xml：

  <context:annotation-config/>

    <mvc:annotation-driven>
        <mvc:argument-resolvers>
            <beans:bean class="org.springframework.mobile.device.DeviceWebArgumentResolver"/>
        </mvc:argument-resolvers>
    </mvc:annotation-driven>
    <mvc:interceptors>
        <beans:bean class="org.springframework.mobile.device.DeviceResolverHandlerInterceptor"/>
    </mvc:interceptors>

    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

    <resources mapping="/resources/" location="/resources/"/>

    <beans:bean
            class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <beans:property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/>
        <beans:property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
                destroy-method="close">
        <beans:property name="driverClassName" value="org.postgresql.Driver"/>
        <beans:property name="url"
                        value="jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/dbname"/>
        <beans:property name="username" value="dbuser"/>
        <beans:property name="password" value="dbpass"/>
        <beans:property name="removeAbandoned" value="true"/>
        <beans:property name="removeAbandonedTimeout" value="20"/>
        <beans:property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="false"/>
    </beans:bean>


    <!-- Hibernate 4 SessionFactory Bean definition -->
    <beans:bean id="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"
                class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <beans:property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <beans:property name="annotatedClasses">
            <beans:list>
                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.Person</beans:value>
                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.Notes</beans:value>
                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.Canvas</beans:value>
                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.Section</beans:value>
                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.Attachment</beans:value>

                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.GroupAccount</beans:value>
                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.GroupMembers</beans:value>
                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.GroupCanvas</beans:value>
                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.GroupSection</beans:value>
                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.GroupNotes</beans:value>
                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.GroupAttachments
                </beans:value>

                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.Token</beans:value>
                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.WaitingMembers
                </beans:value>
                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.NoteHistory</beans:value>
                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.GroupNoteHistory
                </beans:value>

                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.Feedback</beans:value>
                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.UnreadNotes</beans:value>
                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.SessionState</beans:value>
                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.FeatureRequest
                </beans:value>
                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.FeatureComment
                </beans:value>
                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.FeatureLike</beans:value>
                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.OnlineUsers</beans:value>
                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.NoteCount</beans:value>
                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.NoteLock</beans:value>
                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.ChatMessages</beans:value>
                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.Conversation</beans:value>
                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.Replies</beans:value>
                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.Notification</beans:value>
                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.Statistics</beans:value>
                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.PrivateChannel</beans:value>
                <beans:value>com.journaldev.spring.model.GroupChannels</beans:value>
            </beans:list>
        </beans:property>
        <beans:property name="hibernateProperties">
            <beans:props>
                <beans:prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQL9Dialect
                </beans:prop>
                <beans:prop key="hibernate.show_sql">false</beans:prop>
                <beans:prop key="connection.pool_size">200</beans:prop>
                <beans:prop key="c3p0.max_size">200</beans:prop>
                <beans:prop key="c3p0.timeout">1000</beans:prop>
             <!--   <beans:prop key="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size">1000</beans:prop>
                <beans:prop key="hibernate.order_updates">true</beans:prop>-->
                <beans:prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</beans:prop>
            </beans:props>
        </beans:property>
    </beans:bean>

    <task:annotation-driven/>

    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

    <beans:bean id="transactionManager"
                class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory" ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <!-- Person beans being here -->
    <beans:bean id="personDAO" class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.PersonDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory"
                        ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>
    <beans:bean id="personService"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.service.PersonServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="personDAO" ref="personDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>


    <!--  <beans:bean id="bayeux" class="org.cometd.server.BayeuxServerImpl" init-method="start" destroy-method="stop">
          <beans:property name="transports">
              <beans:list>
                  <beans:bean id="jsonTransport" class="org.cometd.server.transport.JSONTransport">
                      <beans:constructor-arg ref="bayeux"/>
                  </beans:bean>
                  <beans:bean id="jsonpTransport" class="org.cometd.server.transport.JSONPTransport">
                      <beans:constructor-arg ref="bayeux"/>
                  </beans:bean>
              </beans:list>
        </beans:property>
      </beans:bean>-->

    <!-- Group Account beans begin here -->

    <beans:bean id="groupAccountDAO"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.GroupAccountDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory"
                        ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="groupAccountService"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.service.GroupAccountServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="groupAccountDAO" ref="groupAccountDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <!--Group Members bean begin here -->
    <beans:bean id="groupMembersDAO"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.GroupMembersDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory"
                        ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="groupMembersService"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.service.GroupMembersServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="groupMembersDAO" ref="groupMembersDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <!-- Notes bean begin here -->
    <beans:bean id="notesDAO" class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.NotesDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory"
                        ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="notesService"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.service.NotesServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="notesDAO" ref="notesDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <!--GroupNotes begin here -->

    <beans:bean id="groupNotesDAO" class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.GroupNotesDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory"
                        ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="groupNotesService"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.service.GroupNotesServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="groupNotesDAO" ref="groupNotesDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>


    <!-- Canvas Beans begin here -->

    <beans:bean id="canvasDAO" class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.CanvasDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory"
                        ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="canvasService"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.service.CanvasServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="canvasDAO" ref="canvasDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <!--Group Canvas beans begin here -->
    <beans:bean id="groupCanvasDAO"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.GroupCanvasDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory"
                        ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="groupCanvasService"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.service.GroupCanvasServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="groupCanvasDAO" ref="groupCanvasDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <!-- Section beans begin here -->
    <beans:bean id="sectionDAO" class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.SectionDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory"
                        ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="sectionService"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.service.SectionServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="sectionDAO" ref="sectionDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <!-- Group Section beans begin here -->
    <beans:bean id="groupSectionDAO"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.GroupSectionDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory"
                        ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="groupSectionService"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.service.GroupSectionServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="groupSectionDAO" ref="groupSectionDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>


    <beans:bean id="tokenDAO" class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.TokenDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory"
                        ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="tokenService"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.service.TokenServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="tokenDAO" ref="tokenDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>


    <beans:bean id="attachDAO" class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.AttachmentDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory"
                        ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="attachService"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.service.AttachmentServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="attachmentDAO" ref="attachDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>


    <beans:bean id="mattachDAO"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.GroupAttachmentsDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory"
                        ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="mattachService"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.service.GroupAttachmentsServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="groupAttachmentsDAO" ref="mattachDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="waitingDAO"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.WaitingMembersDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory"
                        ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="waitingService"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.service.WaitingMembersServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="waitingMembersDAO" ref="waitingDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="historyDAO"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.NoteHistoryDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory"
                        ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="historyService"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.service.NoteHistoryServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="noteHistoryDAO" ref="historyDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="mhistoryDAO"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.GroupNoteHistoryDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory"
                        ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="mhistoryService"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.service.GroupNoteHistoryServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="groupNoteHistoryDAO" ref="mhistoryDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>


    <beans:bean id="feedbackDAO" class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.FeedbackDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory"
                        ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="feedbackService"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.service.FeedbackServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="feedbackDAO" ref="feedbackDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>


    <beans:bean id="unreadDAO"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.UnreadNotesDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory"
                        ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>


    <beans:bean id="unreadService"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.service.UnreadNotesServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="unreadNotesDAO" ref="unreadDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="sessionStateDAO"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.SessionStateDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory"
                        ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="sessionService"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.service.SessionStateServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionStateDAO" ref="sessionStateDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>


    <beans:bean id="featuresDAO"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.FeatureRequestDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory"
                        ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="featuresService"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.service.FeatureRequestServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="featureRequestDAO" ref="featuresDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>


    <beans:bean id="featureCommentDAO"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.FeatureCommentDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory"
                        ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="featureCommentService"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.service.FeatureCommentServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="featureCommentDAO" ref="featureCommentDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="featureLikeDAO"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.FeatureLikeDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory"
                        ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="featureLikeService"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.service.FeatureLikeServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="featureLikeDAO" ref="featureLikeDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>


    <beans:bean id="onlineUsersDAO"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.OnlineUsersDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory"
                        ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="onlineUsersService"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.service.OnlineUsersServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="onlineUsersDAO" ref="onlineUsersDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="noteCountDAO" class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.NoteCountDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory"
                        ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="noteCountService"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.service.NoteCountServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="noteCountDAO" ref="noteCountDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>


    <beans:bean id="noteLockDAO" class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.NoteLockDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory"
                        ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="noteLockService"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.service.NoteLockServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="noteLockDAO" ref="noteLockDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>


    <beans:bean id="chatDAO" class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.ChatMessagesDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory" ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="chatService" class="com.journaldev.spring.service.ChatMessagesServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="chatDAO" ref="chatDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>


    <beans:bean id="conversationDAO" class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.ConversationDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory" ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="conversationService" class="com.journaldev.spring.service.ConversationServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="conversationDAO" ref="conversationDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="repliesDAO" class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.RepliesDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory" ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="repliesService" class="com.journaldev.spring.service.RepliesServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="repliesDAO" ref="repliesDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>


    <beans:bean id="notificationDAO" class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.NotificationDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory" ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="notificationService" class="com.journaldev.spring.service.NotificationServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="notificationDAO" ref="notificationDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>


    <beans:bean id="statisticsDAO" class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.StatisticsDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory" ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="statisticsService" class="com.journaldev.spring.service.StatisticsServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="statisticsDAO" ref="statisticsDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>


    <beans:bean id="privateChannelDAO" class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.PrivateChannelDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory" ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="privateChannelService" class="com.journaldev.spring.service.PrivateChannelServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="privateChannelDAO" ref="privateChannelDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>


   <beans:bean id="groupChannelsDAO" class="com.journaldev.spring.dao.GroupChannelsDAOImpl">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory" ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="groupChannelsService" class="com.journaldev.spring.service.GroupChannelsServiceImpl">
        <beans:property name="groupChannelsDAO" ref="groupChannelsDAO"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <!--<beans:bean id="chatBean" class="com.journaldev.spring.chat.ChatServiceImpl"/>-->

    <!--Login bean -->
    <beans:bean id="LoginServiceImpl"
                class="com.journaldev.spring.service.LoginServiceImpl"/>

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.journaldev.spring"/>

    <!-- locale -->
    <beans:bean id="messageSource"
                class="org.springframework.context.support.ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource">
        <beans:property name="basename" value="classpath:/locale/messages"/>
        <beans:property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:application.properties"/>

    <!-- default locale -->
    <beans:bean id="localeResolver"
                class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.SessionLocaleResolver">
        <beans:property name="defaultLocale" value="de"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <!-- Change locale via url. -->
    <beans:bean id="localeChangeInterceptor"
                class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.LocaleChangeInterceptor">
        <beans:property name="paramName" value="lang"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="handlerMapping"
                class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.ControllerClassNameHandlerMapping">
        <beans:property name="interceptors">
            <beans:list>
                <beans:ref bean="localeChangeInterceptor"/>
            </beans:list>
        </beans:property>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean class="com.journaldev.spring.service.DoNotTruncateMyUrls"/>

    <beans:bean id="multipartResolver"
                class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <beans:property name="maxUploadSize" value="52428800"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean
            class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter">
        <beans:property name="messageConverters" ref="jsonMessageConverter"/>
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="jsonMessageConverter"
                class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"/>

</beans:beans>

如上所述，here是web.xml的URL，here是security-application.context.xml

在整个项目中，模型如下所示：

@Entity
@Table(name = "canvas")
public class Canvas {

    @Id
    @Column(name="canvasid")
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.SEQUENCE,generator = "canvas_gen")
    @SequenceGenerator(name = "canvas_gen",sequenceName = "canvas_seq")
    @Index(name = "canvasid")
    private int canvasid;
//Other variables, mappings, getters, setters
}

DAO在整个项目中看起来像这样：

@Transactional
@Repository
public class CanvasDAOImpl implements CanvasDAO{


    private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

    public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sf){
        this.sessionFactory = sf;
    }

    private Session session;

    public void setSession(Session session){this.session = session;}

   @overrride
   public returnType methodName(params..){
        session = this.sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();

}
}

最后，我的服务层看起来像这样：

@Service
@Transactional
public class CanvasServiceImpl implements CanvasService {
 private CanvasDAO canvasDAO;

    public void setCanvasDAO(CanvasDAO canvasDAO) {
        this.canvasDAO = canvasDAO;
    }
//methods
}

我在整个java文件中保持了相同的结构。为什么我的配置被加载了4次而不是1次。对于优化总体上有任何建议。谢谢。

修改的

我的服务如下：

@Service
@Transactional
public class AttachmentServiceImpl implements AttachmentService{

    @Autowired
    private AttachmentDAO attachmentDAO;
// The guy below stays or not? why?
 public void setAttachmentDAO(AttachmentDAO attachmentDAO){
        this.attachmentDAO = attachmentDAO;
    }
}

Answer 1

使用注释的目的是消除对xml配置的需求。如果您使用Spring @Service和@Repository注释，那么您可以从上面发布的xml中删除所有服务和dao定义，并用一行替换它们。

<context:component-scan base-package="x.y.z.service, x.y.z.repository" />

然后，您可以使用@Autowired注释更新所有服务类，使Spring注入相关的DAO：

@Service
@Transactional
public class CanvasServiceImpl implements CanvasService {

    @Autowired
    private CanvasDAO canvasDAO;
}

您还可以在web.xml中多次加载Spring安全上下文。一旦通过ContextLoaderListener，一次通过RequestDispatcher配置：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
        http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
    version="3.0">

    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/root-context.xml,/WEB-INF/spring/appServlet/security-applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>1440</session-timeout>
    </session-config>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    ...

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/appServlet/security-applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        <async-supported>true</async-supported>
    </servlet>

</web-app> 

然后，只需完成一些工作，您每次加载时都会在安全上下文中导入Web应用程序配置。

<import resource="servlet-context.xml" /> 

我通常会配置如此处所述。我相信这被认为是最佳做法。基本上你有Dispatcher Servlet只初始化与web相关的东西。你有Listener初始化非web内容。

http://simone-folino.blogspot.co.uk/2012/05/dispatcherservlet-vs.html

Answer 2

您的代码和配置可以改进很多内容。让我们从您的dao开始，不要将Session存储在实例变量中，我强烈建议使用构造函数注入来获取所需的依赖项。考虑到这一点你的dao应该看起来像这样。

@Transactional
@Repository
public class CanvasDAOImpl implements CanvasDAO{

    private final SessionFactory sessionFactory;

    @Autowired
    public CanvasDAOImpl(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {
        this.sessionFactory=sessionFactory;
    }

   @overrride
   public returnType methodName(params..){
        Session session = this.sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
        // Do stuff with the session.
    }
}

没有更多的setter（尤其不适用于Session！）只是一个简单的类。这同样适用于@Service类。

@Service
@Transactional
public class CanvasServiceImpl implements CanvasService {

    private final CanvasDAO canvasDAO;

    public CanvasServiceImpl(CanvasDAO canvasDAO) {
        this.canvasDAO=canvasDAO;
    }

    //methods
}

在您的配置中，您已明确定义了所有@Repository和@Service bean。您还有一个<context:component-scan />已经检测到所有@Component。删除所有显式声明的@Repository和@Service bean。这将真正清理您的配置！

在你的休眠配置中，c3p0和connection属性是无用的，因为你注入DataSource并且hibernate不是在管理它，而是Spring。删除这些行。此外，要进一步清理此配置，而不是指定处理添加packagesToScan所需的每个类，以便它自动检测@Entity带注释的bean。

使用<context:annotation-config />已隐含

<context:component-scan />，因此您可以将其删除，因为它基本上会复制内容。

您已明确定义RequestMappingHandlerMapping，但由于<mvc:annotation-driven />已注册了MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter，因此无法执行任何操作。它只占用内存，在类路径上检测到Jackson2自动注册Locale所以不需要这样做。

由于忘记使用<mvc:annotation-driven />元素注册拦截器，因此对 <context:component-scan base-package="com.journaldev.spring"/> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:application.properties"/> <mvc:annotation-driven> <mvc:argument-resolvers> <beans:bean class="org.springframework.mobile.device.DeviceWebArgumentResolver"/> </mvc:argument-resolvers> </mvc:annotation-driven> <mvc:interceptors> <beans:bean class="org.springframework.mobile.device.DeviceResolverHandlerInterceptor"/> <beans:ref bean="localeChangeInterceptor" /> </mvc:interceptors> <mvc:default-servlet-handler/> <resources mapping="/resources/" location="/resources/"/> <beans:bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <beans:property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/> <beans:property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </beans:bean> <beans:bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <beans:property name="driverClassName" value="org.postgresql.Driver"/> <beans:property name="url" value="jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/dbname"/> <beans:property name="username" value="dbuser"/> <beans:property name="password" value="dbpass"/> <beans:property name="removeAbandoned" value="true"/> <beans:property name="removeAbandonedTimeout" value="20"/> <beans:property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="false"/> </beans:bean> <!-- Hibernate 4 SessionFactory Bean definition --> <beans:bean id="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <beans:property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> <beans:property name="packagesToScan" value="com.journaldev.spring.model" /> </beans:property> <beans:property name="hibernateProperties"> <beans:props> <beans:prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQL9Dialect</beans:prop> <beans:prop key="hibernate.show_sql">false</beans:prop> <!-- <beans:prop key="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size">1000</beans:prop> <beans:prop key="hibernate.order_updates">true</beans:prop>--> <beans:prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</beans:prop> </beans:props> </beans:property> </beans:bean> <task:annotation-driven/> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/> <beans:bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager"> <beans:property name="sessionFactory" ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/> </beans:bean> <!-- <beans:bean id="bayeux" class="org.cometd.server.BayeuxServerImpl" init-method="start" destroy-method="stop"> <beans:property name="transports"> <beans:list> <beans:bean id="jsonTransport" class="org.cometd.server.transport.JSONTransport"> <beans:constructor-arg ref="bayeux"/> </beans:bean> <beans:bean id="jsonpTransport" class="org.cometd.server.transport.JSONPTransport"> <beans:constructor-arg ref="bayeux"/> </beans:bean> </beans:list> </beans:property> </beans:bean>--> <!-- locale --> <beans:bean id="messageSource" class="org.springframework.context.support.ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource"> <beans:property name="basename" value="classpath:/locale/messages"/> <beans:property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"/> </beans:bean> <!-- default locale --> <beans:bean id="localeResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.SessionLocaleResolver"> <beans:property name="defaultLocale" value="de"/> </beans:bean> <!-- Change locale via url. --> <beans:bean id="localeChangeInterceptor" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.LocaleChangeInterceptor"> <beans:property name="paramName" value="lang"/> </beans:bean> <beans:bean id="handlerMapping" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.ControllerClassNameHandlerMapping"> <beans:property name="interceptors"> <beans:list> <beans:ref bean="localeChangeInterceptor"/> </beans:list> </beans:property> </beans:bean> <beans:bean class="com.journaldev.spring.service.DoNotTruncateMyUrls"/> <beans:bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"> <beans:property name="maxUploadSize" value="52428800"/> </beans:bean> </beans:beans> 进行搜索不适用于所有网址。

将所有建议应用于您的类和配置时，其余配置如下所示。

ContextLoaderListener

然而，您真的应该将@Controller基本上所有内容加载DispatcherServlet以及@Controller只加载servlet-context.xml和网页加载的内容进行拆分。相关豆类。

所以 <context:component-scan base-package="com.journaldev.spring" use-default-filters="false"> <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" /> </context:component-scan> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:application.properties"/> <mvc:annotation-driven> <mvc:argument-resolvers> <beans:bean class="org.springframework.mobile.device.DeviceWebArgumentResolver"/> </mvc:argument-resolvers> </mvc:annotation-driven> <mvc:interceptors> <beans:bean class="org.springframework.mobile.device.DeviceResolverHandlerInterceptor"/> <beans:ref bean="localeChangeInterceptor" /> </mvc:interceptors> <mvc:default-servlet-handler/> <resources mapping="/resources/" location="/resources/"/> <beans:bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <beans:property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/> <beans:property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </beans:bean> <!-- locale --> <beans:bean id="messageSource" class="org.springframework.context.support.ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource"> <beans:property name="basename" value="classpath:/locale/messages"/> <beans:property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"/> </beans:bean> <!-- default locale --> <beans:bean id="localeResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.SessionLocaleResolver"> <beans:property name="defaultLocale" value="de"/> </beans:bean> <!-- Change locale via url. --> <beans:bean id="localeChangeInterceptor" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.LocaleChangeInterceptor"> <beans:property name="paramName" value="lang"/> </beans:bean> <beans:bean id="handlerMapping" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.ControllerClassNameHandlerMapping"> <beans:property name="interceptors"> <beans:list> <beans:ref bean="localeChangeInterceptor"/> </beans:list> </beans:property> </beans:bean> <beans:bean class="com.journaldev.spring.service.DoNotTruncateMyUrls"/> <beans:bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"> <beans:property name="maxUploadSize" value="52428800"/> </beans:bean> 看起来应该是这样的。

<context:component-scan />

然后将已删除的内容和root-context.xml（或修改后的内容）添加到<context:component-scan base-package="com.journaldev.spring"> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" /> </context:component-scan> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:application.properties"/> <beans:bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <beans:property name="driverClassName" value="org.postgresql.Driver"/> <beans:property name="url" value="jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/dbname"/> <beans:property name="username" value="dbuser"/> <beans:property name="password" value="dbpass"/> <beans:property name="removeAbandoned" value="true"/> <beans:property name="removeAbandonedTimeout" value="20"/> <beans:property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="false"/> </beans:bean> <!-- Hibernate 4 SessionFactory Bean definition --> <beans:bean id="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <beans:property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> <beans:property name="packagesToScan" value="com.journaldev.spring.model" /> </beans:property> <beans:property name="hibernateProperties"> <beans:props> <beans:prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQL9Dialect</beans:prop> <beans:prop key="hibernate.show_sql">false</beans:prop> <!-- <beans:prop key="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size">1000</beans:prop> <beans:prop key="hibernate.order_updates">true</beans:prop>--> <beans:prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</beans:prop> </beans:props> </beans:property> </beans:bean> <task:annotation-driven/> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/> <beans:bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager"> <beans:property name="sessionFactory" ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"/> </beans:bean> <!-- <beans:bean id="bayeux" class="org.cometd.server.BayeuxServerImpl" init-method="start" destroy-method="stop"> <beans:property name="transports"> <beans:list> <beans:bean id="jsonTransport" class="org.cometd.server.transport.JSONTransport"> <beans:constructor-arg ref="bayeux"/> </beans:bean> <beans:bean id="jsonpTransport" class="org.cometd.server.transport.JSONPTransport"> <beans:constructor-arg ref="bayeux"/> </beans:bean> </beans:list> </beans:property> </beans:bean>--> 。

<import resource="servlet-context.xml" />

从security-context.xml中删除DispatcherServlet。

最后让servlet-context.xml加载security-context.xml而不是Email。

现在，由于您不再为每个上下文加载两次bean，因此应该减少内存占用，并且不应再有4个预定作业。理想情况下，您的JavaMailSender类也应该是Spring托管bean，我建议使用{{1}} API来简化发送电子邮件。

所以基本上你面前的任务是主要删除东西，你最终会得到更少的代码和更少的配置，但仍然可以实现相同的目标。

如需更多实际操作建议，我可以聘请;）