Question

我正在尝试学习一些pygame编程，所以我找到了一个关键项目，这应该是学习python / pygame的良好开端。链接：pivaders

所以我现在不想制作整个游戏。我只是想完成Game-Menu：这意味着我想要开始画面，在推动SPACE后我想要进入游戏画面。
这是我的代码

import pygame, random

RES = (800, 600)

class GameState:
    pass

class Game(object):
    def __init__(self):
        pygame.init()
        pygame.font.init()
        self_screen = pygame.display.set_mode([RES[0], RES[1]])
        self.intro_font = pygame.font.Font(
            'data/Orbitracer.ttf', 72)
        self.intro_screen = pygame.image.load(
            '/home/pi/pivaders/data/graphics/start_screen.jpg')
        self.background = pygame.image.load(
            '/home/pi/pivaders/data/graphics/Space-Background.jpg')
        GameState.end_game = False
        GameState.start_screen = True


    def control(self):
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                GameState.start_screen = False
                GameState.end_game = True
            if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN \
            and event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
                if GameState.start_screen:
                    GameState.start_screen = False
                    GameState.end_game = True
                else:
                    GameState.start_screen = True
        self.keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
        if self.keys[pygame.K_SPACE]:
            if GameState.start_screen:
                GameState.start_screen = False

    def splash_screen(self):
        while GameState.start_screen:
            self.screen.blit(self.intro_screen, [0, 0])
            self.screen.blit(self.intro_font.render(
                "PIVADERS", 1, WHITE), (265, 128))
            self.screen.blit(self.intro_font.render(
                "PRESS SPACE TO PLAY", 1, WHITE), (284, 191))
            pygame.display.flip()
            self.control()

    def refresh_screen(self):
        self.all_sprite_list.draw(self.screen)
        self.screen.blit(self.background, [0, 0])
        self.clock.tick(self.refresh_rate)

    def main_loop(self):
        while not GameState.end_game:
            while not GameState.start_screen:
                self.control()
                self.refresh_screen()
            self.splash_screen()
        pygame.quit()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    pv = Game()
    pv.main_loop()

现在我收到此错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):                                  
File "/home/pi/pivaders/MenuTest.py", line 65, in <module>                     
pv.main_loop()
File "/home/pi/pivaders/MenuTest.py", line 60, in main_loop
self.splash_screen()
File "/home/pi/pivaders/MenuTest.py", line 42, in splash_screen
self.screen.blit(self.intro_screen, [0, 0])
AttributeError: 'Game' object has no attribute 'screen'

我发现了有关该错误和屏幕/自我屏幕的其他问题，但我无法弄清楚如何通过使用新信息来解决我的问题。我不知道为什么AttributeError：在这里弹出我从未使用过没有自己的屏幕..

我已经在这里： How do I solve an attribute error?
https://www.daniweb.com/software-development/python/threads/348024/global-name-screen-is-not-definedpygame

Answer 1

您的__init__方法中存在拼写错误。

self_screen = pygame.display.set_mode([RES[0], RES[1]])

应该是

self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode([RES[0], RES[1]])

请注意self_screen和self.screen之间的区别。

Answer 2

好了，现在我得到了start_screen，但SPACE不是我认为的那样：3 我删除了“refresh_screen”方法，因为我猜这里没用。我还添加了全局变量“WHITE =（255,255,255）”，因为我忘记了。当然我用self.screen替换了self_screen 。
现在我必须通过推动SPACE来找出改变图片的缺失。如果我发现它，我会写另一个答案。

Answer 3

好的，现在我有我想要的东西。如果我开始，start_screen进入一个800x600的窗口。按下SPACE后，我进入ingame_screen。使用ESC我回到开始屏幕并再次ESC关闭程序。
我错过了代码的和平：

 def refresh_screen(self):
        pygame.display.flip()
        self.screen.blit(self.background, [0, 0])


def main_loop(self):
    while not GameState.end_game:
        while not GameState.start_screen:
            self.control()
            self.refresh_screen() #change picture
        self.splash_screen()
    pygame.quit()

这里现在已经完整的代码（我得到了图片和Git链接的Orbitracer.ttf在我的问题中）：

import pygame, random

RES = (800, 600)
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)

class GameState:
    pass

class Game(object):
    def __init__(self):
        pygame.init()
        pygame.font.init()
        self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode([RES[0], RES[1]])
        self.intro_font = pygame.font.Font(
            'data/Orbitracer.ttf', 72)
        self.intro_screen = pygame.image.load(
            '/home/pi/pivaders/data/graphics/start_screen.jpg')
        self.background = pygame.image.load(
            '/home/pi/pivaders/data/graphics/Space-Background.jpg')
        GameState.end_game = False
        GameState.start_screen = True


    def control(self):
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                GameState.start_screen = False
                GameState.end_game = True
            if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN \
            and event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
                if GameState.start_screen:
                    GameState.start_screen = False
                    GameState.end_game = True
                else:
                    GameState.start_screen = True
        self.keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
        if self.keys[pygame.K_SPACE]:
            if GameState.start_screen:
                GameState.start_screen = False

    def splash_screen(self):
        while GameState.start_screen:
            self.screen.blit(self.intro_screen, [0, 0])
            self.screen.blit(self.intro_font.render(
                "PIVADERS", 1, WHITE), (175, 128))
            self.screen.blit(self.intro_font.render(
                "PRESS SPACE TO PLAY", 1, WHITE), (175, 191))
            pygame.display.flip()
            self.control()

    def refresh_screen(self):
        pygame.display.flip()
        self.screen.blit(self.background, [0, 0])

    def main_loop(self):
        while not GameState.end_game:
            while not GameState.start_screen:
                self.control()
                self.refresh_screen()
            self.splash_screen()
        pygame.quit()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    pv = Game()
    pv.main_loop()

pygame：self.screen AttributeError：...没有属性'screen'

3 个答案: