在我的项目的某个地方,我使用fork和pipe来执行另一个进程并管道其I / O以与之通信(我用C ++编写)。当我在Ubuntu 14.04中编译它时没有问题,它可以正常工作,但我在一个WMWare虚拟机上的fedora中编译它,并且奇怪的事情开始发生。如果我在终端中运行二进制文件,则没有错误,但管道中不会写入任何内容(但是获取字符流将起作用)。我尝试在fedora中调试我的代码,我在我的代码中设置了一个断点,但是当进程试图从管道读取时(在终端中执行时没有信号),然后给出了一个损坏的管道信号。 那么,你们之前遇到过这样的问题吗? debian和red hat linux之间的管道有什么区别吗?或者是因为我在虚拟机上运行fedora?
CODE:
int mFD_p2c [2];
int mFD_c2p [2];
int mEnginePID;
if (pipe(mFD_p2c) != 0 || pipe(mFD_c2p) != 0)
{
cout << "Failed to pipe";
exit(1);
}
mEnginePID = fork();
if (mEnginePID < 0)
{
cout << "Fork failed";
exit(-1);
}
else if (mEnginePID == 0)
{
if (dup2(mFD_p2c[0], 0) != 0 ||
close(mFD_p2c[0]) != 0 ||
close(mFD_p2c[1]) != 0)
{
cout << "Child: failed to set up standard input";
exit(1);
}
if (dup2(mFD_c2p[1], 1) != 1 ||
close(mFD_c2p[1]) != 0 ||
close(mFD_c2p[0]) != 0)
{
cout << "Child: failed to set up standard output";
exit(1);
}
string engine = "stockfish";
execlp(engine.c_str(), (char *) 0);
cout << "Failed to execute " << engine;
exit(1);
}
else
{
close(mFD_p2c[0]);
close(mFD_c2p[1]);
string str = "uci";
int nbytes = str.length();
if (write(mFD_p2c[1], str.c_str(), nbytes) != nbytes)
{
cout << "Parent: short write to child";
exit(1);
}
cout << "The following string has been written to engine:\n"
<< string(1, '\t') << str;
char readBuffer[2];
string output = "";
while (1)
{
int bytes_read = read(mFD_c2p[0], readBuffer, sizeof(char));
if (readBuffer[0] == '\n')
break;
readBuffer[bytes_read] = '\0';
output += readBuffer;
}
cout << "Got: " << output;
}
答案 0 :(得分:0)
debian和red hat之间的管道没有区别,但以下问题列表可能会对您有所帮助:
- Ubuntu和Fedora使用相同的架构(64位对32位)?
- 您使用相同版本的gcc(或任何其他编译器)吗?
(建议:使用cerr进行错误输出,也可以使用调试输出 - &gt;你复制标准输出和输入,所以如果出现故障你可能看不到它)
答案 1 :(得分:0)
无论如何,这里是你如何把它变成一个独立的,可编辑的例子:
<强>鱼干强>
#cat stockfish
tr a-z A-Z #just so we do something
echo #need to end with a "\n" or else the parent won't break out of the while loop
运行命令:
make pipes && PATH=.:$PATH pipes
<强> pipes.cc 强>
//pipes.cc
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
using namespace std;
int mFD_p2c [2];
int mFD_c2p [2];
int mEnginePID;
if (pipe(mFD_p2c) != 0 || pipe(mFD_c2p) != 0)
{
cout << "Failed to pipe";
exit(1);
}
mEnginePID = fork();
if (mEnginePID < 0)
{
cout << "Fork failed";
exit(-1);
}
else if (mEnginePID == 0)
{
if (dup2(mFD_p2c[0], 0) != 0 ||
close(mFD_p2c[0]) != 0 ||
close(mFD_p2c[1]) != 0)
{
cout << "Child: failed to set up standard input";
exit(1);
}
if (dup2(mFD_c2p[1], 1) != 1 ||
close(mFD_c2p[1]) != 0 ||
close(mFD_c2p[0]) != 0)
{
cout << "Child: failed to set up standard output";
exit(1);
}
string engine = "stockfish";
char *const args[]={};
int ret;
execvp(engine.c_str(), args);
//I need the endl here or else it doesn't show for me when the execvp fails; I wasn't able to compile the original exec command so I used a different one from the exec* family
cout << "Failed to execute " << engine << endl;
exit(1);
}
else
{
close(mFD_p2c[0]);
close(mFD_c2p[1]);
string str = "uci";
int nbytes = str.length();
if (write(mFD_p2c[1], str.c_str(), nbytes) != nbytes)
{
cout << "Parent: short write to child";
exit(1);
}
//My particular child process tries to read to the end, so give it the EOF
close(mFD_p2c[1]);
cout << "The following string has been written to engine:\n"
<< string(1, '\t') << str;
char readBuffer[2];
string output = "";
while (1)
{
int bytes_read = read(mFD_c2p[0], readBuffer, sizeof(char));
if (readBuffer[0] == '\n')
break;
readBuffer[bytes_read] = '\0';
output += readBuffer;
}
cout << "Got: " << output;
}
return 0;
}
<强>输出:强>
The following string has been written to engine:
uciGot: UCI
答案 2 :(得分:0)
我看到你正在使用干鱼。我也从Stockfish中经历过这种行为。问题在于它如何处理输出。在misc.h
中定义:
#define sync_cout std::cout << IO_LOCK
再次查看代码,我们会看到IO_LOCK
是一个枚举,用于cout的重载友元运算符:
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, SyncCout sc) {
static Mutex m;
if (sc == IO_LOCK)
m.lock();
if (sc == IO_UNLOCK)
m.unlock();
return os;
}
我在这里看到的是,在使用cout时,互斥锁被锁定。我不知道这究竟是如何影响cout在管道中的输出而不是stdout,但我肯定这是导致问题的原因。您可以通过删除锁定功能来检查它。
编辑:我忘了提到前面提到的基于linux的系统中的管道行为没有什么不同,但处理与管道一起使用的互斥锁的分布之间可能会有细微差别。