Question

假设我有以下方法：

 public string GetSchedules(string request)
    {
        using (var soapClient = new ServiceReference1.CustomDataTimetableToolKitServicesSoapClient(EndpointConfiguratioName, Endpoint))
        {
            return soapClient.GetSchedules(AuthenticationInfo, request);
        }
    }

    public string GetCountryList(string request)
    {
        using (var soapClient = new ServiceReference1.CustomDataTimetableToolKitServicesSoapClient(EndpointConfiguratioName, Endpoint))
        {
            return soapClient.GetCountryList(AuthenticationInfo, request);
        }
    }

    public string GetCarriers(string request)
    {
        using (var soapClient = new ServiceReference1.CustomDataTimetableToolKitServicesSoapClient(EndpointConfiguratioName, Endpoint))
        {
            return soapClient.GetCarriers(AuthenticationInfo, request);
        }
    }

正如您所看到的，唯一不同的是调用的方法的名称。我怎么能重构这些方法只应用“using”语句一次并避免代码重复？

Answer 1

对我而言，你所拥有的一切都很好，但如果你想要考虑那些因素，你可以使用Func和lambdas。这些方面的东西：

public string GetSchedules(string request)
{
    return Worker((c) => c.GetSchedules(AuthenticationInfo, request));
}

public string GetCountryList(string request)
{
    return Worker((c) => c.GetCountryList(AuthenticationInfo, request));
}

public string GetCarriers(string request)
{
    return Worker((c) => c.GetCarriers(AuthenticationInfo, request));
}

private string Worker(Func<SoapClientClassGoesHere, string> f)
{
    using (var soapClient = new ServiceReference1.CustomDataTimetableToolKitServicesSoapClient(EndpointConfiguratioName, Endpoint))
    {
        return f(soapClient);
    }
}

Func<A, R>表示＆＃34;一个函数，它接受A类型的参数并返回类型为R＆＃34的值; （对于一个带有两个参数的函数，你可以Func<A, B, R>。）。

有关this question和this question中Func<>和lambdas的更多信息（以及更多，它是一个丰富的主题）。

这里是一个live example on ideone.com（一个非常愚蠢的实例，但它展示了这个概念）：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

class Foo {
    public string GetSchedules(string request)
    {
        return Worker((c) => c[request]);
    }

    public string GetCountryList(string request)
    {
        return Worker((c) => c[request].ToUpper());
    }

    public string GetCarriers(string request)
    {
        return Worker((c) => c[request].ToLower());
    }

    private string Worker(Func<Dictionary<string,string>, string> f)
    {
        var d = new Dictionary<string, string>();
        d.Add("1", "One");
        d.Add("2", "Two");
        d.Add("3", "Three");
        return f(d);
    }
}

public class Test
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        var f = new Foo();
        Console.WriteLine(f.GetSchedules("1"));
        Console.WriteLine(f.GetCountryList("1"));
        Console.WriteLine(f.GetCarriers("1"));
    }
}

Answer 2

那里真的没有多少重复。尽管如此，

public ServiceReference1.CustomDataTimetableToolKitServicesSoapClient NewClient()
{
    return new ServiceReference1.CustomDataTimetableToolKitServicesSoapClient(EndpointConfiguratioName, Endpoint)
}

using (var client = NewClient()) {
    return soapClient.GetCountryList(AuthenticationInfo, request);
}

此外，由于所有方法都采用string参数并返回string，因此编写单个方法来调用它们很容易，将操作作为委托传递。不幸的是，我现在没有时间为你写这篇文章。

Answer 3

您可以这样使用lambda函数：

public string GetCarriers(string request)
{
    return Get((authInfo, request) => soapClient.GetCarriers(authInfo, request), request);
}

...

public string Get(Func<AuthenticationInfo, string, string> action, string request) {
    using (var soapClient = new ServiceReference1.CustomDataTimetableToolKitServicesSoapClient(EndpointConfiguratioName, Endpoint))
    {
        return action(AuthenticationInfo, request)
    }
}

我不知道是否编译，但你明白了。

编辑：正如@Tim S.注意到的，这段代码可能更短：

public string GetCarriers(string request)
{
    return Get(soapClient.GetCarriers, request);
}

...

public string Get(Func<AuthenticationInfo, string, string> action, string request) {
    using (var soapClient = new ServiceReference1.CustomDataTimetableToolKitServicesSoapClient(EndpointConfiguratioName, Endpoint))
    {
        return action(AuthenticationInfo, request)
    }
}

编辑2：客户端超出范围。所以正确的代码是：

public string GetCarriers(string request)
{
    return Get((client, authInfo, request) => client.GetCarriers(authInfo, request));
}

...

public string Get(Func<ISoapClient, AuthenticationInfo, string, string> action, string request) {
    using (var soapClient = new ServiceReference1.CustomDataTimetableToolKitServicesSoapClient(EndpointConfiguratioName, Endpoint))
    {
        return action(soapClient, AuthenticationInfo, request)
    }
}

Answer 4

如果您的Projekt不是很大，您可以使用以下内容（它有点乱，并且很容易出错）：

public string getX (string request, string x)
{
    using (var soapClient = new ServiceReference1.CustomDataTimetableToolKitServicesSoapClient(EndpointConfiguratioName, Endpoint))
    {
        switch (x)
        {
            case "schedules":
                return soapClient.GetSchedules(AuthenticationInfo, request);
                break;
            case "countryList":
                return soapClient.GetCountryList(AuthenticationInfo, request);
                break;
            case "carriers":
                return soapClient.GetCarriers(AuthenticationInfo, request);
                break;
            }
        }
    }
}

如何重构“使用”语句以避免代码重复？

4 个答案: