给出以下代码(它是一个为列表数据结构生成代码的宏,基于所包含的类型)。
list.h
#ifndef _LIST_H
#define _LIST_H
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
#define LIST_TEMPLATE_INIT(type) \
typedef struct __list_s_##type { \
struct __list_s_##type *next; \
type value; \
} __list_##type; \
\
__list_##type * __list_##type##_malloc(type value){ \
__list_##type * list = NULL; \
list = malloc(sizeof(*list)); \
list->value = value; \
return list; \
}\
\
void __list_##type##_free(__list_##type *list){\
__list_##type * back = list;\
while(list=list->next){\
free(back);\
back = list;\
}\
}
#define LIST_TYPE(type) __list_##type
#define LIST_MALLOC(type,value) __list_##type##_malloc(value)
#define LIST_FREE(type,list) __list_##type##_free(list)
#define LIST_DATA(list) (list->value)
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif /* _LIST_H */
以上代码的工作原理如下:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "list.h"
/*
*
*/
LIST_TEMPLATE_INIT(int)
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
LIST_TYPE(int)* list = NULL;
list = LIST_MALLOC(int, 5);
printf("%d",LIST_DATA(list));
LIST_FREE(int,list);
return (0);
}
我的问题是,是否有可能以分散的方式以某种方式调用:LIST_TEMPLATE_INIT(int)
,尽可能多次?
现在的问题是,在另一个文件中调用LIST_TEMPLATE_INIT(int)
会引发编译错误(因为函数重新定义):
错误示例:
error: redefinition of ‘struct __list_s_int’
error: redefinition of ‘struct __list_s_int’
error: conflicting types for ‘__list_int’
note: previous declaration of ‘__list_int’ was here
error: conflicting types for ‘__list_int_malloc’
note: previous definition of ‘__list_int_malloc’ was here
error: conflicting types for ‘__list_int_free’
note: previous definition of ‘__list_int_free’ was here
答案 0 :(得分:5)
我建议创建不同的宏来声明和定义列表结构,然后为每个宏使用单独的头文件和源文件:
<强> list.h 强>:
#ifndef _LIST_H
#define _LIST_H
#define LIST_TEMPLATE_DECLARE(type) \
struct __list_##type; \
typedef struct __list_##type __list_##type; \
struct __list_##type { \
struct __list_##type * next; \
type value; \
}; \
\
__list_##type * __list_##type##_malloc(type value); \
void __list_##type##_free(__list_##type * list);
#define LIST_TEMPLATE_DEFINE(type) \
__list_##type * __list_##type##_malloc(type value) { \
__list_##type * list = NULL; \
list = malloc(sizeof(*list)); \
list->value = value; \
return list; \
} \
void __list_##type##_free(__list_##type * list) { \
__list_##type * back = list; \
while(list=list->next){ \
free(back); \
back = list; \
} \
}
#define LIST_TYPE(type) __list_##type
#define LIST_MALLOC(type,value) __list_##type##_malloc(value)
#define LIST_FREE(type,list) __list_##type##_free(list)
#define LIST_DATA(list) (list->value)
#endif /* _LIST_H */
<强> int_list.h 强>:
#ifndef INT_LIST_H_
#define INT_LIST_H_
#include "list.h"
LIST_TEMPLATE_DECLARE(int)
#endif /* INT_LIST_H_ */
<强> int_list.c 强>:
#include "int_list.h"
LIST_TEMPLATE_DEFINE(int)
<强> other.c 强>:
#include "int_list.h"
int some_function(int argc, char** argv)
{
LIST_TYPE(int)* list = NULL;
list = LIST_MALLOC(int, 5);
printf("%d",LIST_DATA(list));
LIST_FREE(int,list);
return (0);
}
答案 1 :(得分:0)
使基础结构类型成为匿名。这样您就可以根据自己的心愿来定义:
#define LIST_TEMPLATE_INIT(type) \
typedef struct { \
struct __list_s_##type *next; \
type value; \
} __list_##type; \