返回对象列表作为字典,键作为对象id与django rest framerwork

时间:2015-04-28 21:37:54

标签: python django api dictionary django-rest-framework

目前,我有一个ListAPIView,它返回一个对象字典列表:

[
  { id: 1, ...},
  { id: 2, ...},
  ...
]

我想将其更改为格式化为id为键的字典:

{
  "1": { id: 1, ...},
  "2": { id: 2, ...},
  ...
}

如何使用Django Rest Framework以这种方式自定义输出?目前我正在进行重新格式化客户端,但我想在服务器端进行。

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:5)

我认为您可以在Serializer中实现to_representation功能。

class MySerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    id = serializers.ReadOnlyField()
    field1 = serializers.ReadOnlyField()
    field2 = serializers.ReadOnlyField()

    def to_representation(self, data):
        res = super(MySerializer, self).to_representation(data)
        return {res['id']: res}
        # or you can fetch the id by data directly
        # return {str(data.id): res}

答案 1 :(得分:4)

您可以遍历每个项目并使用词典理解创建所需的词典。例如:

>>> l = [{ "id": 1, "x": 4}, { "id": 2, "x": 3}]
>>> {v["id"]: v for v in l}
{1: {'x': 4, 'id': 1}, 2: {'x': 3, 'id': 2}}

答案 2 :(得分:2)

编辑:Github project和PYPI(pip install drf-keyed-list)中可用的当前版本

这是一个双向通用类(相对于上面的只读实现):

class KeyedListSerializer(ListSerializer):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        meta = getattr(self.child, 'Meta', None)
        assert hasattr(meta, 'keyed_list_serializer_field'), \
            "Must provide a field name at keyed_list_serializer_field when using KeyedListSerializer"
        self._keyed_field = meta.keyed_list_serializer_field

    def to_internal_value(self, data):
        # syntax is py3 only
        data = [{**v, **{self._keyed_field: k}} for k, v in data.items()]
        return super().to_internal_value(data)

    def to_representation(self, data):
        response = super().to_representation(data)
        return {v.pop(self._keyed_field): v for v response}

对于Py2,您需要使super调用显式并替换指示的字典构造函数。您可以通过将其分配给list_serializer_class并选择一个keyed_list_serializer_field(即用作dict键的字段)来使用它:

class MySerializer(ModelSerializer):

    class Meta:
        list_serializer_class = KeyedListSerializer
        keyed_list_serializer_field = 'id'

keyed_list_serializer_field应该包含唯一值;上面的实现没有检查。