Question

我现在在我的功能测试中工作，其中一个我必须测试没有显示Toast消息。考虑到这是我用来检查是否显示toast消息的代码（此代码有效）：

onView(withText(R.string.my_toast_message))
        .inRoot(withDecorView(not(getActivity().getWindow().getDecorView())))
        .check(matches(isDisplayed()));

在下面你可以找到我用来检查没有显示toast消息的代码（它们都不起作用）：

方法一：

onView(withText(R.string.error_invalid_login))
        .inRoot(withDecorView(not(getActivity().getWindow().getDecorView())))
        .check(matches(not(isDisplayed())));

方法二：

onView(withText(R.string.error_invalid_login))
        .inRoot(withDecorView(not(getActivity().getWindow().getDecorView())))
        .check(doesNotExist());

关于如何检查未显示Toast消息的任何想法将非常感激：）

Answer 1

在espresso中测试吐司消息的最佳方法是使用自定义匹配器：

public class ToastMatcher extends TypeSafeMatcher<Root> {
    @Override public void describeTo(Description description) {
        description.appendText("is toast");
    }

    @Override public boolean matchesSafely(Root root) {
        int type = root.getWindowLayoutParams().get().type;
        if ((type == WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_TOAST)) {
            IBinder windowToken = root.getDecorView().getWindowToken();
            IBinder appToken = root.getDecorView().getApplicationWindowToken();
            if (windowToken == appToken) {
                //means this window isn't contained by any other windows. 
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
}

您可以在测试用例中使用：

测试是否显示Toast消息

onView(withText(R.string.message)).inRoot(new ToastMatcher())
.check(matches(isDisplayed()));

测试是否未显示Toast消息

onView(withText(R.string.message)).inRoot(new ToastMatcher())
.check(matches(not(isDisplayed())));

测试ID Toast包含特定的短信

onView(withText(R.string.message)).inRoot(new ToastMatcher())
.check(matches(withText("Invalid Name"));

我从我的博客中复制了这个答案 - http://qaautomated.blogspot.in/2016/01/how-to-test-toast-message-using-espresso.html

Answer 2

当吐司不存在时，需要捕获该情况，其中抛出NoMatchingRootException。下面显示了捕捉它的“Espresso方式”。

public static Matcher<Root> isToast() {
    return new WindowManagerLayoutParamTypeMatcher("is toast", WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_TOAST);
}
public static void assertNoToastIsDisplayed() {
    onView(isRoot())
            .inRoot(isToast())
            .withFailureHandler(new PassMissingRoot())
            .check(matches(not(anything("toast root existed"))))
    ;
}

使用上述内容的快速（自我）测试：

@Test public void testToastMessage() {
    Toast toast = createToast("Hello Toast!");
    assertNoToastIsDisplayed();
    toast.show();
    onView(withId(android.R.id.message))
            .inRoot(isToast())
            .check(matches(withText(containsStringIgnoringCase("hello"))));
    toast.cancel();
    assertNoToastIsDisplayed();
}

private Toast createToast(final String message) {
    final AtomicReference<Toast> toast = new AtomicReference<>();
    InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().runOnMainSync(new Runnable() {
        @SuppressLint("ShowToast") // will be shown later
        @Override public void run() {
            toast.set(Toast.makeText(InstrumentationRegistry.getContext(), message, Toast.LENGTH_LONG));
        }
    });
    return toast.get();
}

神奇的可重用帮助程序类：

public class PassMissingRoot implements FailureHandler {
    private final FailureHandler defaultHandler
            = new DefaultFailureHandler(InstrumentationRegistry.getTargetContext());
    @Override public void handle(Throwable error, Matcher<View> viewMatcher) {
        if (!(error instanceof NoMatchingRootException)) {
            defaultHandler.handle(error, viewMatcher);
        }
    }
}

public class WindowManagerLayoutParamTypeMatcher extends TypeSafeMatcher<Root> {
    private final String description;
    private final int type;
    private final boolean expectedWindowTokenMatch;
    public WindowManagerLayoutParamTypeMatcher(String description, int type) {
        this(description, type, true);
    }
    public WindowManagerLayoutParamTypeMatcher(String description, int type, boolean expectedWindowTokenMatch) {
        this.description = description;
        this.type = type;
        this.expectedWindowTokenMatch = expectedWindowTokenMatch;
    }
    @Override public void describeTo(Description description) {
        description.appendText(this.description);
    }
    @Override public boolean matchesSafely(Root root) {
        if (type == root.getWindowLayoutParams().get().type) {
            IBinder windowToken = root.getDecorView().getWindowToken();
            IBinder appToken = root.getDecorView().getApplicationWindowToken();
            if (windowToken == appToken == expectedWindowTokenMatch) {
                // windowToken == appToken means this window isn't contained by any other windows.
                // if it was a window for an activity, it would have TYPE_BASE_APPLICATION.
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
}

Answer 3

这有效

boolean exceptionCaptured = false;
try {
  onView(withText(R.string.error_invalid_login))
          .inRoot(withDecorView(not(is(getActivity().getWindow().getDecorView()))))
          .check(doesNotExist());
}catch (NoMatchingRootException e){
  exceptionCaptured = true;
}finally {
  assertTrue(exceptionCaptured);
}

Answer 4

例如，如果您不仅有烤面包，而且还有PopupWindow，似乎很难用浓缩咖啡进行这种简单的检查。

对于这种情况，建议只是放弃这里的浓缩咖啡，并使用UiAutomator进行断言

val device: UiDevice
   get() = UiDevice.getInstance(InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation())

fun assertPopupIsNotDisplayed() {
    device.waitForIdle()
    assertFalse(device.hasObject(By.text(yourText))))
}

fun assertPopupIsDisplayed() {
    device.waitForIdle()
    assertTrue(device.hasObject(By.text(yourText))))
}

Answer 5

我知道它已经很晚了但可能会对其他人有所帮助。

    onView(withText("Test")).inRoot(withDecorView(not(mActivityRule.getActivity().getWindow().getDecorView())))
            .check(doesNotExist());

Answer 6

喜欢@anuja jain的回答，但是如果你得到NoMatchingRootException，你可以注释if ((type == WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_TOAST))检查并将return true;行添加到内部if块。

Answer 7

尝试以下解决方案

onView(withId(android.R.id.message))
                .inRoot(withDecorView(not(is(mRule.getActivity().getWindow().getDecorView()))))
                .check(matches(withText("Some message")));

Answer 8

您可以查看源代码here并创建自己的视图匹配器，完全相反。

Android Espresso：如何检查Toast消息是否未显示？

8 个答案: