我正在尝试使用自定义字符串和定义类构建自定义字典类。在尝试重载>>时(输入)我遇到了一些问题。当函数结束时,发送给它的字典不会改变。附上代码: 这是重载:
istream& operator>>(istream& ip, Dictionary& var) {
Definition temp;
ip >> temp;
var += temp;
return ip;
}
以及其中使用的一些其他功能:
Dictionary& Dictionary::operator+=(Definition& input) {
if (!checkCopy(input))
{
Definition** temp;
temp = new Definition*[numWords + 1];
for (int i = 0; i < numWords; i++)
{
temp[i] = book[i];
}
numWords++;
temp[numWords - 1] = &input;
delete[] book;
book = temp;
}
return *this;
}
Dictionary::Dictionary(Dictionary& input) {
*this = input;
}
Dictionary& Dictionary::operator=(Dictionary& input) {
if (numWords != 0)
delete[] book;
book = new Definition*[input.numWords];
for (int i = 0; i < input.numWords; i++)
{
*this += *input.book[i];
}
return *this;
}
班级本身:
class Dictionary
{
private:
int numWords = 0;
Definition** book;
public:
Dictionary();
~Dictionary();
Dictionary(Dictionary&);
bool operator==(Dictionary&) const;
Dictionary& operator=(Definition&);
Dictionary& operator=(Dictionary&);
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream&, const Dictionary&);
friend istream& operator>>(istream&, Dictionary&);
Dictionary& operator-=(int);
Dictionary& operator+=(Definition&);
bool checkCopy(Definition&);
Definition& operator[](int); //left side brackets for input
Definition operator[](int) const; //right side brackets for output
};
编辑:这里也是定义输入的重载运算符:
istream& operator>>(istream& ip, Definition& var)
{
cout << "Please enter a word: " << endl;
ip >> var.word;
cout << "Please enter the number of definitions for this word: " << endl;
int idx;
cin >> idx;
while (idx<0)
{
cout << "Error: number of definitions not possible. Please Try again: " << endl;
cin.clear();
cin.ignore(INT_MAX, '\n');
cin >> idx;
}
cin.clear();
cin.ignore(INT_MAX, '\n');
String* temp = new String[idx];
for (int i = 0; i < idx; i++) {
cout << "Please enter the " << i + 1 << "th definition: " << endl;
cin >> temp[i];
var += temp[i];
}
var.sortDefinition();
return ip;
}
确实需要帮助。
答案 0 :(得分:1)
你应该坚持使用std::vector
和其他集合类型,而不是像在这里一样使用指针和new
/ delete
。
在operator+=
函数中,您将临时变量的地址复制到数组中:
temp[numWords - 1] = &input;
一旦调用函数operator>>
结束,这个指针就不值钱,因为原始对象(Definition temp;
)不再存在。因此,该代码的行为是未定义的!
你可能通过为Definition
定义副本c然后将以上行更改为:
*temp[numWords - 1] = input;
同样在您的作业运算符中,您正在使用operator+=
函数。但是,目前您的numWords
成员设置不正确,因此operator+=
可能会做错事。因此,在赋值运算符中添加一行,如下所示:
if (numWords != 0)
{
delete[] book;
numWords = 0; // add this line
}
答案 1 :(得分:0)
有两个问题:
亚历山大对临时变量所说的话。改为:Dictionary& Dictionary::operator+=(Definition& input) {
if (!checkCopy(input))
{
Definition** temp;
temp = new Definition*[numWords + 1];
temp[0] = new Definition[numWords];
for (int i = 0; i < numWords; i++)
{
temp[i] = book[i];
}
temp[0][numWords] = input;
delete[] book;
book = temp;
numWords++;
}
return *this;
}
第二个是当我尝试访问由于双指针而未创建的对象中的定义数时,在Definition类中:
Definition** temp;
temp = new Definition*[numWords + 1];
所以我改了它,所以它不能访问它,但首先构建它。
感谢亚历山大的帮助!