我有这个词典列表:
list_of_ds = [
{'a': [1, 2], 'b': [4, 5], 'c': [6, 7]},
{'a': [4], 'b': [56], 'c': [46]},
{'a': [92], 'b': [65], 'c': [43]}
]
我想把它作为输出:
{'a': [1, 2, 4, 92], 'b': [4, 5, 56, 65], 'c': [6, 7, 46, 43]}
直到现在......
我试过
d_of_ds = reduce(lambda d1, d2: d1.update(d2), list_of_ds)
给出:AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'update'
我试过
d_of_ds = reduce(lambda d1, d2: d1.update(d2) or d1, list_of_ds, {})
覆盖每次迭代:{'a': [92], 'b': [65], 'c': [43]}
我试过
d_of_ds = {k: v for d in list_of_ds for k, v in d.items()}
覆盖每次迭代:{'a': [92], 'b': [65], 'c': [43]}
答案 0 :(得分:4)
在这种情况下使用reduce
并不是一个好主意。而且你的lambda函数根本就有错误的逻辑,因为你试图一起更新整个字典,而不是它们的元素看到以下内容:
>>> a={'a':[1,2], 'b':[4,5],'c':[6,7]}
>>> a.update({'a':[4], 'b':[56],'c':[46]})
>>> a
{'a': [4], 'c': [46], 'b': [56]}
但作为一种更有效的方法,您可以使用dict.setdefault
方法:
>>> new={}
>>> for d in list_of_ds:
... for i,j in d.items():
... new.setdefault(i,[]).extend(j)
...
>>> new
{'a': [1, 2, 4, 92], 'c': [6, 7, 46, 43], 'b': [4, 5, 56, 65]}
您也可以使用collections.defaultdict
:
>>> from collections import defaultdict
>>> d=defaultdict(list)
>>> for sub in list_of_ds:
... for i,j in sub.items():
... d[i].extend(j)
...
>>> d
defaultdict(<type 'list'>, {'a': [1, 2, 4, 92], 'c': [6, 7, 46, 43], 'b': [4, 5, 56, 65]})
答案 1 :(得分:2)
效率不高但非常reduce
解决方案:
def f(x, y):
return {k: x.get(k, []) + y.get(k, []) for k in set(x).union(y)}
from functools import reduce
reduce(f, list_of_ds) # {'b': [4, 5, 56, 65], 'a': [1, 2, 4, 92], 'c': [6, 7, 46, 43]}
使用collections.defaultdict
不是那么漂亮但有效的解决方案:
from collections import defaultdict
def f(list_of_ds):
new = defaultdict(list)
for d in list_of_ds:
for k, v in d.items():
new[k].extend(v)
return new # or dict(new), to obtain a 'dict' object
f(list_of_ds) # {'a': [1, 2, 4, 92], 'b': [4, 5, 56, 65], 'c': [6, 7, 46, 43]}
答案 2 :(得分:0)
不导入任何库
>>> new_dict = {}
>>> new_dict
{}
>>> for dct in list_of_ds:
for key,val in dct.items():
if key not in new_dict.keys(): new_dict[key] = val
else: new_dict[key].extend(val)
>>> new_dict
{'a': [1, 2, 4, 92], 'c': [6, 7, 46, 43], 'b': [4, 5, 56, 65]}