Question

我有三个模型

class Category(models.Model):
       name = models.CharField(max_length=128)

class SubCategory(models.Model):
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category)
    name = models.CharField(max_length = 400)

class Document(models.Model):
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category, null=True,blank=True,help_text=_('Required'))
    subcategory = models.ForeignKey(SubCategory, null=True, blank=True, help_text =_('Required'))
    title = models.CharField(max_length=300)

现在在Admin界面中我有category，subcategory和title字段。如果用户试图选择任何子类别，那么只有那个应显示与Category相关的子类别项。一个简单的例子是国家，州下拉列表。我试图从Modelform中获取它，如

class DocumentAdminModelForm(ModelForm):

   def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):    
       super(DocumentAdminModelForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
       self.fields['sub_category'] = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset = SubCategory.objects.filter(category__id = self.fields['category'] ))

但它不起作用。我应该为此使用一些ajax和jquery吗？还有其他方法可以建议??

由于

Answer 1

这似乎是实现这种关系的最佳方式，一种是父母关系模式。这是我的解决方案，它基于原生的django字段，模板标签和管理模板的小自定义。在示例中，我生成带有选项卡式子项的自定义选择元素（基于本机django）。选择字段的示例（抱歉，俄语示例）：

alt text http://img576.imageshack.us/img576/5269/selects.png

实现选择类（用于编辑和创建）：

class mSelect(Widget):
    def __init__(self, attrs=None, choices=()):
        super(mSelect, self).__init__(attrs)
        # choices can be any iterable, but we may need to render this widget
        # multiple times. Thus, collapse it into a list so it can be consumed
        # more than once.
        self.choices = list(choices)

    def render(self, name, value, attrs=None, choices=()):

        if value is None: value = ''
        final_attrs = self.build_attrs(attrs, name=name)
        print name
        output = [u'<select name=\"%s\" style=\"width:200px;\">' % name]
        output.append(u"<option value=\"\"%s>----------</option>")
        options = self.render_options(choices, [value])
        if options:
            output.append(options)
        output.append('</select>')
        return mark_safe(u'\n'.join(output))

    def render_options(self, choices, selected_choices):

        def render_option(option_value, option_label):
            option_value = force_unicode(option_value)
            selected_html = (option_value in selected_choices) and u' selected="selected"' or u''
            return u'<option value="%s"%s style=\"padding-left:20px;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;%s</option>' % (
                escape(option_value), selected_html,
                conditional_escape(force_unicode(option_label)))
        # Normalize to strings.
        selected_choices = set([force_unicode(v) for v in selected_choices])
        output = []

        for option_value, option_label in chain(self.choices, choices):
            childs = **YOUR_MODEL**.objects.filter(parent=option_value).order_by("**YOUR_FIELDNAME**")

            if len(childs)>0:
                output.append("<option value=\"%s\" disabled >%s</option>" % (option_value,option_label))

                for child in childs:
                    output.append(render_option(child.id, child.iname))

        return u'\n'.join(output)

然后你需要为你的模型创建modelAdmin类：

示例：

class **YOUMODELADMIN**(admin.ModelAdmin): ..... ..... ..... def formfield_for_dbfield(self, db_field, **kwargs): if db_field.name == '**YOUR_FIELD_NAME**': kwargs["widget"] = mSelect() field = super(**YOUMODELADMIN**, self).formfield_for_dbfield(db_field, **kwargs) return field

如果您需要在admin（list_filter）中显示此关系，我认为最好的方法是为此字段编写templatetag + javascript函数以显示关系树。实施例（图像+代码）：（将文件change_list.html复制到您的模板文件夹中，如： templates / admin / App / model 或 yourappname / templates / admin / yourmodelname / change_list.html 然后在列表过滤器块中添加模板标记的调用：

alt text http://img714.imageshack.us/img714/5141/treetd.png

Javascript块示例：

<script> function showTree(name_id) { if(document.getElementById("li_" + name_id).style.display=="none") { //document.getElementById("div_" + name_id).style.display = "block"; document.getElementById("li_" + name_id).style.display = "block"; } else { //document.getElementById("div_" + name_id).style.display = "none"; document.getElementById("li_" + name_id).style.display = "none"; } } </script>

templatetag（python）的示例代码：

def YOURTEMPLATETAG(request): root_link = "/admin/YOURAPP/YOURMODEL/" mvar = "YOURFIELD_ID__id__in" mlink = root_link + "?" for item in request.GET: if item!=mvar: mlink += "&%s=%s" % (item,request.GET[item]) arr_options = [] dest = HERE YOU GET YOUR ROOT OBJECTS selected = "" for item in dest: show = False childs = HERE YOU GET YOU CHILD OBJECTS if len(childs)>0: str_req = "".join("%d," % child.id for child in childs).rstrip(",") if u"ptype__id__in" in request.GET: selected = request.GET["YOURFIELDNAME__id__in"] if selected in str_req.split(","): show = True proot = {"name":item.iname,"link":str_req,"childs":childs,"show":show} arr_options.append(proot) if "," not in selected and len(selected)>0: selected = int(selected) return render_to_string("PATH_TO_YOUR_TEMPLATETAG_TEMPLATE/templatetags/show_options.html",{"mlink":mlink,"selected":selected,"options":arr_options,"name":u"YOUR FILTER NAME","tst":request})

templatetag的模板示例：

<h3>{{name}}</h3> <ul>  <li{% ifequal selected '' %} class="selected"{% endifequal %}><a href="?">Все</a></li> {% for item in options %} <li {% ifequal selected item.link %} class="selected"{% endifequal %} > <a href="{{mlink}}&YOURFIELDNAME__id__in={{item.link}}">{{item.name}}</a> <a href="javascript:showTree('{{item.link}}')">[show tree]</a> </li> <li id="li_{{item.link}}" {% ifequal item.show 1 %}{%else%}style="display:none;"{%endifequal%}> <ul> {% for child in item.childs %} <li {% ifequal selected child.id %} class="selected"{% endifequal %}><div style="margin-left:10px;"><a href="{{mlink}}&YOURFIELDNAME__id__in={{child.id}}">{{child.FIELDOFNAME}}</a></div></li> {% endfor %} </ul> </li> {% endfor %} </ul>

最后阻止更改change_list.html：

.... .... <div id="changelist-filter" style="width:350px;z-index:0;"> {% load YOURTEMPLATETAGFILE %} {% show_date_cal request "/PATH_TO_YOUR_MODEL_VIEW/" %} <h2>Custom filters</h2> {% TEMPLATETAGNAME request %} <h2>{% trans 'Filter' %}</h2> {% for spec in cl.filter_specs %}{% admin_list_filter cl spec %}{% endfor %} ... .....

我认为无论如何这个例子对于创建自定义控件+管理过滤器非常有用对不起，如果没有）））

根据Django admin中的相关类别限制子类别下拉列表中的选项

1 个答案: