我一直在处理具有lat long值的地震数据,我想将这些lat long值转换为空间坐标。
假设我有以下数据集df
:
longitude latitude
128.6979 -7.4197
153.0046 -4.7089
104.3261 -6.7541
124.9019 4.7817
126.7328 2.1643
153.2439 -5.6500
142.8673 23.3882
152.6890 -5.5710
我想将其转换为空间点。 像这样:
lon lat
[1,] 2579408.24 1079721.15
[2,] 2579333.69 1079729.18
[3,] 2579263.65 1079770.55
[4,] 2579928.04 1080028.46
[5,] 2579763.65 1079868.92
[6,] 2579698.00 1079767.97
我使用了以下代码:
library(sp)
df.sp<-df
coordinates(df.sp)<-~x+y
但是我收到以下错误:
Error in `[.data.frame`(object, , -coord.numbers, drop = FALSE) :
undefined columns selected
答案 0 :(得分:42)
首先,您获取lon
和lat
的列,并为coord
创建一个对象。然后,从原始数据框中减去它们并创建一个新对象。您最后使用SpatialPointsDataFrame()
创建SpatialPointsDataFrame
。创建SpatialPointsDataFrame
时,您需要指定proj4string
。为您选择合适的一个。
在您的情况下,除了lon
和lat
之外,您没有任何其他列,该方法将无效。我故意离开lon
和lat
@data。
DATA
mydf <- structure(list(longitude = c(128.6979, 153.0046, 104.3261, 124.9019,
126.7328, 153.2439, 142.8673, 152.689), latitude = c(-7.4197,
-4.7089, -6.7541, 4.7817, 2.1643, -5.65, 23.3882, -5.571)), .Names = c("longitude",
"latitude"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -8L))
### Get long and lat from your data.frame. Make sure that the order is in lon/lat.
xy <- mydf[,c(1,2)]
spdf <- SpatialPointsDataFrame(coords = xy, data = mydf,
proj4string = CRS("+proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +ellps=WGS84 +towgs84=0,0,0"))
#> str(spdf)
#Formal class 'SpatialPointsDataFrame' [package "sp"] with 5 slots
#..@ data :'data.frame': 8 obs. of 2 variables:
#.. ..$ longitude: num [1:8] 129 153 104 125 127 ...
#.. ..$ latitude : num [1:8] -7.42 -4.71 -6.75 4.78 2.16 ...
#..@ coords.nrs : num(0)
#..@ coords : num [1:8, 1:2] 129 153 104 125 127 ...
#.. ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
#.. .. ..$ : NULL
#.. .. ..$ : chr [1:2] "longitude" "latitude"
#..@ bbox : num [1:2, 1:2] 104.33 -7.42 153.24 23.39
#.. ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
#.. .. ..$ : chr [1:2] "longitude" "latitude"
#.. .. ..$ : chr [1:2] "min" "max"
#..@ proj4string:Formal class 'CRS' [package "sp"] with 1 slot
#.. .. ..@ projargs: chr "+proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +ellps=WGS84 +towgs84=0,0,0"
答案 1 :(得分:29)
或使用sf
代替sp
个对象(查看有关Simple Features for R或从sp
迁移到sf
here的更多信息):< / p>
require(sf)
my.df <- read.table(text="
longitude latitude
128.6979 -7.4197
153.0046 -4.7089
104.3261 -6.7541
124.9019 4.7817
126.7328 2.1643
153.2439 -5.6500
142.8673 23.3882
152.6890 -5.5710",
header=TRUE)
my.sf.point <- st_as_sf(x = my.df,
coords = c("longitude", "latitude"),
crs = "+proj=longlat +datum=WGS84")
# simple plot
plot(my.sf.point)
# interactive map:
require(mapview)
mapview(my.sf.point)
# convert to sp object if needed
my.sp.point <- as(my.sf.point, "Spatial")
答案 2 :(得分:6)
使用
structure(list(longitude = c(128.6979, 153.0046, 104.3261, 124.9019,
126.7328, 153.2439, 142.8673, 152.689), latitude = c(-7.4197,
-4.7089, -6.7541, 4.7817, 2.1643, -5.65, 23.3882, -5.571)), .Names = c("longitude", "latitude"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -8L))
转换为SpatialPointsDataFrame
coordinates(df) <- cbind(df$longitude , df$latitude)
正如@jazzurro所指出的,您可能需要为空间对象分配一个CRS。
proj4string(df) = CRS("+proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +ellps=WGS84 +towgs84=0,0,0")
将SpatialPointsDataFrame反向处理为原始df
df <- data.frame(longitude = coordinates(df)[,1], latitude = coordinates(df)[,2])