Question

我是PowerShell脚本的新手，有人请在脚本中进行少量编辑，帮助我。基本上我想安排一个脚本，它将自动备份超级v.windows 2012/2012 r2上的所有服务器。我有一个代码，它基本上要求用户提供参数，然后它需要备份。我解决的是我们可以做两件事 1）创建一个.txt文件，其中包含hyper v上的所有vm名称，但每当我们添加一个新的vm时，更新该文件将是忙乱的。所以我不会喜欢这样做。 2）我们可以删除用户输入的功能并添加＆＃34; get-vm＆＃34;命令某处？但我无法做到这一点：/有人可以帮助我这样做吗？下面是我想要使用的代码。

#requires -version 3.0
#requires -module Hyper-V

<#
.SYNOPSIS
Export virtual machines
.DESCRIPTION
This utility will export virtual machines to a target destination. By default
it will create a folder using the format:

Weekly_Year_Month_Day_HourSecond

The script will delete the oldest folder once 4 subfolders have been created.
Use the -Monthly parameter to do the same thing but for folders that begin
with Monthly, i.e. Monthly_Year_Month_Day_HourSecond.

Because the export process can be time consuming, you can use the -AsJob parameter
which will be passed to Export-VM. You will then get PowerShell background jobs
which you can manage with the standard job cmdlets.

This script must be run as an administrator in an elevated session.

.PARAMETER VM
A comma separated list of virtual machines. You can also pipe Get-VM into
this command. This parameter has an alias of Name.
.PARAMETER Path
The path to the top level backup or export folder.
.PARAMETER Monthly
Run the script in Monthly mode
.PARAMETER AsJob
Export virtual machines using background jobs
.EXAMPLE
PS C:\> get-vm chi-dc01,chi-dc02 | c:\scripts\ScheduledExport.ps1 -path e:\export

Get the virtual machines, CHI-DC01 and CHI-DC02 and pipe them to the script which will
export them to the given folder.

.EXAMPLE
PS C:\> c:\scripts\ScheduledExport.ps1 "CHI-DC01","CHI-FP01" -path E:\Export -asjob

Export virtual machines CHI-DC01 and CHI-FP01 to a weekly folder under E:\Export.

.EXAMPLE
PS C:\> get-content c:\work\vms.txt | c:\scripts\ScheduledExport.ps1 -asjob -monthly

Read the text file, vms.txt, and pass each virtual machine name to the script. This will
use the Monthly backup folders. Exports will be done as jobs.

.LINK
Get-VM
Export-VM
#>

[cmdletbinding(SupportsShouldProcess=$True)]
Param(
[Parameter(Position=0,Mandatory=$True,
HelpMessage="Enter the virtual machine name or names",
ValueFromPipeline=$True,ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$True)]
[ValidateNotNullorEmpty()]
[Alias("name")]
[string[]]$VM,

[Parameter(Position=1)]
[ValidateNotNullorEmpty()]
[string]$Path = "C:\work\export",

[Parameter(Position=2)]
[switch]$Monthly,

[Parameter(Position=3)]
[switch]$AsJob
)

Begin {

#define some variables if we are doing weekly or monthly backups
if ($monthly) {
  $type = "Monthly"
  $retain = 2
}
else {
   $type = "Weekly"
   $retain = 4
}

Write-Verbose "Processing $type backups. Retaining last $retain."

#get backup directory list
Try {
 Write-Verbose "Checking $path for subfolders"

 #get only directories under the path that start with Weekly or Monthly
 $subFolders =  dir -Path $path\$type* -Directory -ErrorAction Stop
}
Catch {
    Write-Warning "Failed to enumerate folders from $path"
    #bail out of the script
    return
}

#check if any backup folders
if ($subFolders) {
    #if found, get count
    Write-Verbose "Found $($subfolders.count) folder(s)"

    #if more than the value of $retain, delete oldest one
    if ($subFolders.count -ge $retain ) {
       #get oldest folder based on its CreationTime property
       $oldest = $subFolders | sort CreationTime | Select -first 1 
       Write-Verbose "Deleting oldest folder $($oldest.fullname)"
       #delete it
       $oldest | Remove-Item -Recurse -Force
    }

 } #if $subfolders
else {
    #if none found, create first one
    Write-Verbose "No matching folders found. Creating the first folder"    
}

#create the folder
#get the current date
$now = Get-Date

#name format is Type_Year_Month_Day_HourMinute
$childPath = "{0}_{1}_{2:D2}_{3:D2}_{4:D2}{5:D2}" -f $type,$now.year,$now.month,$now.day,$now.hour,$now.minute

#create a variable that represents the new folder path
$new = Join-Path -Path $path -ChildPath $childPath

Try {
    Write-Verbose "Creating $new"
    #Create the new backup folder
    $BackupFolder = New-Item -Path $new -ItemType directory -ErrorAction Stop 
}
Catch {
  Write-Warning "Failed to create folder $new. $($_.exception.message)"
  #failed to create folder so bail out of the script
  Return
}
} #end begin

Process {

#only process if a backup folder was created
if ($BackupFolder) {
    #export VMs
    #define a hashtable of parameters to splat to Export-VM
    $exportParam = @{
     Path = $new
     Name=$Null
     ErrorAction="Stop"
    }
    if ($asjob) {
      Write-Verbose "Exporting as background job"
      $exportParam.Add("AsJob",$True)
    }

    Write-Verbose "Exporting virtual machines"
    <#
     Go through each virtual machine name, and export it using Export-VM
    #>
    foreach ($name in $VM) {
        $exportParam.Name=$name
        #if the user did not include -WhatIf then the machine will be exported
        #otherwise they will get a WhatIf message
        if ($PSCmdlet.shouldProcess($name)) {
           Try {
                Export-VM @exportParam
           }
           Catch {
            Write-Warning "Failed to export virtual machine(s). $($_.Exception.Message)"
           }
        } #whatif
    } #close foreach
} #if backup folder exists 
} #Process
End {
    Write-Host "Export script finished." -ForegroundColor Green

}

Answer 1

Get-VM cmdlet可以列出给定系统上的所有VM。将其与粘贴脚本中包含的帮助文本中的示例相结合：

get-vm chi-dc01,chi-dc02 | c:\scripts\ScheduledExport.ps1 -path e:\export

应该导致保存所有虚拟机语句，如此

get-vm  | c:\scripts\ScheduledExport.ps1 -path e:\export

Answer 2

这些操作似乎很容易出现人为错误。为什么不能使用第三方解决方案而不是脚本进行Hyper-V备份？（就个人而言，我推荐Handy Backup，但这是因为这个解决方案是我工作的解决方案，也许，其他公司的备份软件也可能包含Hyper-V备份功能？）

在超级v上备份所有vms

2 个答案: